Green Roofs Gardening & Saving the Planet

1. Burnham-Moores Center for Real Estate University of San Diego Master of Science in Real Estate Presentation
Green Roofs
February 26, 2013
Inna
Panchuk

2. Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
Agenda
• When? – Historical Background
• What? – Description and Types of Green Roofs
• How? – Technological Description
• Why? – Cost and Benefits of Green Roof Technology
• Policies and Regulations
• Alternative Products
• Recommendations
• Summary

3. A Glimpse on History
•When it all started…
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
600 B.C.- Hanging Gardens Of Babylon
Viking and Middle Ages -
Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark)

4. 20th Century Timeline
Reinhard Bornkam
1961
1975 The Landscape Research, Development & Construction Society, Germany
Austria, Hubderwasser Haus 1986
1993 Nine Houses, Switzerland,
Japan, Fukuoka Hall 1995
1998
LEED Points
Chicago
City Hall
2001
2003
Ford Center
MI
Chicago Millennium Park
2004
2008 Bank of America Tower, New York
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

5. Green Roofs Today

6. Where are we right now?
Source: http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012GreenRoofIndustrySurvey.pdf

7. Green Roof / Living Roof / Vegetative Roof / Ecoroof
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
Sources: http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/

8. Extensive
(Low- profile/ Ecoroofs)
Intensive
(High-profile/ Roof Gardens)
• Soil depth: 3 – 6 inches
•Lighter in weight: 15-50 lb/sf
•Less expensive: $5 - $15/s
•Little or no irrigation
•Low maintenance
•Slopes up to 30 degrees and higher
•Low plant diversity
•Non - accessible
•Deep soil: 6 - 15 inches or more
•Heavy : 35 – 150 lbs/sf
•More expensive : $25 - $40+/sf
•Irrigation system required
•High maintenance (more expertise)
•Relatively flat
• High plant diversity (Park)
•Designed for recreation

9. Technological Systems
2. Modular Systems Greengrid, Green Roof Block
1.Complete Systems Soprema, Hydrotech Roofscapes
3. Pre-Cultivated Blankets
Sempergreen,
Toyota Roof Garden Co

10. Benefits: Public
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
1. Reduced Urban Heat Island Profile
Source: http://cnx.org/content/m43321/latest/graphics1.jpg

11. On an typical summer day, Chicago City Hall green roof measured almost 80F (40C) cooler than the conventional roof
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
Source: Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies

12. Benefits : Public
•2. Reduced Air Pollution and Green House Emissions
•The plants on green roofs can capture airborne pollutants such as Particular Matter
–1,000 sf green roof removes about 40 lbs PM = 15 cars’ emissions
•Filter noxious gases.
• Demand on power plants Amount of CO2 and other polluting by-products
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

13. Benefits : Public
•3. Stormwater Retention:
•Summer: Green roofs retain 70-90% of the precipitation that falls on them; Winter: 25-40%.
•Act as natural filters
•Decreased stress on sewer systems.
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
Source: http://www.greenroofs.org/resources/greenroofvisionfordc.pdf
Comparison of roof runoff for conventional roofs and green roofs

14. Benefits : Private
•1. Energy Efficiency

15. Summer: An extensive green roof reduces the daily energy demand for air conditioning in the summer by 50% - 75%. Winter: The additional insulation provided by the growing medium helps to decrease the amount of energy required to heat the building
Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

16. 2. Longer Roof Lifespan
•Reduces daily expansion and contraction caused by temperature fluctuations
•Shields roof from Sun’s harmful UV rays
•Protects from abrasion and physical wear
•Extends service life of underlying waterproofing system
Source: Liu K. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation

17. 3. Sound Insulation
•12 cm (5") of growing medium alone can reduce sound by 40 db.
4. Fire Resistance
5. Extra LEED Points
•Potential 33 points
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

18. Other Benefits
•Therapy
•Agriculture
•Aesthetics
•Public Relations
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
•Higher Property Value
•Creation of Habitat
•Job Creation

19. Disadvantages
•Higher Initial Cost
•Higher Maintenance Cost
•Possibility of water leaks
•Lack of expertise
•Lack of knowledge

20. Case Study: Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs, Portland 2008
Diego

21. Policies
Copenhagen, Denmark
•Green Roofs required for all new buildings with roof slopes < 30
Portland, OR
•FAR Bonus: Developers may build an extra 3 sq/ft per foot of green roof
Toronto, Canada
•Green Roof By-law: Green Roofs required for all new development above 200 sq/m, January 31, 2010.
Vancouver, B.C., Canada
•Port Coquitlam Green Roof By-law: All new commercial and industrial buildings over 5000 square meters must have a green roof.
New York City
• Bill S7553: one-year tax abatement for green roofs that cover at least 50% of the available roof space and solar panel installation + direct financial subsidies
Tokyo, Japan
•Green roofs required for 20% of all new flat roof surfaces on government buildings and 10% of all new flat roof surfaces on private buildings

22. Alternative Options
Cool Roof
•Low initial expense
•Virtually maintenance free
•Last 30 to 40 years
•Less benefits
Photovoltaic Roof
•Recent drop in prices
•Low Maintenance
•Lasts 25 years
•Only energy savings
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

23. Recommendations
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego
1.Create a variety of incentive packages in conjunction with regulation
2. Energy Star standardized rating
3. Green roof ready construction
4. Combination of different roof types
5. Conduct research and compile performance data
6. Provide technical assistance
(green roof specialist position)
7. Increase education and cultivate a culture of urban
environmental awareness around green roofs

24. Summary
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

25. Summary
More benefits than alternative products:
•Improved stormwater management for buildings
•Reductions to the Heat Island Effect
•Increased health
•Energy conservation and noise reduction
•Reduced demand on the municipal sewer systems and potential lower fees
•Extension of roof life
•Reductions in air pollution

26. •Initial and maintenance costs are high
•More research should be done
•Convenient and more affordable construction materials are needed for lower costs
•Higher public awareness
•Policy support from the government is crucial.

27. Thank you
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

28. •Resources suggested for further reading Green Roofs for Healthy Cities www.greenroofs.ca Rooftop Gardens Resource Group www.interlog.com/~rooftop/ Greenbacks from Green Roofs Report. www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/publications/en/rh-pr/tech/01-101_e.pdf Buildings Innovation www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/en/burema/himu/buin/buin_009.cfm Green Roofs for Healthy Cities <www.greenroofs.org> Greenroofs.com <www.greenroofs.com> Chicago Green Roof Program <www.chicagogreenroofs.org> University Programs: <www hrt msu edu/greenroof> - Michigan State University <http://hortweb cas psu edu/research/greenroofcenter> - Penn State University <www bae ncsu edu/greenroofs> - North Carolina State University <www stormwater ucf edu/> - The University of Central Florida <http://commons bcit ca/greenroof/> -The British Columbia Institute of Technology
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

29. Resources suggested for further reading
•Voluntary Efforts:
<www chicagogreenroofs org> <www atlantaga gov/mayor/energyconservationgreenroof aspx> <http://egov cityofchicago org> <www toronto ca/greenroofs/incentiveprogram htm> U.S. Department of Energy Federal Technology Alert: Green Roofs www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/ 36060.pdf Green Roofs as Urban Ecosystems: Ecological Structures, Functions, and Services <www.aibs.org/biosciencepress-releases/resources/11-07. pdf> National Roofing Contractors Association Green Roof Systems Manual <www.nrca.net/rp/pubstore/ details.aspx?id=450> Los Angeles Green Roof Resources Guide <www.fypower.org/pdf/LA_ GreenRoofsResource Guide.pdf>
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego

30. References
“Green Roof | dc greenworks." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013
<http://dcgreenworks.org/programs/rainwater-conservation-and-reuse/green-roofs-2-0/>
"Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 26 Feb. 2013
<http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/Green%20Roofs%20Report%202.07.05.pdf>
"IGRA • Information on Green Roofs • Green Roof Types." 2008. 26 Feb. 2013
<http://www.igra-world.com/types_of_green_roofs/index.php>
"FAQ's vegetation blankets - Sempergreen." 2012. 26 Feb. 2013
<http://www.sempergreen.com/en/related-info/faqs-vegetation-blankets>
"Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits>
"Green Roofs | Heat Island Effect | US EPA." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/mitigation/greenroofs.htm>
"Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053>
"Annual Green Roof Industry Survey for 2011 - Chesapeake ..." 27 Feb. 2013
<http://chesapeakestormwater.net/wp- content/uploads/downloads/2012/05/2012GreenRoofIndustrySurvey.pdf>
"DDC COOL & GREEN ROOFING MANUAL - NYC.gov." 2008. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/cool_green_roof_man.pdf>
"Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships –The 2010 Resource Guide ..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10June2010-SaraLoveland.pdf>

31. References
Liu, K. and B. Baskaran. 2003. Thermal Performance of Green Roofs Through Field Evaluation (PDF). National Research Council of Canada. Report No. NRCC-46412.
Peck, S. and M. Kuhn. 2003. Design Guidelines for Green Roofs (PDF) (22 pp, 551K). Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation and the Ontario Association of Architects
Beckman, S.; Jones, S.; Liburdy, K. and Peters, C., "Greening Our Cities: An Analysis
of the Benefits and Barriers Associated with Green Roofs". Portland State University,
Planning Workshop, 1997.
"Green Roof Incentives + Partnerships –The 2010 Resource Guide ..." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.epa.gov/heatisld/resources/pdf/10June2010-SaraLoveland.pdf>
"Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/Solar_PV_Greenroofs>
"Public Display - VSF 2009 Projects." 2010. 27 Feb. 2013 http://www.virtualsciencefair.org/display2003/PublicDisplay2009.asp
"Green Roof Benefits." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013
<http://www.greenroofs.org/index.php/about/greenroofbenefits>
"Cost Benefit Evaluation of Ecoroofs - City of Portland, Oregon." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/261053>

32. •"Green Roof Legislation, Policies and Tax Incentives - Green Walls ..." 2009. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.myplantconnection.com/green-roofs-legislation.php>
•"Solar Energy and Green Roofs - Green Roof Technology." 2011. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.greenrooftechnology.com/Solar_PV_Greenroofs>
•Zachary Shahan. "Green Roofs & Solar Panels: The Future of Renewable Energy ..." 27 Feb. 2013 <http://cleantechnica.com/2012/07/11/green-roofs-solar-panels-the-future-of- renewable-energy/>
•"Solar Costs Dependent On Variety Of Factors - Soluxe Solar." 2012. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.soluxesavings.com/solar-costs-dependent-variety-factors-a-19.html>
•"An Economic Analysis of Green Roofs: - Sustainable Technologies ..." 2007. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sustainabletechnologies.ca/Portals/_Rainbow/Documents/GR_Econ.pdf>
•"Green Roofs Benefits and Cost Implications - Sustainable Eastside." 2005. 27 Feb. 2013 <http://www.sustainable-eastside.net/Green%20Roofs%20Report%202.07.05.pdf>
Burnham-Moores Center, MSRE Program, University of San Diego