This document summarizes key aspects of adolescent development between the ages of 10-19. It outlines the biological, cognitive, and social/emotional challenges adolescents face. Biologically, adolescents experience puberty and growth spurts. Cognitively, their brains are still developing important functions like decision making. Socially and emotionally, adolescents navigate developing identities, intimacy, and relationships while being influenced by peers and environment. The document also notes some problem behaviors but emphasizes that positive development and risk taking can also be normal parts of exploring one's independence during this phase of life.
Adolescents are between the ages of 10-19 years old and number around 40.7 million in the United States. During this time, they experience significant biological, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Biologically, they experience growth spurts and the onset of puberty. Cognitively, their brains develop the ability for abstract thought and logical reasoning. Socially and emotionally, they develop their identity and social skills while relating to peers and navigating intimacy in relationships. Their development is influenced by their environment, including family, peers, school, community, and media. While this period involves some risk-taking behaviors, it is a normal part of exploring independence and decision-making abilities during this transitional stage of life
Adolescents are between the ages of 10-19 years old and number around 40.7 million in the United States. During this time, they experience significant biological, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Biologically, they experience growth spurts and the onset of puberty. Cognitively, their brains develop the ability for abstract thought and logical reasoning. Socially and emotionally, they develop their identity and social skills while relating to peers and navigating intimacy in relationships. Their development is influenced by their environment, including families, schools, communities, and media exposure. Both positive and problematic behaviors can emerge during this period of transition to adulthood.
This chapter discusses social and personality development in preschool-aged children. It covers the development of self-understanding and sense of self, including Erikson's psychosocial stage of initiative vs. guilt from ages 3 to 6. The chapter also summarizes preschoolers' developing awareness of gender, race, ethnicity, and friendships. Parenting styles and their influence are examined, as well as types of child abuse and theories of moral development from Piaget and social learning approaches. The impact of television violence on children is also briefly discussed.
1. Psychosocial development in middle childhood involves developing feelings of industry through mastery or feelings of inferiority through failure and withdrawal.
2. Children's views of themselves become more differentiated and their self-esteem and self-efficacy often increase during this period.
3. Friendships become increasingly important and influence children's development through providing companionship, stimulation and other functions. Popular children tend to be socially competent while bullies often have issues at home.
This document discusses several topics related to social and personality development in adolescence including identity formation, self-concept, relationships with peers and family, sexuality, dating, and risk-taking behaviors. Key aspects addressed are Erikson's psychosocial stages of identity vs role confusion, influences on self-esteem, types of peer groups, causes of juvenile delinquency, trends in adolescent sexual behavior, factors affecting teen pregnancy rates, and sexual orientation identity development.
Early childhood is a time of significant social, emotional, and cognitive development. Children develop social skills through play and interactions with parents, siblings, and peers. Warm parenting that includes affection and reasoning is linked to better social-emotional outcomes in children. Gender roles and differences in behavior begin to emerge in early childhood as children learn from social models and develop gender identity and constancy. Theories suggest both biological factors like brain organization and social influences contribute to the development of gender differences.
1) Theories of social and emotional development in middle childhood focus on children developing skills and either a sense of competence or inferiority. Schools play an important role through teacher expectations, classroom environment, and peer relationships.
2) Social and emotional problems can include conduct disorders, depression, and anxiety which are treated through parenting programs, therapy, and medication if needed. Most children overcome challenges and are prepared for adolescence.
3) Peer relationships become important for social learning and friendship development, while schools aim to foster success through high expectations and support of all students.
Adolescence involves significant physical, cognitive, and emotional development. Physically, puberty begins, marked by a growth spurt and development of secondary sex characteristics. Cognitively, while logical thought emerges, most adolescents cannot think formally in all situations and can be egocentric, believing they are unique and the center of attention. Emotionally, adolescents experience more frequent and intense mood swings than older individuals.
Adolescents are between the ages of 10-19 years old and number around 40.7 million in the United States. During this time, they experience significant biological, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Biologically, they experience growth spurts and the onset of puberty. Cognitively, their brains develop the ability for abstract thought and logical reasoning. Socially and emotionally, they develop their identity and social skills while relating to peers and navigating intimacy in relationships. Their development is influenced by their environment, including family, peers, school, community, and media. While this period involves some risk-taking behaviors, it is a normal part of exploring independence and decision-making abilities during this transitional stage of life
Adolescents are between the ages of 10-19 years old and number around 40.7 million in the United States. During this time, they experience significant biological, cognitive, and social/emotional development. Biologically, they experience growth spurts and the onset of puberty. Cognitively, their brains develop the ability for abstract thought and logical reasoning. Socially and emotionally, they develop their identity and social skills while relating to peers and navigating intimacy in relationships. Their development is influenced by their environment, including families, schools, communities, and media exposure. Both positive and problematic behaviors can emerge during this period of transition to adulthood.
This chapter discusses social and personality development in preschool-aged children. It covers the development of self-understanding and sense of self, including Erikson's psychosocial stage of initiative vs. guilt from ages 3 to 6. The chapter also summarizes preschoolers' developing awareness of gender, race, ethnicity, and friendships. Parenting styles and their influence are examined, as well as types of child abuse and theories of moral development from Piaget and social learning approaches. The impact of television violence on children is also briefly discussed.
1. Psychosocial development in middle childhood involves developing feelings of industry through mastery or feelings of inferiority through failure and withdrawal.
2. Children's views of themselves become more differentiated and their self-esteem and self-efficacy often increase during this period.
3. Friendships become increasingly important and influence children's development through providing companionship, stimulation and other functions. Popular children tend to be socially competent while bullies often have issues at home.
This document discusses several topics related to social and personality development in adolescence including identity formation, self-concept, relationships with peers and family, sexuality, dating, and risk-taking behaviors. Key aspects addressed are Erikson's psychosocial stages of identity vs role confusion, influences on self-esteem, types of peer groups, causes of juvenile delinquency, trends in adolescent sexual behavior, factors affecting teen pregnancy rates, and sexual orientation identity development.
Early childhood is a time of significant social, emotional, and cognitive development. Children develop social skills through play and interactions with parents, siblings, and peers. Warm parenting that includes affection and reasoning is linked to better social-emotional outcomes in children. Gender roles and differences in behavior begin to emerge in early childhood as children learn from social models and develop gender identity and constancy. Theories suggest both biological factors like brain organization and social influences contribute to the development of gender differences.
1) Theories of social and emotional development in middle childhood focus on children developing skills and either a sense of competence or inferiority. Schools play an important role through teacher expectations, classroom environment, and peer relationships.
2) Social and emotional problems can include conduct disorders, depression, and anxiety which are treated through parenting programs, therapy, and medication if needed. Most children overcome challenges and are prepared for adolescence.
3) Peer relationships become important for social learning and friendship development, while schools aim to foster success through high expectations and support of all students.
Adolescence involves significant physical, cognitive, and emotional development. Physically, puberty begins, marked by a growth spurt and development of secondary sex characteristics. Cognitively, while logical thought emerges, most adolescents cannot think formally in all situations and can be egocentric, believing they are unique and the center of attention. Emotionally, adolescents experience more frequent and intense mood swings than older individuals.
lecture 23 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes cognitive development, moral development
This document summarizes key aspects of adolescent development from physical, cognitive, and socioemotional perspectives. Physically, puberty brings rapid biological changes through increased hormones. Cognitively, the brain continues developing with advances in abstract thinking. Socioemotionally, adolescents form identities and navigate relationships with families and peers while confronting developmental tasks of autonomy and independence.
Gender roles are developed from a young age through several cognitive concepts as children learn behaviors and attitudes from their home environment and social experiences. Children begin developing their gender identity between 9 months and 3 years old, their understanding of gender stability emerges at age 4, and they grasp the concept of gender consistency between ages 4 to 5. Gender roles adopted in childhood often continue into adulthood as children associate gender with certain tasks, possessions, personality traits, and stereotypes from ages 3 to 5. Gender roles are shaped by family, society, media, and culture.
This document summarizes key aspects of social and personality development in preschool-aged children. It discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of autonomy vs shame/doubt and initiative vs guilt. Children develop a sense of self and begin to understand gender, racial, and cultural identities. Friendships and play become increasingly important as children interact more with peers and the world. Parenting styles like authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and uninvolved influence child outcomes.
challenges for children in making their careernamita chandra
This document discusses the stages of career orientation in children from early childhood to late adolescence. It notes that in adolescence, children experience simultaneous changes physically, sexually, emotionally, and psychosocially. The document outlines major challenges children face, including physical, mental health, and social problems. It emphasizes involving children in career decisions and exploring their thoughts and interests through open communication. Parents and teachers are encouraged to provide guidance to help children choose educational and career paths.
1) Adolescence is a time of identity development as teens explore different roles and values to determine who they are. Erikson's stages of identity development are examined. 2) Relationships with peers become increasingly important as teens spend more time with friends and seek acceptance. Dating and romantic relationships also begin to emerge. 3) Challenges like struggles with identity, relationships, school, and family can lead to problems like delinquency, depression, and in serious cases, suicide. Risk factors and preventative measures are discussed.
This document discusses development in late childhood between ages 8-12. It covers physical, cognitive, emotional, social and moral development. Key points include the importance of developing skills like reading/writing, socializing with peers, gaining independence, and developing a strong sense of self through interests, personality and relationships with family. The document also outlines potential psychological and physical hazards to watch for during this stage of growth.
The document discusses social and psychological development in middle childhood from ages 6 to 12. Key topics covered include identity development, self-esteem, friendships, gender differences, family structures, and social skills. Children develop more complex self-concepts and compare themselves to peers. Their self-esteem generally increases, though some groups face challenges. Friendships become more important and are influenced by gender and social competence. Family structures are increasingly diverse.
This chapter discusses social development in preschool-aged children. It covers how children develop their self-concept, gender identity, and sense of morality during this period. Children learn to engage in social relationships with peers and begin to understand other people's perspectives. The chapter also examines parenting styles, play behaviors, aggression, and cultural differences in child-rearing practices during the preschool years.
The document discusses several key topics in social and personality development in infancy, including:
1) Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety emerge between 6-14 months as infants develop social bonds and ability to recognize familiar people.
2) Facial expressions and ability to interpret emotions develops between 4-7 months as infants learn social cues.
3) Theory of mind roots emerge around age 2 as infants start to understand others' behaviors and beliefs.
4) Attachment styles form through interactions with caregivers and impact later relationships. Sensitive caregiving promotes secure attachment.
The document discusses cognitive development in adolescence from several perspectives. It covers Piaget's stages of formal operations occurring around ages 11-15, involving abstract and hypothetical reasoning. The information processing view looks at improvements in attention, memory, processing speed and metacognition. Adolescents also experience imaginary audiences and see their experiences as unique personal fables. Socioeconomic status influences school performance, with poverty linked to lower achievement.
This chapter discusses cognitive development in teenagers. It covers intellectual development including formal operations and abstract thinking. It examines perspectives on cognitive development like Piaget's stages of development and information processing. It also discusses moral development theories from Kohlberg and Gilligan. Additionally, it covers school performance factors like socioeconomic status, ethnicity, gender, and achievement testing.
This document provides an overview of topics related to family and parenting from a lifespan developmental perspective. It discusses traditional and modern family structures, attachment styles in early childhood, romantic relationships and marriage, parenting styles and their influence on child outcomes, challenges faced by single parents, cohabitating couples, and LGBTQ families, as well as the effects of divorce and adoption on children. Key concepts covered include Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, reciprocal socialization between parents and children, and influences on parenting such as culture and sociohistorical context.
This document discusses Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development in middle childhood between ages 6-11. According to Erikson, children develop competence through industry or a sense of inferiority. Their self-concept and self-esteem are influenced by social comparisons, cognitive development, and parental support. During this stage, children's peer relationships grow more complex as they join peer groups and form close friendships. How children perceive their academic, social, and physical abilities can impact their self-esteem and achievement attributions. Family relationships and dynamics also influence children's development, including experiences of divorce. Gender identity and conformity to roles emerge as children compare themselves to same-sex peers.
The document discusses cognitive and moral development during adolescence as well as career development. It covers Piaget's theory of formal operational reasoning emerging around age 11, information processing abilities reaching adult levels, and Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning. It also discusses Gilligan's view of an ethic of care, promoting moral reasoning through discussion, and theories about career development involving identity and personality matching to jobs. Adolescents commonly work part-time jobs which can negatively impact school performance and health.
Adolescence involves significant physical, cognitive, and social changes. Puberty is driven by hormonal changes that trigger physical maturation including growth spurts and development of primary and secondary sex characteristics. Cognitively, adolescents develop formal operational thought including hypothetical thinking and sophisticated use of symbols. Socially, peer relationships become important and school transitions can be challenging. Adolescents navigate changes in relationships, identity, and morality.
This document discusses several key topics regarding adolescent development:
1) It explores the development of identity and self-esteem in adolescents, and how factors like gender, socioeconomic status, and race can influence this.
2) Adolescent mental health issues like depression and suicide are examined, noting their prevalence among this age group.
3) Relationships with family, peers, and romantic partners are covered, along with social influences and challenges during this life stage.
4) Sexual development milestones, orientations, and health issues are overviewed.
Provide honest information to their
questions, and listen without judgment. Help
them understand this as a normal developmental
process. Plan co-ed activities to allow socializing.
challenges for children in making their careernamita chandra
This document discusses the stages of career orientation in children from early childhood to late adolescence. It notes that in adolescence, children experience simultaneous changes physically, sexually, emotionally, and psychosocially. The document outlines major challenges children face, including physical, mental health, and social problems. It emphasizes involving children in career decisions and exploring their thoughts and interests through open communication. Parents and teachers are encouraged to provide guidance to help children choose educational and career paths.
This document provides an overview of growth and development theories as they relate to learners. It discusses Piaget's stages of cognitive development including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages. It also summarizes Freud's psychosexual stages of oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stages. Additionally, Erikson's psychosocial stages are outlined including trust vs mistrust through infancy, autonomy vs shame/doubt in early childhood, and identity vs role confusion in adolescence. Key theorists and their stages/conflicts are summarized to provide context on understanding learner growth and development.
GTP-Module 1 Boy or Girl - Does it Matter Slide Deck.pptxMohanVankudoth
- Parents are the primary agents of socializing children, including gender socialization, but they often unconsciously transmit harmful gender norms and stereotypes learned from their own upbringing and society.
- Gender socialization begins at birth and teaches children to internalize societal expectations about how girls and boys should act and think, privileging masculinity; this process can limit children's development and well-being.
- To promote children's rights and fulfill their potential, professionals must support parents in examining their own gender biases and practicing gender-transformative parenting that provides equitable opportunities for all children.
lecture 23 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes cognitive development, moral development
This document summarizes key aspects of adolescent development from physical, cognitive, and socioemotional perspectives. Physically, puberty brings rapid biological changes through increased hormones. Cognitively, the brain continues developing with advances in abstract thinking. Socioemotionally, adolescents form identities and navigate relationships with families and peers while confronting developmental tasks of autonomy and independence.
Gender roles are developed from a young age through several cognitive concepts as children learn behaviors and attitudes from their home environment and social experiences. Children begin developing their gender identity between 9 months and 3 years old, their understanding of gender stability emerges at age 4, and they grasp the concept of gender consistency between ages 4 to 5. Gender roles adopted in childhood often continue into adulthood as children associate gender with certain tasks, possessions, personality traits, and stereotypes from ages 3 to 5. Gender roles are shaped by family, society, media, and culture.
This document summarizes key aspects of social and personality development in preschool-aged children. It discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of autonomy vs shame/doubt and initiative vs guilt. Children develop a sense of self and begin to understand gender, racial, and cultural identities. Friendships and play become increasingly important as children interact more with peers and the world. Parenting styles like authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and uninvolved influence child outcomes.
challenges for children in making their careernamita chandra
This document discusses the stages of career orientation in children from early childhood to late adolescence. It notes that in adolescence, children experience simultaneous changes physically, sexually, emotionally, and psychosocially. The document outlines major challenges children face, including physical, mental health, and social problems. It emphasizes involving children in career decisions and exploring their thoughts and interests through open communication. Parents and teachers are encouraged to provide guidance to help children choose educational and career paths.
1) Adolescence is a time of identity development as teens explore different roles and values to determine who they are. Erikson's stages of identity development are examined. 2) Relationships with peers become increasingly important as teens spend more time with friends and seek acceptance. Dating and romantic relationships also begin to emerge. 3) Challenges like struggles with identity, relationships, school, and family can lead to problems like delinquency, depression, and in serious cases, suicide. Risk factors and preventative measures are discussed.
This document discusses development in late childhood between ages 8-12. It covers physical, cognitive, emotional, social and moral development. Key points include the importance of developing skills like reading/writing, socializing with peers, gaining independence, and developing a strong sense of self through interests, personality and relationships with family. The document also outlines potential psychological and physical hazards to watch for during this stage of growth.
The document discusses social and psychological development in middle childhood from ages 6 to 12. Key topics covered include identity development, self-esteem, friendships, gender differences, family structures, and social skills. Children develop more complex self-concepts and compare themselves to peers. Their self-esteem generally increases, though some groups face challenges. Friendships become more important and are influenced by gender and social competence. Family structures are increasingly diverse.
This chapter discusses social development in preschool-aged children. It covers how children develop their self-concept, gender identity, and sense of morality during this period. Children learn to engage in social relationships with peers and begin to understand other people's perspectives. The chapter also examines parenting styles, play behaviors, aggression, and cultural differences in child-rearing practices during the preschool years.
The document discusses several key topics in social and personality development in infancy, including:
1) Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety emerge between 6-14 months as infants develop social bonds and ability to recognize familiar people.
2) Facial expressions and ability to interpret emotions develops between 4-7 months as infants learn social cues.
3) Theory of mind roots emerge around age 2 as infants start to understand others' behaviors and beliefs.
4) Attachment styles form through interactions with caregivers and impact later relationships. Sensitive caregiving promotes secure attachment.
The document discusses cognitive development in adolescence from several perspectives. It covers Piaget's stages of formal operations occurring around ages 11-15, involving abstract and hypothetical reasoning. The information processing view looks at improvements in attention, memory, processing speed and metacognition. Adolescents also experience imaginary audiences and see their experiences as unique personal fables. Socioeconomic status influences school performance, with poverty linked to lower achievement.
This chapter discusses cognitive development in teenagers. It covers intellectual development including formal operations and abstract thinking. It examines perspectives on cognitive development like Piaget's stages of development and information processing. It also discusses moral development theories from Kohlberg and Gilligan. Additionally, it covers school performance factors like socioeconomic status, ethnicity, gender, and achievement testing.
This document provides an overview of topics related to family and parenting from a lifespan developmental perspective. It discusses traditional and modern family structures, attachment styles in early childhood, romantic relationships and marriage, parenting styles and their influence on child outcomes, challenges faced by single parents, cohabitating couples, and LGBTQ families, as well as the effects of divorce and adoption on children. Key concepts covered include Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, reciprocal socialization between parents and children, and influences on parenting such as culture and sociohistorical context.
This document discusses Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development in middle childhood between ages 6-11. According to Erikson, children develop competence through industry or a sense of inferiority. Their self-concept and self-esteem are influenced by social comparisons, cognitive development, and parental support. During this stage, children's peer relationships grow more complex as they join peer groups and form close friendships. How children perceive their academic, social, and physical abilities can impact their self-esteem and achievement attributions. Family relationships and dynamics also influence children's development, including experiences of divorce. Gender identity and conformity to roles emerge as children compare themselves to same-sex peers.
The document discusses cognitive and moral development during adolescence as well as career development. It covers Piaget's theory of formal operational reasoning emerging around age 11, information processing abilities reaching adult levels, and Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning. It also discusses Gilligan's view of an ethic of care, promoting moral reasoning through discussion, and theories about career development involving identity and personality matching to jobs. Adolescents commonly work part-time jobs which can negatively impact school performance and health.
Adolescence involves significant physical, cognitive, and social changes. Puberty is driven by hormonal changes that trigger physical maturation including growth spurts and development of primary and secondary sex characteristics. Cognitively, adolescents develop formal operational thought including hypothetical thinking and sophisticated use of symbols. Socially, peer relationships become important and school transitions can be challenging. Adolescents navigate changes in relationships, identity, and morality.
This document discusses several key topics regarding adolescent development:
1) It explores the development of identity and self-esteem in adolescents, and how factors like gender, socioeconomic status, and race can influence this.
2) Adolescent mental health issues like depression and suicide are examined, noting their prevalence among this age group.
3) Relationships with family, peers, and romantic partners are covered, along with social influences and challenges during this life stage.
4) Sexual development milestones, orientations, and health issues are overviewed.
Provide honest information to their
questions, and listen without judgment. Help
them understand this as a normal developmental
process. Plan co-ed activities to allow socializing.
challenges for children in making their careernamita chandra
This document discusses the stages of career orientation in children from early childhood to late adolescence. It notes that in adolescence, children experience simultaneous changes physically, sexually, emotionally, and psychosocially. The document outlines major challenges children face, including physical, mental health, and social problems. It emphasizes involving children in career decisions and exploring their thoughts and interests through open communication. Parents and teachers are encouraged to provide guidance to help children choose educational and career paths.
This document provides an overview of growth and development theories as they relate to learners. It discusses Piaget's stages of cognitive development including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational stages. It also summarizes Freud's psychosexual stages of oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stages. Additionally, Erikson's psychosocial stages are outlined including trust vs mistrust through infancy, autonomy vs shame/doubt in early childhood, and identity vs role confusion in adolescence. Key theorists and their stages/conflicts are summarized to provide context on understanding learner growth and development.
GTP-Module 1 Boy or Girl - Does it Matter Slide Deck.pptxMohanVankudoth
- Parents are the primary agents of socializing children, including gender socialization, but they often unconsciously transmit harmful gender norms and stereotypes learned from their own upbringing and society.
- Gender socialization begins at birth and teaches children to internalize societal expectations about how girls and boys should act and think, privileging masculinity; this process can limit children's development and well-being.
- To promote children's rights and fulfill their potential, professionals must support parents in examining their own gender biases and practicing gender-transformative parenting that provides equitable opportunities for all children.
The Child’s Psychological Use of the Parent: A Workshop James Tobin, Ph.D.
This workshop is designed for parents who would like to improve the quality of their relationship with their children. Dr. Tobin provides a roadmap for parents based on a core paradox of the human condition, i.e., the initial need to bond (to form and sustain early life) and the subsequent need to separate/individuate (in order for the child to secure a distinct personal identity unencumbered by unresolved issues with the family of origin). According to Dr. Tobin, both the parent and the developing child simultaneously press for separation/individuation and resist it. This workshop attempts to alert parents to the underlying dynamics that prolong this ambivalence and provides pragmatic suggestions for how parents can be "of use" psychologically so that their child is more successfully primed for the achievement of autonomy.
A presentation I created for a Human Behavior in the Social Environment course at Radford University on several key ideas of adolescents. Feedback is appreciated.
This document discusses challenges faced by teens and strategies for libraries to positively interact with them. It covers three main challenges teens face: biological development including puberty and nutrition issues; cognitive development as their brains are still developing critical thinking skills; and social/emotional development as they form identities and relationships. The document provides tips for libraries, such as listening to teens, avoiding stereotypes, and being flexible. It emphasizes handling nuisance behaviors calmly and following behavior policies, while not taking misbehavior personally since teens' brains are still developing.
This document discusses 5 of the greatest challenges facing parents in 2013 according to child psychologist Dr. Michael Carr-Gregg. The challenges are anxiety, depression, substance abuse, self-harm, and eating disorders among youth. It also discusses the importance of developmentally appropriate parenting, ensuring teens get enough sleep, the risks of early alcohol use, building resilience, and maintaining overall well-being and flourishing.
Treatment Track, National Rx Drug Abuse Summit, April 2-4, 2013. Treatment Options for Juveniles
presentation by Michelle Lipinski and Dr. Marc Fishman.
William O. Donnelly - Conversations with adolescentsPlain Talk 2015
This document discusses effective strategies for communicating health information to adolescents. It notes that while parents and adults still need information, directly engaging teens in conversations is developmentally appropriate. Motivational interviewing techniques that explore risks and benefits in a non-confrontational way can help teens reflect on issues. Interactive tools using stories, data, and peer perspectives are suggested. Examples provided include online simulations to train educators and classroom programs using role plays and stories.
The document discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of identity development in adolescence, including identity achievement, role confusion, and foreclosure. It also examines adolescent relationships with peers and parents, sexuality, mood issues like depression and suicide, and common risky behaviors such as drug and alcohol use. The development of identity and navigation of social relationships are major tasks of adolescence.
Sex and Character: Building Moral IntelligenceMann Rentoy
This document provides information on building character in students. It discusses the importance of character education given societal changes that have made parenting and teaching more challenging. It outlines three institutions historically responsible for shaping character - the home, school, and religion. Specific challenges to developing good character in today's world are explored such as a lack of empathy, increase in peer cruelty, and mental health issues among youth. Strategies are presented for teaching key virtues like empathy, conscience, and self-control. This includes modeling good behavior, reinforcing virtues, and using moral discipline consistently.
This document provides information on the psychodynamic approach to explaining gender development. It outlines the five psychosexual stages from Freud's theory: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. Key concepts discussed are the Oedipus complex, where boys develop desire for their mother; and Electra complex, where girls develop desire for their father. Gender identity formation occurs in the phallic stage through relationships with parents. The document also provides lesson objectives on explaining the psychodynamic approach to gender development and outlining the role of the Oedipus, Electra, and identification in development.
This document discusses adolescent health and development. It covers the stages of adolescence from early to late adolescence. Some key aspects of adolescent development mentioned include rapid physical growth, sexual maturity, experimentation, and transitioning to independence. The document also notes common problems adolescents face such as excessive daydreaming, desire for emancipation, emotional tension, and psychological issues. It emphasizes the importance of providing adolescents with correct information, a healthy lifestyle, education, counseling and a supportive environment. The conclusion stresses the crucial role of family and community in guiding adolescents and ensuring their health and well-being.
Families
Peer Relations, Play, and Television
The Self, Gender, and Moral Development
Parenting styles
Adapting parenting to developmental changes in the child
Cultural, ethnic, and social class variations in family
Siblings relationship and birth order
The changing family in a changing society
Depressed parents
Adapting Parenting to Developmental Changes in the Child
Development Milestones of Children.pptxsarahfauzna
Physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and personality changes occur during adolescence. Physically, teens reach sexual and physical maturity. Emotionally, emotions become unstable due to hormonal and brain changes. Cognitively, teens develop formal operational thinking and can think abstractly. Socially, peers become more important and teens develop same and opposite-sex relationships. In terms of personality, teens develop their identity and moral reasoning. Adolescence involves transitioning to adulthood and preparing for independent roles.
High school students experience significant cognitive, physical, social and emotional development. Their brains mature to allow for more abstract thinking and improved problem solving skills. Physically, puberty is completed and sexual maturity is reached. Socially, teens develop a stronger sense of identity and form closer relationships with peers and romantic partners. They also engage in more advanced decision making but still demonstrate impulsive behavior at times due to the later development of the prefrontal cortex.
Peer pressure is the social pressure by members of one's peer group to take certain actions, adopt certain values, or otherwise conform in order to be accepted. Peer pressure increases throughout adolescence as teens seek greater independence from parents and build stronger social relationships with peers. It can influence both positive and negative behaviors.
Teaching the Digital Generation with Impact: Teachers as Agents of Character Formation
and
Tried-and-Tested Strategies That Form Students’ Character: Empathy, Resilience and Grit
Ipswich Grammar School 2012 Middle School Information Nightyeatesit
This document provides information about a Middle School Information Evening at IGS on October 31, 2012. It summarizes the school's programs for boys, which are designed to build positive relationships and help boys connect and engage in their schooling. These include an empowering boys' program, monitoring programs, and programs focused on positive male identity, staff development, and rewarding boys. It also discusses challenges boys face, benefits of single-sex education, and IGS's life skills, camps, literacy and homework programs to support boys' learning and development.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Tink Palmer from the Marie Collins Foundation about issues related to sexual abuse online. Some key points from clinical practice are that children groomed online are unlikely to report abuse and experience shame and guilt. Referrals include children viewing adult pornography, abused through prostitution, made subjects of abusive images, and displaying sexually harmful behaviors online. Vulnerable children appear to be in the pubescent stage of 11-12 years old. Recovery services need to meet safeguarding and recovery needs but currently are not.
The document discusses different types of murals and what they can represent. It mentions that murals can tell stories, be based on words, just be for fun, have hidden messages, or be about topics like hip hop, politics, or history. Murals can involve professional artists working with youth, have themes, and follow a process that includes drawing out the design, painting it in full color, and celebrating when complete.
This document discusses Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, which proposes eight different types of intelligence: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. For each type of intelligence, it describes how people with that intelligence tend to learn best and provides examples of teaching activities and materials that align with that intelligence. It concludes with discussion questions about how to study for the GRE vocabulary section and teach integers, as well as scenarios asking how to help different students based on their likely learning styles.
This document provides resources and advice for AmeriCorps members as they transition out of service. It discusses using the education award for further education or paying off student loans. It also offers tips for leveraging AmeriCorps experience in resumes and interviews, including staying engaged with the AmeriCorps alumni network.
Providing Social and Emotional Support to High Need, Urban Students. Special emphasis on Restorative Justice Techniques. Presented by AmeriCorps CCPA Member Stephanie Fong. May 3, 2013.
This document provides information to help students decide whether to pursue graduate school, including the benefits of higher degrees, the application process, and tips for standing out. It discusses factors to consider such as career advancement, increased earning potential, and research opportunities for attending graduate school, versus challenges like time commitment, stress, and financial costs. The document also reviews the key components of a successful graduate school application like transcripts, standardized test scores, letters of recommendation, personal statements, and interviews.
This document provides information and resources to AmeriCorps members as they transition out of service. It discusses feelings members may experience, preparing to exit properly, and next steps such as re-enrolling in AmeriCorps or pursuing education, employment or volunteering. It also provides details on accessing and using the AmeriCorps education award for tuition or paying off qualified student loans within 7 years of completing service.
An informational interview involves meeting with someone in a field or career of interest to learn about their job and career path. It allows you to gain an understanding of a particular role or industry, make contacts, and discover opportunities without the pressure of a job interview. The document provides guidance on setting up informational interviews, including introducing yourself via email, preparing questions to ask, conducting yourself professionally during the meeting, and following up with a thank you. The overall aim is to learn from someone else's experiences.
Promising Practices in Transitions Programming:
-Academic Considerations
-Developmental Considerations
-Systemic and Institutional Considerations
-Promising Practices within a Social Justice Framework
Social emotional learning (SEL) involves developing social and emotional skills through safe and engaging learning environments, SEL skills can be taught using standalone lessons, integrating into curriculum, and modeling values, and research shows SEL improves attitudes, behaviors, and academic performance.
The document discusses how transitions between schools cause anxiety for students and discusses challenges associated with the transition to 9th grade. It notes that poor and minority students are twice as likely to be retained in 9th grade. Effective transition programs can help lower failure and dropout rates by addressing the academic, social, and procedural concerns students face when switching schools. Such programs build community, respond to student needs, and facilitate the transition process in a comprehensive way.
The document discusses confidentiality policies for a COST (Children's Outreach Services Team) including limits to confidentiality such as duty to warn of harm, abuse, or substance use. It outlines government policies on privacy of student records and information sharing. The principles of confidentiality are respecting privacy, relationships where information is shared, and expectations that pledged confidential information will be safeguarded. The conclusion emphasizes signing confidentiality agreements and limiting written information sharing.
This document provides guidance for AmeriCorps alumni on life after service. It includes two activities: 1) Creating a 30-second elevator pitch highlighting top work experiences, themes, and goals. The pitch should be 350 words or less. 2) Partner interview practice where each person interviews the other for 10 minutes about their AmeriCorps experience or desired career, asking 6-8 questions. The document advises that an elevator pitch generally starts with education, focuses on the top 3-5 job experiences, and ends by connecting future goals to the opportunity.
This document provides guidance on conducting informational interviews and networking to help with career opportunities. It recommends informational interviews because job postings do not represent all openings, and networking can shorten hiring processes and reduce competition. The three steps are to research the contact thoroughly, plan questions to learn about the contact's career progression and expertise, and show professionalism in the interview. Questions should focus on understanding the contact's work history and identifying their pain points or challenges in the industry. The goal is to ask for referrals to other helpful contacts and agree on follow up protocols.
Three key points from the document:
1) Many first-year teachers experience feelings of being overwhelmed in their first few days and months of teaching, which can sometimes lead them to leave the profession early. High turnover rates are a problem, especially for beginning teachers.
2) New teachers go through phases in their first year including anticipation, survival, disillusionment, and rejuvenation. Support from mentors, administrators, and other teachers is important for helping new teachers through these phases.
3) Establishing clear routines and procedures is essential for classroom management and allowing lessons and activities to run smoothly. New teachers must also be organized and reasonable in their expectations as they gain experience.
Safe Passages is a nonprofit organization based in Oakland, California that aims to advocate for vulnerable children and youth. Its mission is to ensure all young people have equal opportunities to succeed, regardless of race or socioeconomic status. It works in disadvantaged communities with high poverty and health issues. Its programs span early childhood through career development and include school-linked services. One successful program reduced middle school suspensions due to violence by 72% through strategies like counseling, parental engagement, and after-school programs. The Elev8 Initiative expanded this program with $14 million to provide additional health, family, and educational support services.
The document introduces a new online time sheet system and provides instructions for its use. It aims to make the time sheet process less burdensome for users by allowing them to view their hours and service progress online. The system also frees up staff time. Users log in, update their profile, and can view submitted time sheets as well as sheets needing resubmission. Detailed steps are provided for completing and submitting new time sheets online on various devices. Contact information is given for assistance.
This document provides guidance to members on how to use an online platform. It explains that the purpose is to (1) reflect on sessions and plan for next steps, (2) access targeted resources and recommendations, (3) share successes and learn from others, and (4) allow the organization to evaluate progress and support members. It outlines how to log in, complete weekly reflection logs, see what logs look like, and access strategies. It emphasizes sharing strategies and screening them against criteria. Members are encouraged to enroll students, see student links, and be available to help each other and future members for success.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
4. Adolescents: Increasingly Diverse
Source: Fact Sheet on Demographics: Adolescents, National Adolescent Health Information Center,
http://nahic.ucsf.edu//downloads/Demographics.pdf. Accessed: November 29, 2005
5. Challenge #1
Biological Development
Onset of puberty 10-12 11-13
Growth spurt 10-12 12-14
Early maturation 7
6. Biological Development
Eating Disorders:
approx.1% of girls (12-18) anorexic
1-3% bulimic
20% (estimated) engaged in less extreme unhealthy dieting
Nutrition:
¾ of adolescents do not eat recommended servings
Overweight: ages 12-19 (1971 – 2002)
Boys 6.1% - 16.7%
Girls 6.2% - 15.4%
Physical activity level drops dramatically( 9→12 grade)
7. Challenge #2
Cognitive Development
Normal adolescent behavior?
to argue for the sake of arguing
to be self- centered
to constantly find fault in adult’s position
to be overly dramatic
YES!
8. Cognitive Development different arrow
19 years • ability to think abstractly
• ability to analyze situations
logically
• ability to think realistically about
the future, goal setting
• moral reasoning
• Entertain hypothetical situations,
10 years
use of metaphors
Need guidance for rational
decision making
9. Brain Research Findings
The brain continues to develop during adolescence.
Areas under construction:
• Prefrontal cortex – responsible for organizing,
setting priorities, strategizing, controlling
impulses
• Brain functions that help plan and adapt to the
social environment
• Brain functions that help put situations into
context; retrieve memories to connect with gut
reactions
10. Challenge #3
Social Emotional Development
Who am I? Where do I belong?
- Identity development (gender, sexual, ethnic)
- Self-esteem
- Role of peer group
How do I relate to others?
- Social Skills
- Emotional Intelligence
11. Experimenting with Intimacy
Romantic Sexual
Relationship Experience
12-14 years - 24% 15-19 yrs 1995 - 2002
Boys 55.3% - 46%
15-17 years – 39% Girls 51.7% - 46.8%
Sexual behavior is changing
15-19 yrs Oral Sex
Boys 55%
Girls 54 %
12. Environmental Settings
s
Peer
Fa
m
ily
School
YOUTH
od
rho
g hbo Co
Nei m
m
un
Media/ ity
Internet
13. Social Toxicity
Social factors that poison youth’
well being and healthy development
14. Risk Taking Behavior?
It is normal! - But there is concern –
Exploration of new Adolescents overestimate
behaviors, decision their capacities, rely on
making skills, identity their immature ability to
development judge, or give in to peer
pressure
15. Problem Behaviors
Teen Pregnancy
Violence
Delinquency
Substance Abuse
School drop out
Mental health
16. Positive Youth Outcomes
• Volunteerism
• Music & Performing Arts
• High School Graduation
• Enrollment in College
17. Main Sources:
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy 2005.
Freeze Frame: A Snapshot of America’s Teens
www.teenpregnancy.org
American Psychological Association 2002. Developing
Adolescents.
www.apa.org/pi/pii/develop.pdf
Editor's Notes
This will be a brief presentation on adolescent development. The focus will be on examining key developmental challenges along with some recent research findings and behavior trends. The purpose of this presentation is to remind us who the young people are we are talking about. What distinguishes them from children and adults? What are the main challenges and influences? The goal is to give us a common framework for discussing positive youth development which focuses on the social infrastructure young people need to thrive.
There is no consensus about the age range that defines adolescence. A fairly common one is young people ages 10-19. I am using this one just because the 2000 census used this categorization. According to that 2000 census there are approximately 40.7 million adolescents in the US. The exact number is 40.747.962
Here is what they look like.
Adolescent population is changing more rapidly than adult population Review ethnic groups; use fact sheet for more information
One challenge all adolescents have to face is the physical maturation process. Puberty starts typically earlier for girls than for boys; and its starts earlier than it used to . Review slide. Recent pediatric studies have shown that an increasing number of girls start showing signs of puberty as early as age 7 (6.7% white girls, 27.2% African American; see American Psychological Association 2002. Developing Adolescents). What are the implications? Young people need information about upcoming body changes and their significance at an earlier age so that they can cope with these physical and hormonal changes. Sex education at age 13 might be too late. Optional question: Some young girls are fully developed at age 13 – they might be judged to be older - 16 or 17 years old. What are the implications? How do people in their environment react to them? Possible conflicts?
Several health issues emerge during this time of biological maturation. Adolescents undergoing many physical changes naturally pay much attention to physical appearance. Puberty is associated with weight gain. For girls in particular concerns about their changing appearance can lead to health problems. Pressured by our societal standard that slim is beautiful, young woman develop eating disorders; approximately 1% of 12-18 years olds show symptoms of anorexia, while 1-3 % engage in bulimic behavior. A much higher percentage are involved in unhealthy dieting. Young men can develop eating disorders as well but the numbers are much lower (American Psychologial Association. Developing adolescents. 2002) Another health concern that has become a national public health issue is obesity. Over the past 30 years, an increasing percentage of young people is diagnosed as overweight. Some of the factors that influence this trend: decrease in physical activity, an increasingly sedentary life style (much time in front of computer and TV), poor nutrition, larger serving sizes. (additional information: ACT for Youth. Research Facts and Findings: Childhood Obesity, www.actforyouth.net/documents/july_03_obesity.pdf)
The second challenge – cognitive development. Do you recognize this behavior? Review interactive slide. Do you agree with these descriptions? Talking and reasoning with adolescents can be tough. Why is that?
Cognitive processes and skills continue to grow over the years (10-19). Increasingly adolescents fine tune their abilities (review the abilities listed). And progress from concrete to more abstract skill levels. Recent research in adolescent brain development has demonstrated that the brain is still developing. Neural connections are still being formed until the mid 20’s. It confirms what parents probably have known all along -- adolescents do not process and think the same way adults do.
Review findings. These findings help us understand why teens do not always understand the consequences of their behaviors, in particular risk taking behaviors; it helps explain why they might interpret social situation differently and respond with different emotions. It also means that young people can influence their brain development through their activities. It makes the case for meaningful activities and participation. Young people who “exercise” their brains by learning to order their thoughts, understand abstract concepts, and control their impulses are laying neural foundations that will serve them for the rest of their lives. Do they want to hard-wire their brain for sports, playing music, doing math – or lying on the couch watching TV? Additional information: ACT for Youth. Research Facts and Findings. 2002. Adolescent Brain Development (www.actforyouth.net/documents/may02factsheetadolbraindev.pdf) National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. 2005. The Adolescent Brain: A Work in Progress. www.teenpregnancy.org/resources/reading/pdf/BRAIN.pdf
The third challenge of adolescence is to look for answers to the questions: Who am I? What is my place in this world? In interaction with their social environments young people are trying to figure out who they are, what makes them unique, and where do they fit in. Identity formation is critical and closely linked to how they feel about themselves and what they think others expect from them. Recent studies have shown that minority youth who developed a strong sense of ethnic identity tend to have higher self-esteem than those who don’t. The search for identity can be more complex when adolescents face the additional challenges of social injustice and discrimination; this might be especially true for LGBT youth who often start their identify development by being “different”. (American Psychological Association. 2002. Developing Adolescents.) - Peer group important for the process of separating from family; most influential during mid-adolescence - The other aspect of social emotional development is highlighted by the question: How do I relate to others? Young people have to develop skills how to communicate, interact with others; how to assess, cope with and control their emotions. Additional reading: ACT for Youth. Facts and Research Findings. Identify Formation in Adolescence. Self-Esteem. Peers. (www.actforyouth.net)
Dating typically starts in mid adolescence although many younger teens start experimenting with intimacy (often using the internet) Early romantic relationships often have a short duration – a few months Reliable data on teen sexual behaviors are limited especially data on other sexual behavior than intercourse (oral sex, anal sex) Recent surveys show a decline in sexual relationships among teens , in particular boys (see National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy 2005. Freeze Frame) African American tend to engage in sexual activity (intercourse) at an earlier age than White and Hispanic teens (National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health, in: APA 2002. Developing Adolescents); also, National Adolescent Health Information Center. A Health profile of Adolescent and Young Males:2005, http://nahic.ucsf.edu/downloads/BoysBrief.pdf More teens engage in oral sex (more recent now than intercourse); anecdotal evidence points at younger teens (middle school age) engaging in oral sex Why? E.g. to avoid pregnancy, stay a virgin, delay pressure to have intercourse Implications? One is that too many teens feel oral sex is safe. Others? (see: Science Says: Teens and Oral Sex, www.teenpregnancy.org/works/pdf/ScienceSays_17_OralSex.pdf)
Young people are immersed in these challenges throughout their adolescent years. It is important to remember that they do not do this in a vacuum. Their development is filtered through and influenced by the social environments their in. Review the groups as they come up. How well they do and master these challenges depends to some degree on how support and nurturing these environments are. For some young people the odds are stacked much higher than for others. How successful young people are depends on the level of “social toxicity” - as James Garbarino phrased it. (Garbarino, James. 1995. Raising this way Children in a Socially Toxic Environment. Jossey-Bass Publishers. San Francisco)
Although some of these social issues have improved over the years, they still have impact on the lives of young people (and adults) Most of them all well known, here are few key points: Racism – resulting in a gap in academic performance (African American and Hispanic do less well); they are overrepresented in special education classes and prisons Poverty – we know that young people growing up in poverty have less opportunities and support; they often face additional problems such as violence & disrupted family relationships (single parenting, domestic violence) Sexual exploitation – internet, marketing, body image Health threats – drugs/alcohol, AIDS Lack of benevolent adults authority – lack of role models that promote positive social and moral values (most current roles models are about accumulation of wealth)
We looked at developmental tasks and environmental challenges young people face; in that context - risk taking behavior is understandable. It makes parents and other adults crinch, but it is normal and to be expected. We can also acknowledge that there is reason for concern. Young people have a need for support, guidance and structure. If that is missing, negative outcomes are likely to occur. Let’s take a look at the problem behaviors we are usually concerned and some of the current data.
Here are problem behaviors we are typically concerned with. We are seeing some positive trends right now although that does not imply that all is well. For example we are seeing a solid decline in teen pregnancy rates; at the same time we have seen increased rates in several STI’s (sexually transmitted illnesses) e.g. chlamydia. Or we are seeing a decline in binge drinking, but at the same time we see an increase in other substances e.g. Ecstacy But the overall trend in regards to those behaviors is positive. Teen pregnancy rates have declined over the past 10 years. Also declining are delinquency, substance abuse, violence and school drop out Mental health – Data are not as conclusive and consistent. Suicide attempts have gone down from 29% in 1991 to 17% in 2003, although anecdotal evidence suggests an increase in other areas (self-injurious behavior, depression). Use fact sheets for concrete data.
Other positive trends can be noted. To break with our habit of documenting and measuring mostly negative behaviors, here are some positive youth outcomes: Volunteerism: an estimated 55% of young people (12-18) participate in volunteer opportunities Music & Arts: around 50% of high school students participate in music and arts programs (2001) High school graduation: 87% completed high school (18-24) in 2001; HS graduation rates have risen for African American youth (from 59% to 87% since 1971 College: enrollment rates have risen (265 -0 38%. In 2002 29% young adults (25-29 yrs old) attained a Bachelor’s degree (all time high) Review fact sheet for sources Side note: Efforts are underway to measure and document positive outcomes.