The document discusses the components and functioning of an x-ray generator. An x-ray generator uses a step-up transformer to increase the voltage supplied to the x-ray tube and a rectifier to convert the alternating current to direct current for powering the tube. Different types of generators are used including single phase, three phase with 6 or 12 pulses, and high frequency generators which further smooth the pulsating direct current.

1. BY DR NISHANT RAJ

2. • DEFINITON: An x-ray generator is the
device that supplies electric power
to the x-ray tube.

3. Why does x ray tube require electrical energy ?

4. GENERATOR
COMPONENTS

6. CONTROL PANEL

7. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

8. TRANSFORMERASSEMBLY
• A transformer is a device that either
increases or decreases the voltage in a
circuit .

9. STEP-UPTRANSFORMER

10. STEP-DOWNTRANSFORMER

11. TYPES OFTRANSFORMERS

12. AUTOTRANSFORMER

13. LAWS OF
TRANSFORMER

14. CIRCUIT

15. OUTPUT OFTRANSFORMER IS AC

16. RECTIFIER
PN junction is used as rectifier where P
and N are semiconductors.

17. P-N JUNCTION
Formed when N-type and P-type
crystals are joined.

18. FORWARDAND REVERSE BIAS
•P-N diode conducts current in a forward direction only,
hence it meets the definition of a rectifier.

19. HALF-WAVE
RECTIFICATION

20. FULLWAVE
RECTIFICATION

21. TYPES OF GENERATORS
• Single phase generator
• Three phase generator:
 2 types: 6 pulse and 12 pulse
• High frequency generator

22. SINGLE PHASE GENERATOR

23. THREE PHASE GENERATORS
• Commercial power generally delivered as 3 phase.
• Phases 120 degrees apart

24. THREE PHASE GENERATORS
• Rectifier circuit : Inverts negative voltage.
• Sends highest of 3 phases to x-ray tube.

25. THREE PHASE GENERATOR

26. THREE PHASE 6 PULSE
• Uses six rectifiers, and one half of
the three phase AC pulses.

27. THREE PHASE 12 PULSE
• More efficient than the six pulse but is
more expensive .

28. HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATOR
• First Step: Incoming AC converted to pulsed DC

29. HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATOR
• Second Step: Pulsating DC smooth to constant voltage

31. RIPPLE FACTOR
• The ripple factor is the variation in
the voltage across the x-ray tube
expressed as the percentage of
maximum value.