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Godofredo Gresham
2nd Period
5/9/12
   3-imperfect
   4-preterite
   5-preterite: car, gar, zar
   6- preterite: spock verbs
   7- preterite- cucaracha verbs
   8- preterite: snake y snakey
   9- modal verbs
   10- adverbs
   11- progressives- past
   12- progressives- present
   13- future tense
   14-future: irregulars
   15- superlatives
   16- formal commands
   17- prepositions
   18- conditional
   19- demonstratives
   20- ordinal numbers
   The imperfect is used for past actions that are
    not seen as completed. Use of the imperfect
    tense implies that the past action did not
    have a definite beginning or a definite end.
        AR                 ER/IR
        Aba                Iba
        Abas               Ibas
        Aba                Iba
        Ábamos             Íbamos
        Aban               iban
This is used to describe what you did in the
  past.
Ex. I ate yesterday.
Yo comí ayer.
    AR                 ER/IR
    E                  I
    Aste               Iste
    O                  Io
    Amos               Imos
    Aron               ieron
-Car   -Gar   -Zar
-qué   gué    cé
aste   aste   aste
ó      ó      ó
amos   amos   amos
aron   aron   aron
Dar y Ver    Ser y Ir   Hacer
d/v: i       fui        hice
d/v: iste    fuiste     hiciste
d/v: io      fue        hizo
d/v: imos    fuimos     hicimos
d/v: ieron   fuieron    hicieron
For the preterite form of these verbs, you use the cucaracha form and then add the
 conjugated ending.


Verb                 Cucaraca Form          Verb                Cucaracha Form
Andar                Anduve-                Estar               Estuve-
Poder                Pud-                   Poner               Pus-
Quere                Quis-                  Saber               Sup-
Tener                Tuv-                   Venir               Vin-
Conducir             Conduj-                Producir            Produj-
Traducir             Traduj-                Decir               Dij-
Traer                Traj-

                               -e      -iste       -o
                               -imos   -isteis     -ieron
   It only stem changes in the 3rd person
    Dormir                          Leer
    Dormí                           Leí
    Dormimos                        Leimos
    Dormiste                        Leiste
    Durmió                          Leyó
    Dumieron                        Leyeron

               In the 3rd person preterite form of –er and
                –ir verbs with stems that end in a vowel,
                            change the I to a Y.
   For these you use the conjugated form of a
    verb and then say the infinitive
     Conjugated verb + infinitive
 In English, all adverbs end in –ly, in spanish,
  you put the adjective in the feminine form
  and ad the ending –mente.
Ex. Rapido  Rapida  Rapidamente!
In English, these have the ending –ing. In
 spanish, they differ between ar, er, and ir
 verbs.
AR  -ando
ER/IR  -iendo
EX. Trabajar  trabajando
Comer  comiendo
 This tense, EL PASADO PROGRESIVO, is used when
  you say sentences such as..
 I was working.
 Estaba trabajando. / Trabajaba
 They were studying.
 Ellos estaban estudiando ahora.
 We were selling a novel
 Estábamos vendiendo una novela.
 He was eating a lot.
 Él estaba comiendo mucho.
 She was leaving in two days.
 Estaba partiendo en dos díasor..
 partía en dos días
 Used to say “I will do something.”
Infinitive + AR(á, ás, á, emos, eis, án) or ER/IR(é,
  ás, á, emos, éis, án)
I will eat tomorrow.
Yo comeré manana.
Infinitive   Base for Conjugation
Decir        Dir-
Hacer        Har-
Poner        Pondr-
Salir        Saldr-
Tener        Tendr-
Voler        Vendr-
Podir        Podr-
Querer       Quer-
Saber        Sabr-
 definite article + noun + más (menos) +
  adjective + de
 A superlative describes something relative to
  a larger group.
Ex. Paul is the smartest boy in the class.
Paul es el chico más intelligente de la clase.
   In the Usted/Ustedes form, you put it in the
    yo form and change it to a feminine form.
   Ex. Trabajar  Trabajo  Trabaja
   Usted, trabaja en el proyecto por favor.
   Abajo: below     Prepositions are
   Arriba: above    used to describe
   Debajo: under    where something is
                     comparatively to
   Dentro: inside   something else.
   Encima: abpove
   Fuera: outside
   Cerca: near
   Lejos: far
   Detras: behind
 Used to tell how something could/would have
  happened.
Ar     Er      Ir
hablar comer vivir
hablaría comería viviría
hablarías comerías vivirías
hablaría comería viviría
hablaríamos comeríamos viviríamos
hablaríais comeríais viviríais
hablarían comerían vivirían
   These are used to help describe which object
    somebody is talking about That Over There
      This        That
      Este        Ese         Aquel
      Esta        Esa         Aquella
      These       Those       Those Over There
      Estos       Esos        Aquellos
      Estas       Esas        Aquellas
   1st: primero
   2nd: segundo
   3rd: tercero
   4th: cuarto
   5th: quinto
   6th: sexto
   7th: septimo
   8th: octavo
   9th: noveno
   10th: Decimo

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Libro de gramatica

  • 2. 3-imperfect  4-preterite  5-preterite: car, gar, zar  6- preterite: spock verbs  7- preterite- cucaracha verbs  8- preterite: snake y snakey  9- modal verbs  10- adverbs  11- progressives- past  12- progressives- present  13- future tense  14-future: irregulars  15- superlatives  16- formal commands  17- prepositions  18- conditional  19- demonstratives  20- ordinal numbers
  • 3. The imperfect is used for past actions that are not seen as completed. Use of the imperfect tense implies that the past action did not have a definite beginning or a definite end. AR ER/IR Aba Iba Abas Ibas Aba Iba Ábamos Íbamos Aban iban
  • 4. This is used to describe what you did in the past. Ex. I ate yesterday. Yo comí ayer. AR ER/IR E I Aste Iste O Io Amos Imos Aron ieron
  • 5. -Car -Gar -Zar -qué gué cé aste aste aste ó ó ó amos amos amos aron aron aron
  • 6. Dar y Ver Ser y Ir Hacer d/v: i fui hice d/v: iste fuiste hiciste d/v: io fue hizo d/v: imos fuimos hicimos d/v: ieron fuieron hicieron
  • 7. For the preterite form of these verbs, you use the cucaracha form and then add the conjugated ending. Verb Cucaraca Form Verb Cucaracha Form Andar Anduve- Estar Estuve- Poder Pud- Poner Pus- Quere Quis- Saber Sup- Tener Tuv- Venir Vin- Conducir Conduj- Producir Produj- Traducir Traduj- Decir Dij- Traer Traj- -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron
  • 8. It only stem changes in the 3rd person Dormir Leer Dormí Leí Dormimos Leimos Dormiste Leiste Durmió Leyó Dumieron Leyeron In the 3rd person preterite form of –er and –ir verbs with stems that end in a vowel, change the I to a Y.
  • 9. For these you use the conjugated form of a verb and then say the infinitive  Conjugated verb + infinitive
  • 10.  In English, all adverbs end in –ly, in spanish, you put the adjective in the feminine form and ad the ending –mente. Ex. Rapido  Rapida  Rapidamente!
  • 11. In English, these have the ending –ing. In spanish, they differ between ar, er, and ir verbs. AR  -ando ER/IR  -iendo EX. Trabajar  trabajando Comer  comiendo
  • 12.  This tense, EL PASADO PROGRESIVO, is used when you say sentences such as..  I was working.  Estaba trabajando. / Trabajaba  They were studying.  Ellos estaban estudiando ahora.  We were selling a novel  Estábamos vendiendo una novela.  He was eating a lot.  Él estaba comiendo mucho.  She was leaving in two days.  Estaba partiendo en dos díasor..  partía en dos días
  • 13.  Used to say “I will do something.” Infinitive + AR(á, ás, á, emos, eis, án) or ER/IR(é, ás, á, emos, éis, án) I will eat tomorrow. Yo comeré manana.
  • 14. Infinitive Base for Conjugation Decir Dir- Hacer Har- Poner Pondr- Salir Saldr- Tener Tendr- Voler Vendr- Podir Podr- Querer Quer- Saber Sabr-
  • 15.  definite article + noun + más (menos) + adjective + de  A superlative describes something relative to a larger group. Ex. Paul is the smartest boy in the class. Paul es el chico más intelligente de la clase.
  • 16. In the Usted/Ustedes form, you put it in the yo form and change it to a feminine form.  Ex. Trabajar  Trabajo  Trabaja  Usted, trabaja en el proyecto por favor.
  • 17. Abajo: below Prepositions are  Arriba: above used to describe  Debajo: under where something is comparatively to  Dentro: inside something else.  Encima: abpove  Fuera: outside  Cerca: near  Lejos: far  Detras: behind
  • 18.  Used to tell how something could/would have happened. Ar Er Ir hablar comer vivir hablaría comería viviría hablarías comerías vivirías hablaría comería viviría hablaríamos comeríamos viviríamos hablaríais comeríais viviríais hablarían comerían vivirían
  • 19. These are used to help describe which object somebody is talking about That Over There This That Este Ese Aquel Esta Esa Aquella These Those Those Over There Estos Esos Aquellos Estas Esas Aquellas
  • 20. 1st: primero  2nd: segundo  3rd: tercero  4th: cuarto  5th: quinto  6th: sexto  7th: septimo  8th: octavo  9th: noveno  10th: Decimo