Yum is a package management system that allows users to install, update, and remove software packages on Linux systems. It works by maintaining a local database of installed packages and their dependencies. The yum command can be used to install packages and automatically handle dependencies, update all or specific installed packages to newer versions, and remove packages. It provides a consistent interface for managing software packages across different Linux distributions.
Linux directory structure by jitu mistryJITU MISTRY
in this ppt there are talkin about the Linux directory structure. special focus on the why we have such type of directory and that is explain slide by slide
Users and groups are used on GNU/Linux for access control that is, to control access to the system's files, directories, and peripherals. Linux offers relatively simple/coarse access control mechanisms by default.
Here, you can learn all information about Shell Script.
1. What is Shell Script?
2. Types of Shell Script.
3. Use of Shell Script.
4. Command line of Shell Script.
5. Example of Shell Script.
Linux directory structure by jitu mistryJITU MISTRY
in this ppt there are talkin about the Linux directory structure. special focus on the why we have such type of directory and that is explain slide by slide
Users and groups are used on GNU/Linux for access control that is, to control access to the system's files, directories, and peripherals. Linux offers relatively simple/coarse access control mechanisms by default.
Here, you can learn all information about Shell Script.
1. What is Shell Script?
2. Types of Shell Script.
3. Use of Shell Script.
4. Command line of Shell Script.
5. Example of Shell Script.
Shell: A Command-Line Interpretor that connects a user to Operating System and allows to execute the commands or by creating text script.
Process: Any task that a user run in the system is called a process. A process is little more complex than just a task.
File: It resides on hard disk (hdd) and contains data owned by a user.
X-windows aka windows: A mode of Linux where screen (monitor) can be split in small “parts” called windows, that allow a user to do several things at the same time and/or switch from one task to another easily and view graphics in a nice way.
Text terminal: A monitor that has only the capability of displaying text stuff, no graphics or a very basic graphics display.
Session: Time between logging on and logging out of the system.
Shell: A Command-Line Interpretor that connects a user to Operating System and allows to execute the commands or by creating text script.
Process: Any task that a user run in the system is called a process. A process is little more complex than just a task.
File: It resides on hard disk (hdd) and contains data owned by a user.
X-windows aka windows: A mode of Linux where screen (monitor) can be split in small “parts” called windows, that allow a user to do several things at the same time and/or switch from one task to another easily and view graphics in a nice way.
Text terminal: A monitor that has only the capability of displaying text stuff, no graphics or a very basic graphics display.
Session: Time between logging on and logging out of the system.
This is the document which explain the step by step procedure to upgrade PowerVC from 1.3.0.2 to 1.3.2.0. I've added useful information in the documents.
Free and Open Source Software distributions raise difficult problems both for distribution editors and system administrators. Distributions evolve rapidly by integrating new versions of software packages that are independently developed. System upgrades may proceed on different paths depending on the current state of a system and the available software packages, and system administrators are faced with choices of upgrade paths, and possibly with failing upgrades.
Mancoosi develops mechanisms that provide for rollbacks of failed upgrade attempts, allowing the system administrator to revert the system to the state before the upgrade, and better algorithms and tools to plan upgrade paths based on various information sources about software packages and on optimization criteria.
The consortium as a whole is entirely committed to the free software movement, and the project sets up virtuous cycles associating users, industry and researchers that will outlive the project itself.
Mancoosi is a European research project in the 7th Research Framework Programme (FP7) of the European Commission, which has started February 1st, 2008, and has a duration of 3 years.
Images of 1st, 2nd and 6th belong to DreamWorks Animation
Image of K Computer belongs to Fujitsu.
Presentation made not for commercial use, but educational.
OSGi provisioning deep dive and demo (Subsystems, Repository, Contracts and m...mfrancis
This presentation takes a closer look at deploying OSGi-based applications using OSGi Subsystems and OSGi Repositories. You will see how you to package multi-bundle applications as a subsystem, deploy them and use repositories to handle dependencies. Additionally the talk explains the need for OSGi Contracts, especially in the context of APIs such as Servlets or other JavaEE APIs. A large part of the presentation is a demo that shows subsystems and repositories in action using open source technology.
Bio:
David Bosschaert works for Adobe Research and Development. He spends the much of his time on technology relating to OSGi in Apache and other open source projects. He is also co-chair of the OSGi Enterprise Expert Group and an active participant in the OSGi Cloud efforts.
Yum is known as Red Hat package manager, use to get information about available packages, fetch packages from repositories.
It is also used to install and uninstall packages and update single packages as well as an entire system with the latest available version.
Yum package manager is top-rated in Red Hat-based Linux distribution to install and update packages as it automatically resolves the dependency while install, remove or update packages and install them properly.
Yum having capabilities to be configured with new and additional repositories, source of packages, and having many plug-ins to enhance and extend capabilities of its features.
Read this document in html here: https://linuxconcept.com/yum-package-manager-a-complete-guide/
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. A software package, or simply package, is the collection of scripts, programs, files, and
directories required to install and run an application, utility, server, or system software.
A package also includes a list of other packages the package depends on (dependencies). Using
software packages makes it easier to install, update, and uninstall software.
A package contains either executable files or source code files. Executable files are precompiled
for a specific processor architecture and operating system, whereas source files need to be
compiled but will run on a wide range of machines and operating systems.
3. A PMS, or package management system, is a set of utilities that allow you to install, upgrade,
remove, and search software packages easily and in a consistent manner. It is based on a local
database that holds information about each installed package, including its dependencies and
version information.
4. PackageKit (www.packagekit.org) is a front end for several PMSs, providing a uniform interface.
Fedora, Kubuntu, and SUSE use PackageKit. The gnome-packagekit package holds graphical tools
designed for the GNOME desktop; each of these tools is named gpk*.
/etc/yum.repos.d
5. The following example calls yum to install the tcsh shell, which is part of the tcsh package. After yum
determines what it needs to do, it asks for confirmation. Reply y if you want to continue or n to quit.
# yum install tcsh
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tcsh.i686 0:6.17-15.fc15 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
6. ================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
tcsh i686 6.17-15.fc15 updates-testing 403 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 403 k
Installed size: 1.1 M
7. Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Setting up and reading Presto delta metadata
Processing delta metadata
Package(s) data still to download: 403 k
tcsh-6.17-15.fc15.i686.rpm | 403 kB 00:01
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : tcsh-6.17-15.fc15.i686 1/1
Installed:
tcsh.i686 0:6.17-15.fc15
Complete!
8. Automatically Installs dependencies
The next command installs the ypbind (NIS) package. Because this package depends
on other packages that are not installed (rpcbind and yp-tools), yum lists the package
under Installing for dependencies and installs them automatically. The yum utility
asks for confirmation before installing the packages.
9. # yum install ypbind
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ypbind.i686 3:1.32-5.fc15 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: yp-tools for package: 3:ypbind-1.32-5.fc15.i686
--> Processing Dependency: rpcbind for package: 3:ypbind-1.32-5.fc15.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rpcbind.i686 0:0.2.0-10.fc15 will be installed
---> Package yp-tools.i686 0:2.12-4.fc15 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
10. ================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
ypbind i686 3:1.32-5.fc15 fedora 55 k
Installing for dependencies:
rpcbind i686 0.2.0-10.fc15 fedora 47 k
yp-tools i686 2.12-4.fc15 fedora 69 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 171 k
Installed size: 345 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
11. yum remove You can also use yum to remove packages, using a similar syntax. The following
example removes the tcsh package:
# yum remove tcsh
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tcsh.i686 0:6.17-15.fc15 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
13. Installed size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Erasing : tcsh-6.17-15.fc15.i6861/1
Removed:
tcsh.i686 0:6.17-15.fc15
Complete!
Automatically
removes
dependencies
When yum removes a package, it also removes packages that are dependent on the
package it is removing. The followingexample removes ypbind and its dependency,
yp-tools.It does not remove rpcbindbecause another installed package might
depend on rpcbind.
14. # yum remove ypbind
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ypbind.i686 3:1.32-5.fc15 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: ypbind for package: yp-tools-2.12-4.fc15.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yp-tools.i686 0:2.12-4.fc15 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
16. Finding the Package That Holds an
Application or File You Need
Finding a package with a name that sounds like...
The yum search command (next page) searches package names, descriptions, and summaries.
The yum list command (next page) searches package names only.
$ yum whatprovides "*X11/Xlib.h"
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
...
libX11-devel-1.4.2-1.fc15.i686 : Development files for libX11
Repo : fedora
Matched from:
Filename : /usr/include/X11/Xlib.h
17. The most likely candidate is the entry shown in the preceding example, which is the
most generic. You can install this package using the following command:
# yum install libX11-devel
yum search The yum search command searches for a string in the package description,
summary,
and name fields. The following example searches for packages that have the string
vim in these fields:
18. $ yum search vim
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
updates-testing/pkgtags | 44 kB 00:00
=============================== N/S Matched: vim ===============================
glusterfs-vim.i686 : Vim syntax file
perl-Text-VimColor.noarch : Syntax color text in HTML or XML using Vim
uzbl-vim.i686 : Vim highlighting for uzbl's config
vim-X11.i686 : The VIM version of the vi editor for the X Window System
vim-clustershell.noarch : VIM files for ClusterShell
vim-common.i686 : The common files needed by any version of the VIM editor
19. The yum list command searches for a package name field that matches a string.
Specify list available without an argument to list all packages that can be installed
from the yum repositories. The following example searches for packages whose
name fields match the string *emacs*:
21. yum: Keeps the System Up-to-Date
This section continues to describe yum. It covers updating installed packages, yum
commands and groups, downloading RPM package files, configuring yum, and
adding a repository specification. Refer to yum.baseurl.org for more information.
22. Updating Packages
The yum update command, without additional parameters, updates all installed packages.
# yum update
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Update Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gnome-games.i686 1:2.91.93-1.fc15 will be updated
---> Package gnome-games.i686 1:2.91.94-0.20110331.1.fc15 will be an update
---> Package xorg-x11-server-Xorg.i686 0:1.10.0-3.fc15 will be updated
---> Package xorg-x11-server-Xorg.i686 0:1.10.0-7.fc15 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
23. ================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Updating:
gnome-games i686 1:2.91.94-0.20110331.1.fc15 updates-testing 2.4 M
xorg-x11-server-Xorg i686 1.10.0-7.fc15 updates-testing 1.4 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Upgrade 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 3.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
24. Setting up and reading Presto delta metadata
Processing delta metadata
Download delta size: 1.2 M
(1/2): gnome-games-2.91.93-1.fc15_2.91.94-0.20110331.1.f| 341 kB 00:02
(2/2): xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.10.0-3.fc15_1.10.0-7.fc15. | 870 kB 00:06
Finishing rebuild of rpms, from deltarpms
<delta rebuild> | 3.8 MB 00:02
Presto reduced the update size by 69% (from 3.8 M to 1.2 M).
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : 1:gnome-games-2.91.94-0.20110331.1.fc15.i6861/4
Updating : xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.10.0-7.fc15.i686 2/4
Cleanup : 1:gnome-games-2.91.93-1.fc15.i6863/4
Cleanup : xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.10.0-3.fc15.i6864/4
Updated:
gnome-games.i6861:2.91.94-0.20110331.1.fc15
xorg-x11-server-Xorg.i6860:1.10.0-7.fc15
Complete!
25.
26. yum Commands
This section describes a few commonly used yum commands. The yum man page contains a complete
list.
check Reports on problems in the local RPM database.
check-update Lists packages that are installed on the local system and have updates available in the
yum repositories.
clean all Removes header files that yum uses for resolving dependencies. Also removes cached
packages. However, because yum removes packages after they have been installed, typically no
cached packages exist
clean metadata Removes the files yum uses to determine remote package availability. Using this
command forces yum to download all metadata the next time you run it.
grouplist Lists yum groups (next).
groupinfo group Lists information about the yum group named group (next).
groupinstall group Installs the packages in the yum group named group (next).
27. info word Displays information about packages in the yum repositories named word. Specify
word as "*word*" to search for word anywhere in the package name.
list word Lists packages in the yum repositories whose name is word. Specify word as
"*word*" to search for word anywhere in the package name. See page 538 for an
example.
list available Lists all packages that can be installed from the yum repositories. Use a pipe and
grep to search for packages (e.g., yum list available | grep samba).
provides Same as whatprovides.
search word Lists packages in the yum repositories that have word in their descriptions, summaries,
or names. See page 538 for an example.
whatprovides word
Searches repositories and displays a list of packages that provides a feature or file
that matches word. Specify word as "*word*"
28. yum Groups
In addition to working with single packages, yum can work with groups of packages.
The next example shows how to display a list of installed and available groups:
$ yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Group Process
Installed Groups:
Administration Tools
Dial-up Networking Support Fonts
29. GNOME Desktop Environment
...
Window Managers
X Window System
Installed Language Groups:
Arabic Support [ar]
Armenian Support [hy]
AvailableGroups:
...
MySQL Database
...
Done
The command yum groupinfo followed by the name of a group displays information
about the group, includinga description of the group and a list of mandatory,
default, and optional packages. The next example displays information
about the MySQL Database group of packages. You must quote group names
that include SPACEs.
30. # yum groupinfo "MySQL Database"
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Group Process
Group: MySQL Database
Description: This package group contains packages useful for use with MySQL.
Mandatory Packages:
mysql
Default Packages:
MySQL-python
libdbi-dbd-mysql
mysql-connector-odbc
mysql-server
perl-DBD-MySQL
unixODBC
32. Downloading RPM Package Files with
yumdownloader
The yumdownloader utility (yum-utils package) locates and downloads—but does
not install—RPM files. Because it does not install software, you do not need to
work with root privileges to run it; you need only permission to write to the
working directory
33. The following example downloads the samba RPM file to the working directory:
$ yumdownloader samba
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
samba-3.6.0-64pre1.fc15.1.i686.rpm | 4.5 MB 00:04
Downloading
source files
You can use yumdownloader with the ––source option to download RPM source
package files. The yumdownloader utility automatically enables the necessary source
repositories. See page 586 for an example that downloads in the working directory
the RPM file for the latest version of the kernel source code for the release installed
on the local system. Without the ––source option, yumdownloader would have
downloaded an executable RPM file. See page 551 for information on installing this
type of file.
34. yum.conf: Configures yum
You do not need to configure yum: As installed, it is ready to use. This section
describes the yum configuration files for users who want to modify them. The primary
configuration file, /etc/yum.conf, holds global settings. As distributed with
Fedora/RHEL, files in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory define repositories. Following
is the default yum.conf file:
36. The section labeled [main] defines global configuration options. The cachedir specifies
the directory where yum stores downloaded packages, although with keepcache
set to 0, yum does not store these packages after installing them. The amount of
information logged is specified by debuglevel, with a value of 10 producing the
most information. The logfile specifies where yum keeps its log.
Setting exactarch to 1 causes yum to update packages only with packages of the
same architecture, thereby preventing an i686 package from replacing an i386
package, for example. You can use retries to specify the number of times yum will
try to retrieve a file before returning an error (the default is 6). Set this parameter to
0 to cause yum to continue trying forever.
37. yum Repositories
As noted in /etc/yum.conf, Fedora/RHEL stores information about each repository
in a separate file in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory:
$ ls /etc/yum.repos.d
fedora.repo fedora-updates.repo fedora-updates-testing.repo
38. The next example shows part of the fedora.repo file that specifies the parameters
for the fedora repository:
$ cat /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo
[fedora]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch
failovermethod=priority
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/os/
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=fedora-$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
#metadata_expire=7d
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$basearch