Splicing of optical fiber

Optical Fiber Splicer Optical Fiber Splicing
BRBRAITT, Jabalpur Page 1 of 27
For Restricted Circulation
9 OPTICAL FIBER SPLICING
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 OBJECTIVE
9.3 SPLICING
9.4 SPLICING METHODS
9.5 PRINCIPLE OF FUSION SPLICING TECHNIQUE
9.6 TOOLS AND SPARES REQUIRED BEFORE STRATING THE SPLICING
OPERATION
9.7 FIBER OPTIC CABLE SPLICING PROCEDURE
9.8 WARNING
9.9 CAUTION
9.10 SUMMARY
9.11 REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED FURTHER READINGS
9.12 KEY LEARNINGS
9.13 WORKSHEET

9.1 INTRODUCTION
Splicing often is required to create a continuous optical path for transmission of
optical pulses from one fiber length to another. The three basic fiber interconnection methods
are: de-matable fiber-optic connectors, mechanical splices and fusion splices. De-matable
connectors are used in applications where periodic mating and de-mating is required for
maintenance, testing, repairs or reconfiguration of a system. The penalty for this flexibility is
the larger physical size and higher cost, as well as higher losses of optical power (typically
0.2 to 1 dB) at the connector interface.
Mechanical splices are available for both multimode and single-mode fiber types and
can be either temporary or permanent. Typical mechanical splices for multimode fiber are
easy to install and require few specialized installation tools. Insertion loss, defined as the loss
in optical power at a joint between identical fibers, typically is 0.2 dB for mechanical
multimode splices.
Since single-mode fibers have small optical cores and hence small mode-field
diameters (MFD), they are less tolerant of misalignment at a joint. Consequently, mechanical
splices capable of achieving acceptable performance within a single-mode system loss budget
are somewhat more expensive to purchase, more time consuming to install, and may require
capital equipment outlays on par with fusion splicing. Typical insertion losses for single-
mode mechanical splices range from 0.05 to 0.2 dB.
9.2 OBJECTIVE
After reading this unit, you should be able to:
1. Understand the Different types of splicing methods
2. Preparing cable for splicing
3. Identify the appropriate fibers to be joined based on color coding, and sequence
4. Ensure clean environment for splicing operations
5. Ensure cables are stripped off their protective coating, at areas where splicing has to
be performed as per the standard process
6. Carrying out splicing operations
7. Ensure appropriate splice protectors like heat shrink splice protectors are utilized to
protect the splice

9.3 SPLICING
Splices are permanent connection between two fibers. The splicing involves cutting of
the edges of the two fibers to be spliced. This cut has to be carefully made to have a smooth
surface and is generally achieved by a special cutting tool. The two ends, thus, prepared are
then brought together and made to butt against each other. The fibers are then fixed
permanently and reinforced. The fixing process can be achieved in a number of ways. It
could be mechanically fixed permanently through uses of epoxies or through fusion.
Mechanical splicing doesn’t physically fuse two optical fibers together, rather two
fibers are held butt-to-butt inside a sleeve with some mechanical mechanism. You will get
worse insertion loss and back reflection in mechanical splices than in fusion splices (the
second type we are introducing below).Mechanical splicing is mostly used for emergency
repairs and fiber testing. You can check out some mechanical splice products here.
Figure 1: Mechanical splice
The second type splicing is called fusion splicing. In fusion splicing, two fibers are
literally welded (fused) together by an electric arc. Fusion splicing is the most widely used
method of splicing as it provides for the lowest insertion loss and virtually no back reflection.
Fusion splicing provides the most reliable joint between two fibers. Fusion splicing is done
by an automatic machine called fusion splicer (fusion splicing machines).
Figure 2: Fusion Splice

9.3.1 SPLICE LOSSES
Splice losses can be divided into two categories as shown in Table.
 Extrinsic and
 intrinsic splice loss factors
Table: Extrinsic and intrinsic splice loss factors
Extrinsic, or splice process-related, factors are those induced by the splicing methods
and procedures. Splice process factors include lateral and angular misalignment (separation
and transverse offset between the fibre cores, axial tilt), fibre end quality, contamination and
core deformation. They can be controlled or minimized by the skill of the individual doing
the splicing, and by the automated fiber alignment and fusing cycles on newer equipment.
Additional splice process factors exist for mechanical (butt-spliced) joints, including fiber-
end separation, fiber-end angle and fresnel reflection.

Figure 3: Fibre misalignment
1. The second category of losses is related to the properties of the fibres spliced
and is referred to as intrinsic splice loss. Intrinsic parameters include
variations in fibre diameter (both core and cladding), index profile, Numerical
aperture, Mode Field Diameter (MFD) and non-circularity of the fibre cores.
Figure 4: Intrinsic splice loss due to core diameter and NA mismatch
2. For single-mode dispersion non-shifted fibers, the dominant fiber-
related factor is MFD mismatch. The intrinsic loss contribution due to MFD

mismatch may be estimated from Figure.
Figure 5: Single-mode intrinsic splice loss due to MFD mismatch
3. As shown in Figure, the actual splice loss (bi-directional average) is practically
non-directional, (e.g., similar fiber-related loss will be seen across the joint
regardless of the direction of optical propagation). Also, the intrinsic loss is
relatively low for MFD mismatches expected within typical manufacturer’s
tolerances. For example, the worst-case, fiber-related bi-directional loss for
fibers having a 9.3 ± 0.5 micron MFD specification would be approximately
0.04 dB.
9.4 SPLICING METHODS
The following three types are widely used:
1. Adhesive bonding or Glue splicing.
2. Mechanical splicing.
3. Fusion splicing.
1. Adhesive Bonding or Glue Splicing
This is the oldest splicing technique used in fibre splicing. After fibre end preparation,
it is axially aligned in a precision V–groove. Cylindrical rods or other kind of reference

surfaces are used for alignment. During the alignment of fibre end, a small amount of
adhesive or glue of same refractive index as the core material is set between and around the
fibre ends. A two component epoxy or an UV curable adhesive is used as the bonding agent.
The splice loss of this type of joint is same or less than fusion splices. But fusion splicing
technique is more reliable, so at present this technique is very rarely used.
2. Mechanical Splicing
This splicing is mainly used for temporary splicing in case of emergency repairing.
This method is also convenient to connect measuring instruments to bare fibres for taking
various measurements.
The mechanical splices consists of 4 basic components :
(i) An alignment surface for mating fibre ends.
(ii) A retainer.
(iii) An index matching material.
(i) A protective housing.
A very good mechanical splice for M.M. fibres can have an optical performance good
as fusion spliced fibre or glue spliced. But in case of single mode fibre, this type of splice
cannot have stability of loss.
Mechanical splice process
Insert the first fiber into the mechanical splice. Most splices are designed to limit the
depth of the fiber insertion by the stripped length of buffer coating on the fiber. Clamp the
fiber in place if fibers are held separately. Some splices clamp both fibers at once. Repeat
these steps for the second fiber.
You can optimize the loss of a mechanical splice visually using a visual fault locator,
a visible laser test source if the fiber ends being spliced are visible. Gently withdraw one of
the fibers a slight amount, rotating it slightly and reinserting it until the visible light is
minimized, indicating lowest loss.

Figure 6: Mechanical splice process
3. Fusion Splicing
The fusion splicing technique is the most popular technique used for achieving low
splice losses. The fusion can be achieved either through electrical arc or through gas flame.
The process involves cutting of the fibres and fixing them in micro–positioners the fusion
splicing machine. The fibres are then aligned either manually or automatically core aligning
(in case of S.M. fibre) process. Afterwards, the operation that takes place involve withdrawal
of the fibres to a specified distance, preheating the fibre ends through electric arc and
bringing together of the fibre ends in a position and splicing through high temperature fusion.
If proper care is taken and splicing is done strictly as per schedule, then the splicing loss can
be minimized as low as 0.01 dB/joint. After fusion splicing, the splicing joint should be
provided with a proper protector to have following protections:
(a) Mechanical protection
(b) Protection from moisture.
Sometimes the two types of protection are combined. Coating with Epoxy resins
protects against moisture and also provides mechanical strength at the joint. Now–a–days the
heat shrinkable tubes are most widely used, which are fixed on the joints by the fusion tools.
9.5 PRINCIPLE OF FUSION SPLICING TECHNIQUE:
It is most widely used method for splicing optical fiber. There are a number of fusion
welding machines manufactured by different companies, some of them are fully automatic
and controlled by a microprocessor and some are partly automatic and manually controlled.
In some cases, the fiber ends & the fusion process can be seen on a TV-monitor screen.
The process can be sub-divided into the following three steps :
(a) Axial alignment.

(b) Perfusion &
(c) Actual fusion welding.
In case of the old machines the axial alignment is done manually by manipulating a
number of knobs and is observed with the help of a high power microscope. This is normally
followed in case of multimode fiber. In case of modern machines, prealigned, V-grooves are
provided a finer adjustment is done, if necessary. For single mode fibre, other techniques are
followed. The best one is fully automatic core alignment method which is now days used.
After alignment is done, the ends of the fibres are fire polished by an electric arc and
this method is called pre-fusion. During this process, the fibre ends are kept separated at a
distance, after this they are brought closer and the process is called as fibre end feedings. This
feeding process is continued during actual fusion by electric arc to prevent a reduced section
at the point of welding.
The process of perfusion, fibre ends feed and actual fusion is critical to a good weld
and is frequently automatically controlled by the fusion machine. The fusion time of single
mode fibre is less than that the multimode fibre. The Introduction of single mode fibre for use
in long haul network, brought with it different fibre construction and cable design, from that
of multimode cables. The design of the cable, the brittleness of the fibres and the requirement
of accurately aligning the single mode fibre cores, required splicing techniques different to
those used for multimode fibres, where aligning of the cladding is done. Due to this
sophisticated splicing machines were developed.
The main functions of the above are:
(1) Auto active alignment of the core.
(2) Auto arc fusion.
(3) Video display of the entire process.
(4) Indication of the estimated loss at the slice.
In this core profile alignment system (CPA), the two fibres ends to be spliced are
cleaved and then clamped in accurately machined V- grooves. A video image proceeding
technique is used to detect the boundary between the core and cladding glasses in the fibres

on each side of the splice point. The core boundaries in the fibres and aligned in the
horizontal and vertical plane by microprocessor controlled micropositioners. When the
optimum alignment is achieved, the fibres are automatically fused under the micro-processor
control. The machine then measures the radial and angular offsets of the fibres and uses these
figures to calculate a splice loss estimated, which is used only as a guidance. The operator of
the machine observes the alignment and fusion processes on a video screen showing
horizontal and vertical projection of the fibres and then decides the quality of the splice.
The manual part of the splicing is cleaning and cleaving the fibres. For cleaning the
fibres the following material are used.
(i) Hexane - jelly cleaning.
(ii) Di-chlorine methyl of Acetone or Alcohol - to remove primary coating.
(iii) Freon gas - to clean the bits of scrapper or stripper.
With the special fibre cleaver or cutter, the cleaned fibre is cut. The cut has to be so
precise that it produces an end angle of less than 0.5 deg on a prepared fibre. If the cut is bad,
the splicing losses will increase. The shape of the cut can be monitored on the video screen.
Some of the defects noted while cleaving are as below:
(1) Broken ends.
(2) Ripped ends.
(3) Slanting cuts.
It is desirable to limit the average splice loss to less than 0.1 dB. The completed splice
should be inspected & if not satisfactory, redone.
The Splice loss indicated by the splicing machine should not be taken as the final
value, as it is only an estimated loss and so after splicing is over the splice loss measurement
is to be taken by an OTDR. This makes use of the relative level of back scattered light at 2
points one before and one after the splice point to determine the apparent splice loss.
-fusing the ends of two clean, cleaved fibers with an electric arc.

Requirement of a good splice
Following are the requirements of a good splice.
(i) Low loss.
(ii) Stability of loss
(iii) Reliability.
(iv) Ease of reopening.
(v) Low cost.
Considering all the above facts, suitable methods of splicing should be selected.
The Following are the common steps in every splicing method.
(A) Fibre and preparation:
(I) Fibre stripping.
(II) Fibre cleaning.
(III) Fibre cutting.
(B) Axial alignment.
(C) Actual splicing of two fibre ends.
Figure 7: Fusion Splice

9.6 TOOLS AND SPARES REQUIRED BEFORE STRATING THE
SPLICING OPERATION
Cable end preparation and splicing must be performed by personnel trained and
familiar with handling of optical fiber cable, components, and splicing accessories.
Mishandling of fiber cable can cause damage to the fiber and result in cable length cuts or
system degradation. Following must be ensured by Optical Fiber Splicer:
 availability of test equipments like OTDR and Power meter for carrying out
optical tests
 availability of optical equipments like spool, joint closure, connectors, splicer and
cleaver
 availability of OF Tool kits, Pigtails, patch cords, 0dB connector, protection
sleeves, heat shrinks etc.
 continuous power supply at site for the splicing operation by use of portable
generators or standby heavy duty batteries
 availability of RCC joint chambers with covers as per specifications
 availability of sand for filling the chambers
 availability of one spare cable drum for emergency replacement of laid cables
9.7 FIBER OPTIC CABLE SPLICING PROCEDURE
Ensure all required materials are on hand. It is recommended that the processes of
cable end preparation, fiber splicing, and splice closure assembly be performed from
beginning to end with minimal interruption. If for any reason actions are interrupted, ensure
fiber cable end and fibers are adequately protected. Determine end location of cable where
the splice point is to be located.
1. Strip fiber cable jacket.
Strip back about 1 meters of fiber cable jacket to expose the fiber loose tubes or tight
buffered fibers. Use cable rip cord to cut through the fiber jacket. Then carefully peel back
the jacket and expose the insides. Cut off the excess jacket. Clean off all cable gel with

cable gel remover. Separate the fiber loose tubes and buffers by carefully cutting away any
yarn or sheath. Leave enough of the strength member to properly secure the cable in the
splice enclose.
Figure 8: Strip fiber cable jacket
2. Strip fiber tubes.
For a loose tube fiber cable, strip away about 0.9 meters of fiber tube using a
buffer tube stripper and expose the individual fibers.
3. Clean cable gel.
Carefully clean all fibers in the loose tube of any filling gel with cable gel
remover.
Figure 9: Cleaning of gel

4. Preparation of Cable Joint Closure for Splicing
The type of preparation work performed on the cable prior to splicing differs on the
type of joint closure and fibre organizer used. However, the following steps shall be usually
common for different types of joint closure.
(a) The strength member of each cable shall be joined to each other and/or the central
frame of the joint closure.
(b) The joint closure shall be assembled around the cable.
(c) The sealing compound or heat shrink sleeve shall be applied to the cables and closure,
or prepared for application after splicing is complete.
(d) Tags which identify the fibres number shall be attached at suitable location on the
fibres.
(e) Splice protectors shall be slipped over each fibre in readiness for placing over the bare
fibre after splicing.
Figure 10: Splice closure preparation
Follow the splice closure assembly instructions to build the closure unit, attach the
cable ends, and fabricate the end seal around the cables to be spliced. Repeat the above steps
for all cables that are planned to enter the closure so that closure end plate seal and
fabrication is complete.

5. Strip first splicing fiber.
Hold the first splicing fiber and remove the 250um fiber coating to expose 5cm of
125um bare fiber cladding with fiber coating stripper tool. For tight buffered fibers, remove
5cm of 900um tight buffer first with a buffer stripping tool, and then remove the 5cm of
250um coating.
6. Place the fusion splice protection sleeve.
Put a fusion splice protection sleeve onto the fiber being spliced.
7. Clean the bare fiber.
Carefully clean the stripped bare fiber with lint-free wipes soaked in isopropyl
alcohol. After cleaning, prevent the fiber from touching anything.
8. Fiber cleaving.
With a high precision fiber cleaver, cleave the fiber to a specified length according to
your fusion splicer’s manual.
Figure 11: Fiber cleaving
9. Prepare second fiber being spliced.
Strip, clean and cleave the other fiber to be spliced.

10. Fusion splicing.
Place both fibers in the fusion splicer and do the fusion splice according to its manual.
Figure 12: Fusion splicing
11. Heat shrinks the fusion splice protection sleeve.
Slide the fusion splice protection sleeve on the joint and put it into the heat shrink
oven, and press the heat button.
Figure 13: Heat shrinks the fusion splice protection sleeve.
12. Place splice into splice tray.

Carefully place the finished splice into the splice tray and loop excess fiber around its
guides. Ensure that the fiber’s minimum bending radius is not compromised.
Figure 14: Splice trey
Figure 15: Splice trey
13. Close the splice tray.
After all fibers have been spliced, carefully close the splice tray and place it into the
splice enclosure.
14. Mount the splice enclosure.
Close and mount the splice enclosure if all splices meet the specifications.

Figure 16: Splice closure
15. Placing of completed joint in pit-
Joint shall be taken out from the vehicle and placed on the tarpaulin provided near the
pit. The joint closure shall be fixed to the bracket on the pit wall and pit closed.
Figure 17: Placing of completed joint in pit
16. Covering the join chamber
After placing the complete joint fill the sand in RCC joint chambers and covers as per
specifications
9.8 WARNING
 Do not use a voltage other than the allowable power voltage indicated. Doing so may
cause a fire or electric shock.

 To reduce the risk of fire, electric shock or malfunction, do not get liquid or metallic
objects inside the splicer. Check for condensation before operating. If necessary,
allow the condensation to evaporate before using the splicer.
 Do not make mechanical or electrical modifications to the splicer, this may expose
you to dangerous voltages or other hazards.
 If liquid, a metallic object or other foreign substance gets inside the splicer,
immediately turn off the power and disconnect the power source. Contact qualified
service personnel.
 This fusion splicer performs an arc discharge. Avoid the use of the splicer in a
hazardous location in which flammable gas can generate or only electrical
 Do not touch the electrodes. Doing so may cause personal injury or electric shock. If
an abnormal condition such as unusual noise, smoke or unusual odor occurs,
immediately turn off the power and disconnect the power source. Next, contact the
maintenance service center.
 Do not let water come in contact with the battery. Safety and protective devices to
prevent danger are built in the battery, but if these devices are damaged, excessive
current flow may cause abnormal chemical reaction in the battery fluid, heat
generation, bursting and fire may result.
 Do not use or leave the battery exposed to high temperature conditions, such as a fire.
 Only use the specified battery charger. Not doing so can cause the battery to be
overcharged or excessive current flow may cause abnormal chemical reaction in
battery fluid, heat generation, bursting and fire could result.
 Make sure the polarities are correctly connected. Reversed connections may cause
abnormal chemical reaction in battery fluid, heat generation, bursting and fire could
result.
 Do not attach the battery to a power supply plug or directly to a car's cigarette lighter.
Excessive current flow may cause heat generation.
 Use the battery only for the application for which it was designed. Not doing so will
result in a loss of performance and a shortened life expectancy. Also excessive current
flow may cause loss of control during charging or discharging of the battery, heat
generation, bursting and fire.
 Do not disassemble or modify the battery. Safety and protective devices to prevent
danger are built in the battery. If these devices are damaged, excessive current flow

may cause loss of control during charging or discharging of the battery, heat
generation, bursting and fire.
 Do not place the battery close to heat sources or leave exposed directly to the sun for
long periods of time. Safety and protective devices to prevent danger are built in the
battery. If these devices are damaged, excessive current flow may cause loss of
control during charging or discharging of the battery, heat generation, bursting and
fire.
9.9 CAUTION
 Avoid places with too much dust or dirt. Dirt or dust that can accumulate in the fusion
splicer causing short circuits or insufficient cooling, which may lead to splicer
malfunction or deterioration, resulting in fire or electric shock.
 Always use and store the splicer in the locations defined in this manual. Not doing so
may cause splicer malfunction or deterioration, resulting in fire or electric shock.
 To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not plug/unplug the power cord or remove the
battery with wet hands.
 Disconnect the power cord by grasping the plug, not the cord.
 The battery's optimum charging temperature range is 0 to 45°C. Whenever possible,
place the charger in a location that is within this temperature range. Do not charge the
battery at extremely low temperature (below 0°C). Doing so may lead to deterioration
in performance and battery leakage.
 If you are not going to use the splicer for a while, remove the battery before storing it.
Not doing so will shorten a battery life.
 Only use 99% pure alcohol to clean the splicer. To prevent malfunction and damage,
do not use any other kind of chemicals.
 The heating plate of the heat shrink oven may be hot during and after heating. Do not
touch it directly.
 Do not operate the splicer in rain. Doing so may cause the battery or AC power
supply to be short-circuited.
9.10 SUMMARY
The most important task in the design of fiber optic link is to determine the maximum
range of the optical transmission path, being in fact the balance of optical power in the link.

Balance of power is a comparison of the power at the input of the optical link with the losses
in fiber optic cables and other path components. This help to find the optimal parameters of
transmitting and receiving devices to ensure proper signal transmission.
Fiber optic cable fusion splicing provides the lowest loss connection. High precision
fusion splicers are generally bulky and expensive. With proper training, a fiber splicing
technician can routinely achieve less than 0.1 dB insertion loss for single mode fiber.
Splices are critical points in the optical fibre network, as they strongly affect not only
the quality of the links, but also their lifetime. In fact, the splice shall ensure high quality and
stability of performance with time. High quality in splicing is usually defined as low splice
loss and tensile strength near that of the fibre proof test level. Splices shall be stable over the
design life of the system under its expected environmental conditions.
At present, two technologies, fusion and mechanical, can be used for splicing glass
optical fibers and the choice between them depends upon the expected functional
performance and considerations of installation and maintenance. These splices are designed
to provide permanent connections. The most basic fiber optic measurement is optical power
from the end of a fiber. This measurement is the basis for loss measurements as well as the
power from a source or presented at a receiver. Fiber optic power meter is a test instrument
used for absolute optical fiber power measurement as well as fiber optic loss related
measurement.
9.11 REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED FURTHER READINGS
 ITU-T manual on OF installation
 EI of BSNL
 EI on underground OF cable laying works by BBNL
 Fiber Optics Technician's Manual
 Understanding optical communication by Dutton
 Planning Fiber Optic Networks by Bob Chomycz
 www.timbercon.com
 http://www.ofsoptics.com
 http://www.thefoa.org/
 http://www.corning.com
 http://www.fiber-optics.info

 http://www.rp-photonics.com
 http://www.occfiber.com and other websites
9.12 KEY LEARNINGS
Qu. 1 Fill in the blanks
1. …………………….. are permanent connection between two fibers.
2. Fusion splicing is done by an automatic machine
called………………………………………………...
3. …………….. losses include variations in fibre diameter (both core and cladding), index
profile, Numerical aperture, Mode Field Diameter (MFD) and non-circularity of the fibre
cores.
4. …………………….. is mainly used for temporary splicing in case of emergency repairing.
5. The ………………. technique is the most popular technique used for achieving low splice
losses.
Qu. 2 State True or False
1. Avoid the use of the splicer in a hazardous location in which flammable gas can generate or
only electrical.
2. Avoid places with too much dust or dirt. Dirt or dust that can accumulate in the fusion splicer
causing short circuits or insufficient cooling, which may lead to splicer malfunction or
deterioration, resulting in fire or electric shock.
3. With proper training, a fiber splicing technician can routinely achieve more than 0.1 dB
insertion losses for single mode fiber.
4. The joint closure shall be fixed to the bracket on the pit wall and pit closed.
5. Use cable buffer tube to cut through the fiber jacket.
Qu. 3 What are the basic fiber interconnection methods?
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Qu. 4 Write down the Extrinsic and Intrinsic splice loss factors?
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9.13 WORKSHEET
1. Prepare the one end of optical fiber cable using the suitable tools and write down the
steps to carry out end preparation?
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2. Write down the steps for the preparation the fiber for splicing using fiber cleaver?
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3. Identify and locate the different components of Splicing Machine (preferable ribbon
type fusion machine)?
Components Function
4. Observe the following function of automatic fusion splicer at the time of spicing of fiber?
1. Fiber alignment in the X and Y lateral directions.
2. Pre-fusion step.

3. Fusion of fiber
4. Loss estimation
5. Prepare the splice using fusion splicing Machine and find out the loss given by splice?
Splice loss=
Precautions
 Fiber pieces are very sharp, be careful, should not pierce into eyes or skin.
 Fiber pieces are very sharp, be careful, should not pierce into eyes or skin.
 Dispose of all scraps properly.
 Always use a properly marked container to dispose of Fibre
 Always work on a black pad which makes the slivers of glass easier to spot.
 Do not dispose of fibre on the floor where they will stick in carpets or shoes and be
carried elsewhere.
 Avoid places with too much dust or dirt. Dirt or dust that can accumulate in the fusion
splicer causing short circuits or insufficient cooling, which may lead to splicer
malfunction or deterioration, resulting in fire or electric shock.
 To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not plug/unplug the power cord or remove the
battery with wet hands.
 Disconnect the power cord by grasping the plug, not the cord.
 The battery's optimum charging temperature range is 0 to 45°C. Whenever possible,
place the charger in a location that is within this temperature range. Do not charge the
battery at extremely low temperature (below 0°C). Doing so may lead to deterioration
in performance and battery leakage.
 If you are not going to use the splicer for a while, remove the battery before storing it.
Not doing so will shorten a battery life.
 Only use 99% pure alcohol to clean the splicer. To prevent malfunction and damage,
do not use any other kind of chemicals.
 The heating plate of the heat shrink oven may be hot during and after heating. Do not
touch it directly.
 Do not operate the splicer in rain. Doing so may cause the battery or AC power
supply to be short-circuited.

Note
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