The atmosphere has different layers, including the troposphere where weather occurs. Weather describes current atmospheric conditions like temperature and precipitation. Climate describes average weather conditions over a long period of time for a particular region. The world is divided into climate zones based on heat received from the sun, including hot, temperate, and cold zones with different characteristic climates like rainforests, savannahs, and deserts. Spain has a variety of climates due to its location and terrain, ranging from mild and rainy in northern regions to hot and dry in interior regions.