Water induced disaster risks pose a serious threat in Ramche VDC of Nepal. The area is vulnerable to landslides, floods and other hazards due to its geology and heavy monsoon rains. In 2014, the Jure landslide killed 156 people. To prevent future disasters, risk management measures are needed, including hazard mapping, relocating residents, improving drainage, using bioengineering techniques, and developing early warning systems. The Jure landslide had major social, economic, and psychological impacts on the community that still require addressing, such as providing permanent housing and infrastructure. Without proper management, Ramche faces the risk of another devastating landslide.

1. Water Induced Disaster Risk
Management

2. Some Definitions
Hazard: Condition or a phenomenon
that has potential to create loss of life
and property
Vulnerability: Extent to which the community will
affected by an impact of certain hazard.
Capacity: Ability of certain community to mitigate, prepare
or quickly recover from a disaster

3. Disaster: Tragic event causing significant
physical damage or destruction, loss of life
and property or drastic change in the
environment.

4. Risk: Probability that the hazard will cause
damage to life, property and environment
R = HAZARD x
VULNERABILITY
CAPACITY

5. Water induced disaster risks are the risks which arise due to
actions of water on the existing hazard.
Avalanche
Flood
Tsunamii
Landslide
GLOF

7. Water Induced Disaster Risk Management: Systematic process of using administrative
decisions, organizations, operational capacities to implement policies, strategies and
coping capacities to lessen the impacts of hazards.
It comprises of the following
components:
1. Mitigation: Measures taken prior to the disaster to minimize its effects.

8. 2. Preparedness: Measures taken in anticipation of a
disaster.
3. Response: Measures taken aftermath of disaster.

9. 4. Recovery: Re-establishments of services and provisions.

10. The Study Area

11. Ramche VDC of Sindhupalchowk District

12. Features of Ramche
 Located at the boundary of Lesser Himalayas and Higher Himalayas.
 Main Central Thrust (MCT) passes through this area.
 Has Kunchha formation consisting of thinly bedded phyllites, gritty phyllites with thin intercalation of
white
quartzite.
 Highly vulnerable to the water induced disasters such as landslide, soil erosion, slope failure, mass
movement etc. due to
• poor geological condition
• high relief and steep slopes
• active geology and
• intense monsoon rainfall.
 Was struck by a BIG landslide known as Jure Landslide on August 2, 2014 which claimed lives of
156 people.
Ramche
Jure Landslide

14.  To observe the potential risks of Ramche VDC and people who will be affected by it.
 To propose mitigation measures which can be adopted to minimize or eliminate those r
 To propose a safe habitable area for the people of Ramche VDC currently residing in the
vulnerable area.
 To study the social, economic and psychological impacts of the Jure landslide.
 To propose plans and strategies to minimize or eliminate the problems being faced by l
people due to the landslide.

17. Landslide
Risk of
Ramche
Attention of
concerned
authority needed.
Risk
management
needed ASAP.
If not managed,
Ramche will face
another Jure
Landslide
People live in
constant fear
of imminent
landslide.

18. Study of Jure Landslide
To know the capabilities of a disaster
To know social impacts of the Landslide
To know economic impacts of the
Landslide.
To know the psychological impacts.

19. Methodolog
y

20. Methods of Data Collection
Primary
Method
Secondary
Method
A questionnaire was prepared to meet the
requirements of the project.
Concerned informants were interviewed
and their answers were recorded.
Thorough study of the present
state of Nepal in the context of its
vulnerability towards the water-
induced disasters.
Different journals and research papers
were referenced

21. Methods of Data
Analysis
 Consisted of examining the surveys for correctness and completeness.
 The information collected by the enumerators was compiled and studied.
 Finally the refined data was analyzed with the help of construction
of the bar graph created using Excel 2013

22. Discussions

23. Landslide Risks of Ramche
Dhad-Kharka Khakre Hill

24. Landslide Risks of Ramche
Chepe Gaun Scouring by Sunkoshi River

25. Landslide Risks of Ramche
Earthquake: Recent
major earthquake of 25
April and its aftershocks
have weakened the
fragile rocks of Ramche.
Cracks have been
developed at various
places.

26. 202
14 15
DHAD-KHARKA KHAKRE HILL CROWN OF JURE LANDSLIDE
Numberofhouseholdsatrisk
Hazard Areas
Hazard Areas and Households at Risk
Dhad-Kharka Khakre Hill Crown of Jure Landslide

28. Mitigatio
n

29. .
 To drain out the excess water and prevent it from entering the rock
cracks.
Surface Drainage
 Consists of
Drainage Collection Works
To collect surface flow by installing corrugated
half pipes or lined U-ditches along the slopes.
Drainage Channel Works
To remove the collected water out of the
landslide zone as quickly as possible .

30. Surface Erosion Control
It can be achieved by the use of geomats and steel wire mesh.
Geomat Steel Wire Mesh

31. Anchors
Reinforcement Measures
Network
of
micropiles
Soil
Nailing
Anchors Micropiles Nailing

32. Retaining Walls
 Designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil.
 Prevent smaller sized and secondary landslides that often occur
along the toe portion of the larger landslides.

33. Bio-
engineering
Application of engineering design and technology to living systems
 Offers environmental friendly and highly cost and time effective solution t
slope instability and problems in mountainous and hilly areas.

34. Weak geology Poor economy
Political instability
Lack of skilled manpower

35. Surface Drainage

36. Geomats

37. Steel Wire Mesh

38. Bio-Engineering

39. Preparedness

40.  Landslide hazard zonation of Ramche.
 Awareness of the local people.
 Organization of communication, information and warning sys
 Stock of foods, drugs and other essential commodities.
 Development of evacuation plans.
 Provision of landslide insurance

41. Response

42.  Emergency response to a landslide should be pre-planned
 Resources needed to cope with the disaster should be amassed
 Search and rescue of affected persons is paramount

43. Jure Landslide

44. Social Impacts

45. Economic
Impacts
 Destruction of 2 km section of Arniko Highway.
 Inundation of power house of the Sanima Hydropower Project.
 Washing away of two gates of Sunkoshi Hydropower dam
 Destruction of huge amount of property worth millions.

47. Problems due to
Jure Landslide
 People are still living in the tents and temporary huts.
 No nearby water resources is available in those areas.
Problems of irrigation due to destruction of low scale irrigation
channels.
 Problems of frequent power cuts due to damaging of electric sup
lines.
 No plans from government to migrate the people living in risky a

49. The displaced people should be relocated out of the camp
 Small huts with necessary sanitation can be constructed.

50.  Water supply pipelines should be laid as soon as possible.

51.  Irrigation channels should be reconstructed

52.  Electricity supply poles should be erected and supply lines shoul
established.

53. People from affected area should be provided jobs to support th

54.  People of Ramche VDC living in the risky areas should be relocat
If relocation is not possible, then the geological threats should be
minimized.

56.  Water induced disaster risks are common in the scenario of Nepa
 Ramche VDC which suffered a major landslide in recent times is
vulnerable to further disasters.
 It is necessary to adopt disaster risk management schemes in this
village to avoid imminent disasters.
The mistakes carried out in the past should not be repeated and sa
of villagers of Ramche be ensured as soon as possible.

58. Dipendra
Man Rajak
Gokul Saud Himalay Shah
Kamlesh
Yadav
Manoj Kafle
Raj Kumar
Khadka