fluorescent dyes

2. Significance of Fluorescent
Dyes

3. Contents
 Fluorescence
 Fluorescent dyes
 Jablonski diagram
 Absorption and emission profile
 Applications of fluorescent dyes

4. Fluorescence
 Fluorescence is the property of certain substances to
emit light. Emission occurs only after absorbing light
or electromagnetic radiation at a specific wavelength.
 Emission light is of longer wavelength.
 GFP(Green Fluorescent Protein).

5. Fluorescent Dyes
 Fluorescent dyes are non-protein molecules that
absorb light and re-emit it at a longer wavelength.
 Used in labelling of biomolecules.
 More photostable.
 Also known as “Fluorophores” or “Reactive Dyes”.

6. Jablonski Diagram
 Widely used.
 Illustrates excited states.
 Radiative and non-
radiative transitions.

7. Spectral profile
 Absorption and
emission.
 Excited electrones loss
energy.
 Stoke’s law.

8. Common Fluorescent Dyes
 Fluorescein
 Rhodamine
 Xanthines
 Squairaine
 Phthalocyanins
 Porphyrin
 Nile Red
 GFP
 BODIPY

9. Chemical Structures
a b

10. Applications of Fluorescent Dyes
 Cancer proteomic study tool.
 Physiological sensing deep in tissue.
 A fast and fluorescent probe for thioredoxin reductase.
 Monitoring acidified organellese during autophagy.
 Marine microbiology.
 Assessing contaimination during drilling operations.
 Core-Shell nanosensors.

11. Application of sensitive
fluorescent dyes as a cancer
proteomic study tool
 Combination of microdissection and 2D.
 Low sensitivity silver stain was previously used.
 Microdissection requires adequate sample.
 Few spots detected.
 With fluorescent dyes about 1500 spots detected.
 Unique results.

13. High fidelity fibre-based
physiological sensing deep in
tissue
 Remains a challenge.
 Silica microspheres
covalently coupled with
fluorophores.
 Alterations in physical
environment has drastic
effects.
 Determine pH and
oxygen concentration.

14. Real-time monitoring of newly
acidified organelles during
autophagy
 Highly desireable monitoring of acidified organelles.
 Fluorescent dyes show intense red color in acidic
organelles.
 Negligible fluorescence in other regions.
 Involved in autophagy.

16. A fast and specific fluorescent
probe for thioredoxin reductase
 Explore cellular events.
 TrxR from mammalian thioredoxin reductase.
 Ubiquitous enzyme.
 Process of fluorophore release.
 Reduction of disulfides.
 Fluorescent signal on reduction.

18. Marine Microbiology
 Carbon dioxide
increases, oxygen
decreases.
 Oxygen penetration in
sediments.
 Oxygen consumed in
biodegradation.
 Determine activity of
bacteria and microbial
biofilms.

19. Assessing contamination
during drilling operations
 Subsurface exploration.
 Drilling fluid unsuitable
for geomicrobial studies.
 It is expensive.
 Fluorescent dyes four
times less cost.
 Can be used on large
scale.

20. Core–Shell Nanosensors
 A promosing approach.
 Biocompatible.
 Colloidal gold, silver,
quantum dots.
 Oxygen sensing.

21. Others
 Textile dyeing
 Laundry detergents
 Cosmetics
 Safety equipments
 OLED
 Fine arts and designing
 Solar panels
 In highlighters

22. Conclusion
 Super resolution microscopy earned three of its
creators a Noble prize.Every living thing is made up
of cells,how beautiful to see it right upto you.It is not
only about taking pretty pictures even we are able to
study at cellular level.Fluorescent dyes revolutionized
the field of investigation.