Week 7 (Mercantilism)
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This document summarizes European expansion and the rise of mercantilism between 1500-1750. It discusses key events like the Reformation, the Spanish Armada, and the Thirty Years' War. It then explains the principles of mercantilism, including establishing colonies to extract resources, using tariffs to favor domestic industries, and viewing trade as a zero-sum game. It outlines how European nations established global trade networks and colonial empires in the Americas and Africa during this period, expanding the slave trade and introducing new commodities to Europe.
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The document summarizes the planting and development of English colonies in North America between 1500-1733. It discusses the Protestant Reformation in England, early failed colonial attempts like Roanoke, the founding of Jamestown in 1607, the growth of tobacco as a cash crop, the establishment of representative government with the House of Burgesses in 1619, the founding of other colonies like Maryland and the Carolinas, and the rise of the plantation system and slavery in the southern colonies. It provides important context for the initial period of English colonization in North America.
Unit 3 – A Highly Unsuccessful King
King Philip II of Spain faced many challenges in ruling his vast empire in the 16th century. While he maintained Catholic unity and controlled the Church, the financial costs of defending the empire and fighting heresy led to government paralysis by the 1590s. Several provinces rebelled due to economic issues and military defeats against France, England, and the Dutch weakened Spanish power. By the end of Philip's reign, the seeds were sown for Spain's later decline, though he did unify the Iberian Peninsula and achieve some cultural and military successes for Spain.
Us history # 5
This document discusses the politics of empire and colonization between 1550-1750. Specifically, it outlines the competition between European powers like England, Spain, France, and the Netherlands for control of colonies and trade in the New World. This led to a series of wars throughout the 16th-17th-18th centuries as these countries sought to monopolize land, resources, peoples and trade in the Americas and globally. It also discusses the English conquest and colonization of Ireland and how that model was applied in British colonies in North America and the Caribbean.
Chapter 19 royal power and conflict
This document provides an overview of the monarchies in Europe during the Age of Absolutism. It discusses several key monarchs including Philip II of Spain, Elizabeth I of England, Louis XIV of France, and the conflicts between Protestant and Catholic states in the German territories. The main points covered are Philip II's rule over Spain from 1556-1598 and his religious persecution policies, the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, Louis XIV's consolidation of power in France through policies like the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and the devastation caused by the Thirty Years War in the German states from 1618-1648.
US History 2nd Class
This document provides background information on European exploration and colonization in the 15th-16th centuries. It discusses the Spanish and Portuguese empires in the Americas, financed by funds confiscated from Spanish Jews forced out by the Inquisition. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided control of the new world between Spain and Portugal. It also notes the near elimination of the indigenous population in Mexico within a century due to warfare, famine, disease and lower birth rates, reducing the population by 90%. French colonialism focused on fur trading while English colonialism began through slavery and plunder.
The modern age session 4
Three Habsburg kings ruled Spain in the 17th century: Felipe III, Felipe IV, and Carlos II. Powerful ministers controlled governmental administration on behalf of the kings. Spain was involved in many wars over territory and religion during this time, including the Thirty Years War, and lost territories in Europe by century's end. The population decreased due to deaths in warfare, famines, plagues, and emigration to the Americas in search of better lives. Muslims were expelled from some areas of Spain, separating children from their parents, though some had been successful merchants previously. The Habsburg dynasty ended in 1700 upon the childless death of King Carlos II.
3 England & India Before the Raj: New Products, New Militarism
The East India Company must accommodate to changing regimes in Britain. Its product create changing tastes: tea, cotton cloths and diamonds. A look at Company officials who get rich on diamonds.
Chapter 19 royal power and conflict
The document summarizes the monarchies of Europe during the Age of Absolutism, including Philip II of Spain who ruled from 1556-1598 and faced social unrest and resistance in the Netherlands. It also discusses Elizabeth I of England who ruled from 1558-1603 and maintained England's balance of power in Europe, as well as Louis XIV of France who ruled from 1643-1715 and centralized the monarch's power. Finally, it briefly outlines the conflicts between Protestant and Catholic states in Germany in the 16th-18th centuries.
Rs
The document provides an overview of global imperialism and responses to Western dominance from the late 18th century to early 20th century. It summarizes the rise and fall of major empires like the British, French, Dutch, German, Ottoman, and Qing empires. It also discusses resistance movements and reforms in colonized regions like India, Vietnam, Egypt, and Africa. Finally, it examines the modernization of Japan in response to Western influence and the independence movements and struggles in Latin America after breaking from Spain and Portugal.
Gr
The document provides an overview of global imperialism and responses to Western dominance from the late 18th century to early 20th century. It summarizes the rise and fall of major empires like the British, French, Dutch, German, Ottoman, and Qing empires. It also discusses resistance movements and reforms in colonized regions like India, Vietnam, Egypt, and Africa. Finally, it examines the modernization of Japan in response to Western influence and the independence movements and struggles in Latin America after breaking from Spain and Portugal.
EXTRA CREDIT American Colonies
The document discusses several key events in the development of the American colonies from the 17th to 18th centuries. It describes how the English needed to expand their military in the late 17th century to fund the army, leading to new taxes and the creation of the Bank of England. It also discusses the growing economic and cultural connections between Britain and its North American colonies through increased trade, the development of colonial newspapers, and the influence of religious revivals in the colonies. Finally, it provides an overview of European imperial conflicts in North America, including the French and Indian War, which resulted in France ceding its North American territories to Britain.
Week 13 (The HIgh Middle Ages)
The document summarizes the key events and developments of the High Middle Ages from 1000-1300 AD. During this time, feudalism dominated politics and society in Europe. The feudal system organized people into classes of lords, vassals, and peasants. The Catholic Church also greatly influenced medieval culture and politics. Other major developments included the rise of medieval universities, the conflict between kings and popes, the Black Death pandemic, and the growth of trade along routes like the Silk Road.
Exploration and Colonization (APUSH)
The Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1630s with the goals of creating a "City upon a Hill" and purifying the Church of England. They emphasized self-governance through democratic town meetings and a strict moral code based on Calvinist beliefs. However, dissent grew within the colony as it struggled to maintain religious conformity, leading to events like the trial of Mistress Anne Hibbens for alleged witchcraft in the 1650s.
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3 England & India Before the Raj: New Products, New Militarism
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Week 16 (Sectionalism and the Civil War)
The Civil War began as tensions rose between the North and South over the issues of states' rights and slavery. The Compromise of 1850 attempted to address these tensions but failed to provide a long-term solution. Violence increased throughout the 1850s as the country moved toward civil war. Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, prompting Southern states to secede and form the Confederate States of America. The Civil War officially began in April 1861 and resulted in over 600,000 casualties before ending in April 1865 with the Union victory and emancipation of slaves.
Week 13 (Nationalism)
This document discusses the rise of nationalism in Europe between 1815 and 1871. It provides an overview of key events that contributed to nationalism such as the Revolutions of 1848 in response to conservative rule, the development of communist ideas by Marx and Engels, and the establishment of the Second French Republic in 1848. It also describes how nationalism united previously divided states like Italy and Germany through the leadership of figures like Cavour, Garibaldi and Bismarck and the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War.
HIS 102 8 The French Revolution
The French Revolution occurred from 1789 to 1815 and established a republic that underwent several different governmental periods. This included the National Assembly, Legislative Assembly, National Convention which established the Reign of Terror led by Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety that executed over 10,000 people. Napoleon later rose to power, first becoming Consul and then crowning himself Emperor in 1804, establishing the First French Empire that engaged in numerous military campaigns across Europe until his eventual defeat at Waterloo in 1815.
HIS 121 5 Revolutionary America 1763-1783
This document provides an outline summarizing key events and developments during the American Revolutionary period from 1763 to 1783. It discusses the tightening British control over the colonies, the growing tensions between Patriots and Loyalists, the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and the major battles of the Revolutionary War. It also examines the radical implications of the Revolution in establishing republican principles of popular sovereignty, civic virtue, and natural rights over monarchical rule.
Week 3 (Rivers and Nomads)
This document provides an overview of ancient Egypt between c. 5000-1200 BC. It discusses the geography of Egypt and the importance of the Nile River. It then outlines the major historical periods and rulers of ancient Egypt, from the Predynastic and Archaic Period to the New Kingdom and Late Period. Key aspects of Egyptian civilization discussed include hieroglyphics, pyramids and funerary architecture, religion, and important pharaohs like Hatshepsut, Ramses II, and Akhenaten.
Week 4 (Nomads and States)
The document summarizes major civilizations and events in the Bronze Age Near East between 2000 BC to 500 BC in 3 paragraphs:
1) The Babylonians led by Hammurabi established the first Babylonian empire in Mesopotamia in the early 2nd millennium BC. The Hittites also formed an empire in Anatolia during this time.
2) The Assyrians rose to power in the Iron Age following the collapse of the Bronze Age. They expanded their empire throughout the Near East under rulers like Tiglath-pileser III and Ashurbanipal.
3) Indo-European peoples like the Aryans migrated to India and established Vedic
Week 2 (Mesopotamia)
The document summarizes the emergence of early civilizations in Mesopotamia, specifically Sumer, between 8000-2000 BC. Key points include:
- Sumer was one of the earliest civilizations, centered around urban settlements along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Mesopotamia.
- Sumerian cities developed distinct social, political, religious, and economic structures, including the earliest system of writing known as cuneiform.
- Favorable environmental conditions like flooding of the rivers and deposition of silt encouraged the rise of agriculture and larger, permanent cities in Mesopotamia during this period.
Week 3 (Egypt)
The document provides an overview of ancient Egyptian history from c. 3000 BC to the Roman conquest in 33 BC. It outlines the major historical periods and dynasties, important pharaohs such as Narmer, Djoser, Snefru, Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Hatshepsut, Ramses II, Akhenaten, and Tutankhamen. It also describes key aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization like the geography of Egypt, hieroglyphics, monumental architecture including pyramids and temples, burial practices, religion, and mummification. The document uses images to illustrate important sites, artifacts, and figures from ancient Egypt.
Week 2 (Rivers)
This document provides an overview of early civilizations that emerged around river valleys between 4000-2000 BC. It discusses the rise of urban centers in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley that were supported by agriculture along major rivers. These early civilizations exhibited distinct social hierarchies, religious structures, and the development of writing systems like cuneiform. Specific examples are given of early Sumerian city-states like Uruk and Ur that built ziggurats and established dynasties during the Bronze Age. The document also notes the later Akkadian Empire that expanded territorial rule across Mesopotamia under rulers like Sargon and Naram-Sin.
Week 1 (Introduction)
This document provides an overview and chronology of the Stone Age period from approximately 10,000 BC to 3000 BC. It discusses early human societies such as nomadic hunter-gatherer bands and the Neolithic Revolution around 10,000 BC when humans transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle, domesticating plants and animals. Key developments during this period included the rise of sedentary settlements and the emergence of the first civilizations along major river valleys in the Middle East.
Week 1 (Introduction)
This document provides an overview and syllabus for a course on history called "Becoming Human: The Stone Age". It discusses key topics that will be covered in the course including hominids, the New Stone Age, civilization, and homework assignments. The document also includes quotes from James Mattis on the importance of studying history and provides timelines and information on the spread of early humans, the Neolithic Age, domestication of plants and animals, and the birth of early civilizations.
Week 13 (The Early Middle Ages)
The document provides an overview of the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of new political entities in Europe between 200-1000 AD. It discusses the decline of the Roman Empire, the establishment of the Byzantine Empire, the spread of Islam and the Arab Caliphate, and the emergence of new Germanic kingdoms like the Franks and the Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne. The period saw the transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages in Europe and the rise of new religious and political forces like Christianity, Islam, and decentralized feudal rule.
Week 15 (The High Middle Ages)
The document summarizes key developments during the High Middle Ages from 900-1300 AD. It discusses the Cluny Reforms that revitalized the Catholic Church, the Crusades launched to retake the Holy Land from Muslim rule, and the rise of feudalism and manorialism in medieval Europe. It also describes the growth of towns, trade, and intellectual centers, as well as the establishment of universities and the flourishing of Gothic cathedrals, scholasticism, and courtly love in medieval culture.
Week 13 (The Middle Ages)
This document provides an overview of the Middle Ages in Europe from 500-1200 AD. It discusses the political developments in England including the rule of Alfred the Great, William the Conqueror, and the establishment of common law. It also summarizes the Cluny Reforms in the Catholic Church, the East-West Schism, and Urban II's call for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont in 1095 to retake the Holy Land. The Crusades lasted into the late 13th century and involved conflicts between Christians, Muslims, and Byzantines over control of religious sites. Feudalism developed as a political and economic system during this period.
Week 12 (After Rome)
The document summarizes major developments in Europe and the Middle East between 500-1000 AD. It discusses the Byzantine Empire under Justinian, the rise of Islam and the Arab conquests under Muhammad, and the Carolingian Empire in the West under Charlemagne. It also notes later invasions by Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims from the 9th-10th centuries. The period saw the decline of the Western Roman Empire, rise of Byzantium and Islamic caliphates, and establishment of new political entities in post-Roman Europe.
Week 7 (Imperialism)
This document provides an overview of the period from the 1840s to World War II, focusing on imperialism, late 19th century culture, World War I, and the interwar years. It includes summaries of key events like the Opium Wars, the Scramble for Africa, and World War I. It also examines factors that contributed to imperialism like technology, economics, racism, and the idea of a "civilizing mission". The document uses quotes, maps, photographs and videos to illustrate these topics.
Week 13 (The 19th Century)
The document provides an overview of major events and developments in the 19th century, including revolutions in Haiti, Latin America, and China; the Industrial Revolution and associated economic changes; nationalist movements; religious revivals; imperialism in Asia and Africa; and conflicts such as the American Civil War and Taiping Rebellion. Key figures and their contributions are also mentioned, along with the social and economic impacts of industrialization.
Week 12 (The Medieval Church)
This document provides an overview of the Medieval Christian Church between 500-1200 AD, including:
1) Key events and figures in England like Alfred the Great and the Norman invasion of 1066.
2) Religious reforms like the Cluny reforms which fought simony and increased papal authority under figures like Gregory VII.
3) The Crusades which were called to help the Byzantine Empire against the Turks and recapture the Holy Land, beginning with Urban II's speech at Clermont in 1095 and resulting in the capture of Jerusalem in 1099.
4) Medieval culture developed under the influence of Crusading which mixed Frankish, Islamic, and Byzantine influences and led to
Week 6 (The 19th Century)
The document provides an overview of the Long 19th Century from the mid-1700s to the mid-1800s. It discusses the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte and his reign over France, the Industrial Revolution in Europe, and the Congress of Vienna in 1815. It also examines the new ideologies of conservatism, liberalism, socialism, and nationalism that emerged during this period and how they influenced political changes and the revolutions of 1848 across Europe.
Week 10 (The Late Roman Empire)
The document provides an overview of the Late Roman Empire from 69 BC to AD 400. It discusses the Crisis of the 3rd Century during which the Roman Empire faced invasions from barbarians and economic troubles. The emperor Diocletian established the Dominate system with the Tetrarchy to try to stabilize the empire. Constantine moved the capital to Constantinople and adopted Christianity, though theological disputes around Arianism emerged. The empire continued to face invasions and by AD 476, the Western Roman Empire fell. Christianity spread throughout the empire during this period and new forms of monasticism developed after the fall of Rome.
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9
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structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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Week 7 (Mercantilism)
- 2. Overview • 1500 – 1750 • State Power – The Reformation – Philip II – The 30 Years’ War • Mercantilism – Colonies in the Americas – The Atlantic World – Slavery Henry Sidney, Lord Deputy of Ireland, 1581
- 4. Philip II of Spain (b. 1527, r. 1556-1598) • Height of Spanish power • Son of Charles V (H.R.E.) • Empire • Bureaucracy • Legados • Foreign policy: Catholic Church – Council of Trent Titian, Philip II, c. 1554.
- 5. Philip II of Spain
- 6. The Mediterranean, 16th Century
- 7. Philip’s Wars • Navy • Battle of Lepanto (1571) – Holy/Catholic League (Spain, Pope, Knights of Malta, Italian city-states) – vs. Selim II and the Ottoman Empire • The Spanish Armada (1588) – Mary I (b. 1516, r. 1553-1558) – Elizabeth I of England (b. 1533, r. 1588-1603) – “Protestant Wind” Battle of Lepanto, Paolo Veronese, c. 1572
- 8. Route of the Spanish Armada
- 9. Queen Elizabeth’s Armada Portrait
- 10. Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) • The Holy Roman Empire • Ferdinand II, King of Bohemia • Defenestration of Prague • 25-30% of German pop. Killed • France • Peace of Westphalia, 1648 • Lessons
- 11. Phases of the Thirty Years’ War • Bohemian Phase (1618-1625) – Catholics vs. Protestants – Ferdinand II elected King of Bohemia, Protestants rebel • Danish Phase (1625-1629) – Denmark invades to help Protestants, Anti-Hapsburg – Edict of Restitution • Swedish Phase (1630-1635) – Gustavus Adolphus supports Protestants; Swedish Empire – Edict of Restitution repealed • French Phase (1635-1648) – France enters the war against Catholics
- 12. The Thirty Years’ War
- 13. Soldiers Plunders a Farm, 1620
- 14. “Wealth is power and power is wealth.” -Thomas Hobbes
- 15. Mercantilism • Definition • Silver • Zero sum game • Specie • Monetization • Government Role • Global Trade • Tariffs • Territories/Colonies • Board of Trade, 1696 • Canton System, 1759
- 16. Trade Routes Spanish Piece of Eight, Philip V, 1739
- 17. Commodities
- 18. Commodities • New Colonies • Commodities – Silk – Coffee & Tea – Porcelain – Pelts – Tobacco – Rice – Sugar • Specie – Silver • Potosi, 1545
- 20. Sugar
- 21. New Colonies • Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 • Jamestown, 1607 • Quebec, 1608 • New Amsterdam, 1623 • Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1630
- 24. American Colonies • Mercantilism • Chartered Companies – Virginia Company – Dutch East India Company – Mississippi Company • Spanish – Encomiendas – Peninsulars – Creoles – Mestizos • French – Middle Ground – Metis • English/British – Ireland – Plantations – Mulattos
- 25. The Mississippi Company Bubble, 1720
- 26. 18th Century, New Spain
- 27. Slavery
- 28. Slavery • Labor – Serfs/Peasants – American Indians – Indentured Servants – Criminals – Slaves • Islamic Slave Trade • Americas – Middle Passage – Tight Packing vs. Loose Packing • Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676 – Slave Codes • African Response – Kingdom of Kongo – Benin – Loango – Asante
- 29. p66
- 30. Fort at Gorée, Senegal
- 31. African States, 1500–1650 31 Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
- 34. Queen Nzinga (r. 1623-1663)
- 35. Bronze Plaque, Benin, 15th Century
- 36. Loango
Editor's Notes
- MAP 13.3 The Height of Spanish Power Under Philip II. Like his father, Charles V, Philip II, the ‘‘Most Catholic King,’’ was a champion of the Catholic cause against Protestantism. He sought to maintain Habsburg control in the Netherlands by combating a Protestant revolt, a rebellion eventually supported by Queen Elizabeth of England. Spain’s attempt to invade England in 1588 ended in disaster.
- An African Slave Coffle Yoked and bound, these men, women, and children were on their way to a coastal slave market, where they would be herded aboard ship for the Americas.