This talk refutes some criticisms of the semantic web, but also outlines some research challenges we must overcome if we are to ever realize Tim Berners-Lee's original Semantic Web vision.
This is a vision talk, looking at what is happening on the Web with large scale community interactions. It discusses ongoing efforts, Chinese Human Flesh Search Engine, and a research agenda for "Social Machines" based on these emerging challenges.
Keynote talk at 2011 Semantic Technology and Business conference - Washington DC, November 30, 2011. This updates my earlier slideshare talk on linked open govt data - new slides from slide 17 on.
On Beyond OWL: challenges for ontologies on the WebJames Hendler
The need for ontologies in the real world is manifest and increasing. On the Web, ontologies are everywhere — but OWL isn’t. In this talk, I look at some of the things that are not in OWL, but which are needed for the use of OWL in many Web domains. This talk explores some of the needs for ontologies on the Web in data integration, emerging technologies, and linked data applications – and asks where the features needed for these are in OWL. The talk ends with some challenges to the OWL, and greater ontology, community needed to see more eventual use of standard ontologies on the Web.
Social Machines - 2017 Update (University of Iowa)James Hendler
This is an update to the talk entitled "Social Machines: the coming collision of artificial intelligence, social networks and humanity." It was presented as an ACM Distinguished Speaker lecture at the "University of Iowa Computing Conference" 2017-02-24
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of MetadataJames Hendler
Invited talk at VIVO 2017 conference - explores the view of the semantic web as enriched metadata, and how that kind of information can be used in new and interesting ways.
In this talk I review some of the early visions of the Semantic Web, some of the different views, and I follow through on a thread of how Semantic Web technology has been adopted in search engines (and other companies). I end with a challenge to the research community to keep pursuing this research, rather than letting industry take over the "low end" and keep new work from flourishing.
An updated "what is happening on the Semantic Web" presentation for 2010 - includes business use, government use, and some speculation on the current areas of excitement and development. A very accessible talk, not aimed solely at a technical audience.
This is a vision talk, looking at what is happening on the Web with large scale community interactions. It discusses ongoing efforts, Chinese Human Flesh Search Engine, and a research agenda for "Social Machines" based on these emerging challenges.
Keynote talk at 2011 Semantic Technology and Business conference - Washington DC, November 30, 2011. This updates my earlier slideshare talk on linked open govt data - new slides from slide 17 on.
On Beyond OWL: challenges for ontologies on the WebJames Hendler
The need for ontologies in the real world is manifest and increasing. On the Web, ontologies are everywhere — but OWL isn’t. In this talk, I look at some of the things that are not in OWL, but which are needed for the use of OWL in many Web domains. This talk explores some of the needs for ontologies on the Web in data integration, emerging technologies, and linked data applications – and asks where the features needed for these are in OWL. The talk ends with some challenges to the OWL, and greater ontology, community needed to see more eventual use of standard ontologies on the Web.
Social Machines - 2017 Update (University of Iowa)James Hendler
This is an update to the talk entitled "Social Machines: the coming collision of artificial intelligence, social networks and humanity." It was presented as an ACM Distinguished Speaker lecture at the "University of Iowa Computing Conference" 2017-02-24
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of MetadataJames Hendler
Invited talk at VIVO 2017 conference - explores the view of the semantic web as enriched metadata, and how that kind of information can be used in new and interesting ways.
In this talk I review some of the early visions of the Semantic Web, some of the different views, and I follow through on a thread of how Semantic Web technology has been adopted in search engines (and other companies). I end with a challenge to the research community to keep pursuing this research, rather than letting industry take over the "low end" and keep new work from flourishing.
An updated "what is happening on the Semantic Web" presentation for 2010 - includes business use, government use, and some speculation on the current areas of excitement and development. A very accessible talk, not aimed solely at a technical audience.
Social Machines: The coming collision of Artificial Intelligence, Social Netw...James Hendler
Will your next doctor be a human being—or a machine? Will you have a choice? If you do, what should you know before making it?This book introduces the reader to the pitfalls and promises of artificial intelligence (AI) in its modern incarnation and the growing trend of systems to "reach off the Web" into the real world. The convergence of AI, social networking, and modern computing is creating an historic inflection point in the partnership between human beings and machines with potentially profound impacts on the future not only of computing but of our world and species.AI experts and researchers James Hendler—co-originator of the Semantic Web (Web 3.0)—and Alice Mulvehill—developer of AI-based operational systems for DARPA, the Air Force, and NASA—explore the social implications of AI systems in the context of a close examination of the technologies that make them possible. The authors critically evaluate the utopian claims and dystopian counterclaims of AI prognosticators. Social Machines: The Coming Collision of Artificial Intelligence, Social Networking, and Humanity is your richly illustrated field guide to the future of your machine-mediated relationships with other human beings and with increasingly intelligent machines.
Knowledge Representation in the Age of Deep Learning, Watson, and the Semanti...James Hendler
IJCAI 16 keynote on the need to bring modern AI accomplishments of recent years into connection with the more traditional goals of symbolic AI (and vice versa).
Digital Archiving, The Semantic Web, and Modern AIJames Hendler
This was my keynote talk on accepted the "Spotlight Award" from the association of moving image archivists. The talk relates needs of archiving, use of semantic (web) metadata, and deep learning for archiving.
Why Watson Won: A cognitive perspectiveJames Hendler
In this talk, we present how the Watson program, IBM's famous Jeopardy playing computer, works (based on papers published by IBM), we look at some aspects of potential scoring approaches, and we examine how Watson compares to several well known systems and some preliminary thoughts on using it in future artificial intelligence and cognitive science approaches.
Presented to a webinar hosted by Nuance Inc, under the title "The Semantic Web: What it is and Why you should care" on 2/29/2012.
This talk presents a fast overview of the Semantic Web and recent application deployment in the space.
A 1015 update to the 2012 "Data Big and Broad" talk - http://www.slideshare.net/jahendler/data-big-and-broad-oxford-2012 - extends coverage, brings more in context of recent "big data" work.
Facilitating Web Science Collaboration through Semantic MarkupJames Hendler
These are the slides that accompanied the paper "Dominic DiFranzo, John S. Erickson, Marie Joan Kristine T. Gloria, Joanne S. Luciano, Deborah McGuinness, & James Hendler, The Web Observatory Extension: Facilitating Web Science Collaboration through Semantic Markup, Proc. WWW 2014 (Web Science Track), Seoul, Korea, 2014." They describe an extension to schema.org that can be used for sharing Web-related datasets and projects.
A talk presented at IBM's "Academy of Technology" exploring, in brief, what the research community has to learn from Watson (and the techniques derived therefrom) and some new research ideas that can be explored therefrom. All known proprietary information from either IBM or RPI has been removed from the original talk.
The Future of AI: Going BeyondDeep Learning, Watson, and the Semantic WebJames Hendler
These slides, based on a presentation at distinguished lecture at IBM Almaden in March, 2017 explore some of the challenges to machine learning and some recent work. It is a newer version of the slides originally presented at IJCAI 2016.
Presentation about - Semantic Web - Overview -Semantic Web
Web of Data, Giant Global Graph, Data Web, Web 3.0, Linked Data Web, Semantic Data Web, Enterprise Information Web, HTML, CSS,
Social Machines: The coming collision of Artificial Intelligence, Social Netw...James Hendler
Will your next doctor be a human being—or a machine? Will you have a choice? If you do, what should you know before making it?This book introduces the reader to the pitfalls and promises of artificial intelligence (AI) in its modern incarnation and the growing trend of systems to "reach off the Web" into the real world. The convergence of AI, social networking, and modern computing is creating an historic inflection point in the partnership between human beings and machines with potentially profound impacts on the future not only of computing but of our world and species.AI experts and researchers James Hendler—co-originator of the Semantic Web (Web 3.0)—and Alice Mulvehill—developer of AI-based operational systems for DARPA, the Air Force, and NASA—explore the social implications of AI systems in the context of a close examination of the technologies that make them possible. The authors critically evaluate the utopian claims and dystopian counterclaims of AI prognosticators. Social Machines: The Coming Collision of Artificial Intelligence, Social Networking, and Humanity is your richly illustrated field guide to the future of your machine-mediated relationships with other human beings and with increasingly intelligent machines.
Knowledge Representation in the Age of Deep Learning, Watson, and the Semanti...James Hendler
IJCAI 16 keynote on the need to bring modern AI accomplishments of recent years into connection with the more traditional goals of symbolic AI (and vice versa).
Digital Archiving, The Semantic Web, and Modern AIJames Hendler
This was my keynote talk on accepted the "Spotlight Award" from the association of moving image archivists. The talk relates needs of archiving, use of semantic (web) metadata, and deep learning for archiving.
Why Watson Won: A cognitive perspectiveJames Hendler
In this talk, we present how the Watson program, IBM's famous Jeopardy playing computer, works (based on papers published by IBM), we look at some aspects of potential scoring approaches, and we examine how Watson compares to several well known systems and some preliminary thoughts on using it in future artificial intelligence and cognitive science approaches.
Presented to a webinar hosted by Nuance Inc, under the title "The Semantic Web: What it is and Why you should care" on 2/29/2012.
This talk presents a fast overview of the Semantic Web and recent application deployment in the space.
A 1015 update to the 2012 "Data Big and Broad" talk - http://www.slideshare.net/jahendler/data-big-and-broad-oxford-2012 - extends coverage, brings more in context of recent "big data" work.
Facilitating Web Science Collaboration through Semantic MarkupJames Hendler
These are the slides that accompanied the paper "Dominic DiFranzo, John S. Erickson, Marie Joan Kristine T. Gloria, Joanne S. Luciano, Deborah McGuinness, & James Hendler, The Web Observatory Extension: Facilitating Web Science Collaboration through Semantic Markup, Proc. WWW 2014 (Web Science Track), Seoul, Korea, 2014." They describe an extension to schema.org that can be used for sharing Web-related datasets and projects.
A talk presented at IBM's "Academy of Technology" exploring, in brief, what the research community has to learn from Watson (and the techniques derived therefrom) and some new research ideas that can be explored therefrom. All known proprietary information from either IBM or RPI has been removed from the original talk.
The Future of AI: Going BeyondDeep Learning, Watson, and the Semantic WebJames Hendler
These slides, based on a presentation at distinguished lecture at IBM Almaden in March, 2017 explore some of the challenges to machine learning and some recent work. It is a newer version of the slides originally presented at IJCAI 2016.
Presentation about - Semantic Web - Overview -Semantic Web
Web of Data, Giant Global Graph, Data Web, Web 3.0, Linked Data Web, Semantic Data Web, Enterprise Information Web, HTML, CSS,
Facebook ( Open ) Graph and the Semantic WebMatteo Brunati
Ideas around OpenGraph protocol and RDFa usage with some possible future directions.
It’s all around the Social Object.
Padua University - Italy - A lesson in the “Tecnologie Web2.0” course thanks to Massimo Marchiori - http://www.math.unipd.it/~tecweb2/
At the end there are some clues about possible connections between Semantic Web tools and the VRM ( Vendor Relationship Management ) vision as the future of the Net using the full potential of the Web platform.
Compare and contrast RDF triple stores and NoSQL: are triples stores NoSQL or not?
Talk given 2011-09-08 tot he BigData/NoSQL meetup at Bristol University.
Presentación sobre Tech Professional Services, que incluye nuestra oferta global de servicios, la metodología Zemsania, el informe de gestión psicoprofesional, Tech Managed Services..
Authored by David Daniels, The Relevancy Group
With all the channels and marketing messaging vying for the customer's attention it is becoming harder for marketers to not only remedy the consumer attention deficit order but also find meaningful ways to drive customer acquisition. This first eBook in a series on how to Create Engaging Email, will leverage The Relevancy Group's Connected Marketing Framework to provide proven tactics on how to drive subscriber acquisition.
This eBook will expose marketers to cutting edge strategies on how to connect web analytics intelligence, social media and mobile marketing opportunities to exceed acquisition goals.
Semantic Technologies: Which Way Now? – UKOLN ResponseAdrian Stevenson
UKOLN response at Semantic Technologies: Which Way Now? at CETIS Semantic Web Working Group, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK. 10th December 2009
Linked Open Government Data and the Semantic WebJames Hendler
Linked data (Semantic Web) technology has been valuable in promoting govt transparency by allowing mashups of govt data in the US, UK and elsewhere. This talk overviews the promise, status and challenges in this space.
Information Extraction and Linked Data CloudDhaval Thakker
In the media industry there is a great emphasis on providing descriptive metadata as part of the media assets to the consumers. Information extraction (IE) is considered an important tool for metadata generation process and its performance largely depend on the knowledge base it utilizes. The advances in the “Linked Data Cloud” research provide a great opportunity for generating such knowledge base that benefit from the participation of wider community. In this talk, I will discuss our experiences of utilizing Linked Data Cloud in conjunction with a GATE-based IE system.
This is a general presentation that is appropriate for anyone that is just learning concepts of semantic integration. This presentation covers some of the background concepts underlying semantics (Ogden\'s Semantic Triangle), lexical and conceptual mapping, metadata registries, metadata discovery and semantic thinking. Excellent for an introductory class in business semantics.
Knowing what AI Systems Don't know and Why it mattersJames Hendler
A discussion of chatGPT and some other examples with respect to accuracy and other issues - a general background talk for those interested in the subject
Exploring the Boundaries of Artificial Intelligence (or "Modern AI")James Hendler
A discussion of the strengths and limitations of some current AI systems including chatGPT and DALL-E. Originally presented at University of Leicester Feb 2023.
The original abstract, title and bio were generated by chatGPT -- the first three slides show corrections -- original talk announcement included:
"Please note: The title, abstract and Hendler’s bio above were written by “GPT3,” a modern AI system. It contains information which is both correct and incorrect. That will be the topic of this talk."
Presentation at "International knowledge graph workshop" at KDD 2020. The short overview talk shows how we have moved from Semantic Web to Linked Data to Knowledge Graphs. We argue that the same "a little semantics goes a long way" principle from the early days of the Semantic Web still is needed today -- some lessons learned and steps ahead are outlined.
Keynote talk presented at WebScience 2020 conference. Looks at roots of Web/Web Science and explores two possible futures and what web scientists and others can do about it. Even starts with a quote from Charles Dickins.
Capacity Building: Data Science in the University At Rensselaer Polytechnic ...James Hendler
In this short talk, presented at the ITU's Capacity Building Symposium, I review some of the pedagogical innovation in data science happening at Rensselaer (RPI) and some aspects of teaching data science that are crucial to larger success.
Enhancing Precision Wellness with Knowledge Graphs and Semantic Analytics: O...James Hendler
Talk presented at Bio-IT 2018 (machine learning track) - explores some approaches to overcoming challenges of using machine learning systems in healthcare applications.
This talk presents areas of investigation underway at the Rensselaer Institute for Data Exploration and Applications. First presented at Flipkart, Bangalore India, 3/2015.
The Rensselaer Institute for Data Exploration and Applications is addressing new modes of data exploration and integration to enhance the work of campus researchers (and beyond). This talk outlines the "data exploration" technologies being explored
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Empowering NextGen Mobility via Large Action Model Infrastructure (LAMI): pav...
"Why the Semantic Web will Never Work" (note the quotes)
1. “Why the Semantic Web will Never Work”(note the quote marks!) Jim Hendler RPI http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~hendler @jahendler (sorry, not in rhyme)
2. Friends, Romans (& Greeks), CountrymenLend me your ears I have come to bury the semantic web, not to praise it
3. Does it mean Why our critics were wrong when they said “The Semantic Web will Never Work” or Why the Semantic Web will Never Achieve the Vision we had for it (at least if we don’t fix things)
4. Yes (not Xor) Outline Some current Semantic Web Successes Revisit the Semantic Web vision What did we say we would do Review successes and failures What has worked as well (or better) than we expected What hasn’t What are some challenges to overcome to achieve the latter?
7. Pre-HistoryWho first conceived of the Semantic Web?Tim Berners-Lee (WWW Geneva, 1994) "This is a pity, as in fact documents on the web describe real objects and imaginary concepts, and give particular relationships between them... For example, a document might describe a person. The title document to a house describes a house and also the ownership relation with a person. ... This means that machines, as well as people operating on the web of information, can do real things. For example, a program could search for a house and negotiate transfer of ownership of the house to a new owner. The land registry guarantees that the title actually represents reality.” Tim Berners-Lee plenary presentation at WWW Geneva, 1994
8. Beyond XML:Agent Semantics Prehistory: 1st funding talk Oct. 1999 DARPA will lead the way with the development of Agent markup Language (DAML) a “semantic” language that ties the information on a page to machine readable semantics (ontology) Currently being explored at University level SHOE (Maryland), Ontobroker(Karlsruhe),OWL(Washington Univ) Largely grows from past DARPA programs (I3, ARPI) But not transitioning W3C focused on short-term gain:HTML/XML <ONTOLOGY ID=”powerpoint-ontology" VERSION="1.0" DESCRIPTION=”formal model for powerpoint presentations"> <DEF-CATEGORY NAME=”Title" ISA=”Pres-Feature" > <DEF-CATEGORY NAME=”Subtitle" ISA=”Pres-Feature" > <DEF-RELATION NAME=”title-of" SHORT="was written by"> <DEF-ARG POS=1 TYPE=”presentation"> <DEF-ARG POS=2 TYPE=”presenter" > <Title> Beyond XML <subtitle> agent semantics </subtitle> </title> <USE-ONTOLOGY ID=”PPT-ontology" VERSION="1.0" PREFIX=”PP" URL= "http://iwp.darpa.mil/ppt..html"> <CATEGORY NAME=”pp.presentation” FOR="http://iwp.darpa.mil/jhendler/agents.html"> <RELATION-VALUE POS1 = “Agents” POS2 = “/jhendler”>
13. Web “travel agents” How many cows are there in Texas? Query processed: 73 answers found Google document search finds 235,312 possible page hits. Http://www…/CowTexas.html claims the answer is 289,921,836 A database entitled “Texas Cattle Association” can be queried for the answer, but you will need “authorization as a state employee.” A computer program that can compute that number is offered by the State of Texas Cattleman’s Cooperative, click here to run program. ... The “sex network” can answer anything that troubles you, click here for relief... The “UFO network” claims the “all cows in Texas have been replaced by aliens “Agent” Markup Language
19. So where have we got to Semantic Web technology use has exceeded even my wildest expectations What is different now? Semantic Search All the big kids are playing! Advertising drives Web markets “Markets are created by disaggregating the producer and the consumer” “Buzz” around data on the Web esp. Open Government Data
20. Example: OGP use growing quicklyFacebook incentivizing use of RDFa like buttons 15,178 sites of top 1,000,000 as of 3/3/11 Oct 2010: FB reportsRDFa is ~ 10-15% of > 3,000,000 likes per day! Facebook is encouraging developers to use the RDFaversion
21. Because they want the links! The network is where their money is made! (predicted >$5B of advertising in next two years)
26. Example: Flickr tag “James”; Amazon tag “My-…”The Network effect requires links (Hendler & Golbeck, JWS, 2008)
27. The database community fallacy The semantic web will never scale,1,000,000 triples and things go to heck Winner of the 2009 Billion Triples Challenge Just plain wrong!!
28. “ad hoc” data integrationexample: Linked Open Govt Data More than 50 of these at http://logd.tw.rpi.edu See also http://data.gov and http://data.gov.uk
29. And we do things the DB community struggles with
30. Another Shirky criticism This is just a make-work program to keep AI scientists busy doing what they’ve always done Cannot create an ontology at Web Scale AI never works so it won’t this time Logic and reasoning will not work on the Web because people disagree and because logic isn’t powerful enough for what is needed (ok, he called it syllogism, but we know what he meant)
37. The “bottom” of the Semantic Web What isseeing the mostuse?? RDFa
38. The success of “Linked Data” Maturation of RDF technologies SPARQL endpoints Fits Web development models RDFa Works well with current search paradigms A little semantics goes a long way BUT WHAT IS STUNNING IS JUST HOW LITTLE! Equality via same URI RDFa mostly w/DBMS not triple store Not only no reasoning, but hardly any “principled” inferencing!
40. Decidable Logic basis inconsistency Ontology: the OWL DL view Ontology as Barad-Dur (Sauron's tower): Extremely powerful! Patrolled by Orcs Let one little hobbit in, and the whole thing could come crashing down
41. ontology: the linked-data view ontology and the tower of Babel We will build a tower to reach the sky We only need a little ontological agreement Who cares if we all speak different languages? Genesis 11:7 Let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech. So the Lord scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth: and they left off to build the city.
42. OWL has had successes Examples from Clark and Parsia (2011) Decision-support tool for sales people to automate policy driven cross-selling recommendations at very large US bank built out of RDF integrated data, OWL reasoning, and Pellet At global 25 company (another bank) OWL and Pellet form the core of a bank-wide Entitlements service to represent, analyze, and query every access control policy for the entire bank, globally, in 50+ legal jurisdictions And many other companies could claim similar But most of these sorts of systems are still just coming out of prototype phase And most are still more “expert” system than Web app
43. The tough love stuff OWL is succeeding to a large degree as a KR standard Building “expert systems” as a business has never gone away; OWL improves tooling But it is largely failing in bringing representation to the WWW cf. “misuse” of owl:sameAs >> “proper” use cf. rdf:class >> owl:class cf. it is rare that ontologies link to others
44. The gap is growing Linked-Data-based applications are growing in size, number and importance on the Web But the “vocabulary” story is still unclear Ontology research is turning OWL into a usable KR standard, But the linking story is still unclear No linking without vocabularies No network effect without links
45. What I think we MUST do Bridging the gap between the linked-data and ontology views requires some key research challenges to be addressed DL (and FOL) are useful formalisms for KR&R, but do not address the needs of the Web! Empirical comparisons are useful in scaling systems, but do not address the needs of an academic community!
46. My Challenge to you A sufficient formalism for Semantic Web applications must Provide a model that accounts for linked data What is the equivalent of a DB calculus? Provide a means for evaluating incomplete reasoners In practice we must be able to model A-box effects as formally as T-box technologies
47. Be bold! A sufficient formalism for Semantic Web applications must also Define what an ontology isontologies really are Including external referents linking between terms Including ontology alignment partial mapping Including non-expressive formalisms real-world “errors”
48. It just might work… One idea on how to get there Define common problems that offer features of interest to both communities Compare approaches with respect to performance Develop hybrids that have best features of both as necessary Repeat (thanks Bettina!)
49. Summary IADIS-2008 The infrastructure needs of intelligent systems are now being met by a combination of Semantic Web, Linked Data, Web Services and Rule-based systems Knowledge engineering can be jumpstarted from existing terminologies/ontologies, semi-structured systems, and other Web resources Web Services (espWSDL, SAWSDL) provide "wrappers" and other methods to let "legacy" systems play with agents Reasoners and rule-based systems are scaling in new ways, and receiving some standardization So where are all the agents???
50. Conclusion: “Why the Semantic Web will never work”? No reason at all The Semantic Web is here, it is working, and it will continue to do so But, for it to move to the next level and be all that we as a community have aspired for We must revisit and update the early visions for the modern web We must unify the “competing” models of linked-data and machine-readable vocabularies We must step up to some critical research challenges
52. Research Challenges What is the Web culture? Design/use/analysis are connected to "cultural stereotypes" (Think HSBC ads) What are the cultural stereotypes in the emerging online community? What level of "knowledge" is needed by Web users? Is this dependent on application? User community? Is expressivity a plus, minus, non-issue? Especially in an open system (previous AI systems were "closed"
53. Research Challenges Computational challenges as "end user" support Scaling Semantic Web HCI (What do we show "real users"?) What are the trade-offs in use Virtually all AI literature assumes a high-cost, high-value model The Semantic Web is showing us alternative models What are the trade-offs, analyses If more and more of what we see includes integrated data from multiple sources, will that change the trust models Do we need to expose provenance? Will "provider" model be changed?
54. Research Challenges Who are the "experts" What level of expertise is needed to become "dangerous" with this new technology? What is the "ecosystem" (what is the equivalent of Web developer/web master/web user?) If more and more of what we see includes integrated data from multiple sources, will that change the trust models Do we need to expose provenance? Will "provider" model be changed? Formal vs. informal models of ontology I didn't discuss "folksonomy" but a key aspect is "social context" (Hendler & Golbeck, 08) Can social contexts use