By: Carlos Reeve, 6th Sp.2H

1. Carlos Reeve, 6 th Sp.2H

2. 3. Imperfect
4. Trigger Words
5-8. Preterite
- Regular, Car/Gar/Zar
- Snake/Snakey
- Cucaracha
- Spock
9. Modal Verbs
10. Adverbs
11. Irregular Adverbs
12. Progressive
- Present
- Past
13. Future
- Regular
- Irregular
14. Superlatives
15. Formal Commands
16. Prepositions
17. Conditional
18. Demonstratives

3.  Uses:
 Ongoing action [Was/Were]
 Repeated action [Used to]
 No definite beginning or end
 Time/Date/Age/Feelings/Description
 Interrupted Activity [Cuando]

4.  Trigger words are used to show the beginning of an
imperfect sentence.
 Generalmente = Generally
 Frecuentement = Frequently
 Siempre = Always
 A veces = Sometimes
 A menudo = Often
 Mientras = As
 De vez en cuando = Occasionally
 Muchas veces = Often
 Los Lunes = On Mondays
 Cada día = Daily
 Todos los días = Everyday

5.  Preterite indicates past.
Ar Er/Ir
 É í
 Aste iste
 Ó ió
 Amos imos
 Aron ieron
 Preterite of verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar (Only changes in “yo” form)
 Ex: Sacar = Yo saqué
 Pagar = Yo Pagué
Car yo qué
 Empezar = Yo empecé
Gar yo gué
Zar yo cé

6.  Snake Snakey
 Stem Changers Y Changers
 Dormir: Leer:
 Dormí Leí
 Dormimos Leimos
 Dormiste Leiste
 Durmió Leyó
 Dumieron Leyeron
 Changes in 3rd Person for Snakey*.
 To write 3rd person preterite of er/ir verbs with stems ending in
vowel, change “I” to “Y”.
 All of these preterite forms require an accent except for
ustedes/ellos/ellas forms.

7.  Andar Anduv-
E
 Estar Estuv-
 Poder Pud-
 Poner Pus- Iste
 Quere Quis-
 Saber Sup- O
 Tener Tuv-
 Venir Vin- Imos
 Conducir Conduj- Isteis
 Producir Produj-
 Traducir Traduj- Ieron
 Decir Dij-
 Traer Traj-
Take off the “I”

8.  This is the preterite irregulars for dar, ver, ir, ser, and
hacer.

9.  Conjugate and pair the modal verbs with an infinitive
to get a new meaning.
 Ir + a + infinitive [Going to do something]
 Poder + infinitive [Are able to do something]
 Querer + infinitive [Want to do something]
 Deber + infinitive [Should do something]
 Tener que + infitive [To have to do something]
 Soler + infinitive [To be accustomed to]
 Necesitar + infinitive [Need to do something]

10.  Add “mente” to the end of the adjective, change to
feminine form.
 Adjective Feminine Form Adverb
Claro Clara Claramente
Dificil Dificil Dificilmente
Perfecto Perfecta Perfectamente

11.  Mucho [A lot]
 Mal [Bad]
 Ya [Already]
 Siempre [Always]
 Peor [Worse]
 Poco [Little]
 Bastante [Quite/Enough]
 Muy [Very]
 Tan [So]

12.  Present Past
 Ar = Ando Just change “estar”
 Er/Ir = Iendo - Estaba
 Yendo - Estabas
- Estaba
Ex: - Estabamos
Hablando - Estaban
Comiendo
Leyendo

13.  Will do something.
 These are irregulars:
 For non-irregulars, use endings on right:
 Decir dir- -á
 Hacer har-
 Poner pondr- - ás
 Salir saldr-
 Tener tendr- Infinitive + -á
 Valer vendr-
 Poder podr- - émos
 Querer querr-
 Saber sabr- - án

14.  Used when saying something has the “most” or least”
of something, such as an adjective.
 Más + Adjective
 [The most]
 Menos + Adjective
 [The least…]
 Ex: Carlos es el más alto. = Carlos is the tallest.
 Tito es la menos alto. = Tito is the shortest.

15.  Put in the “yo” form and change to the opposite vowel.
 Same for regular and negative.
 Ar = E
 Er/Ir = A
 Tenga
 Venga
 Dé, Diga
 Vaya
 Sea
 Haga
 Esté
 Saga

16.  Abajo = Down
 Arriba = Top
 Debajo de = Below
 Dentro de = Within
 Encima de = On top of
 Fuere de = Outside
 Izquierda = Left
 Derecha = Right
 Delante = In front of
 Detras = Behind
 Entre = Between
 Cerca = Near
 Lejos = Far

17.  Conditional is used to show future actions that were
spoken about in the past.
 Would, should, or could have.
 Ía
 Ías
 Ía
 Íamos
 Íais
 Ían
 Ex: Yo siempre dije que yo ayudaría mis amigos.
 I always said that I would help my friends.

18.  If the first “e” in any demonstrative has an accent mark, then it is a
pronoun.
 All demonstratives agree in gender and number of the noun being
modified.
 If it ends in “E” it is neuter.