The document defines and describes various building and construction terms related to exterior building components and systems. It provides definitions and descriptions of items like air barriers, attic ventilation components, excavation equipment, foundation elements, framing components, roofing materials and shapes, windows, insulation methods, plumbing fixtures, electrical systems, masonry units, and stone/brick patterns.

1. Visual Dictionary BSCI 2300 Spring 2010

2. Air Barrier Paper Air Barrier Paper – an external membrane applied to the sheathing before the veneer is applied which serves as a weather barrier and helps to prevent air infiltration into the home.

3. Attic Ventilation – Serves to allow water vapor to escape and to allow the hot attic air to escape by providing an intake at the eaves through the soffit vents which allows the warmer air to escape through the roof vents. Attic Ventilation

4. Attic Ventilation Soffit Vent – Allows air into the attic so that the warmer air can be pushed out through the vents placed higher on the roof

5. Attic Ventilation Ridge Vent – Allows hot attic air to escape through a gap in the ridge decking

6. Attic Ventilation Gable Vent – Allows hotter attic air to escape and prevents buildup of heat conducted through the roof of the structure

7. Attic Ventilation Roof Turbine – allows the air to escape by drawing it out through the roof like a fan

8. Backhoe – Heavy machinery used for excavation in smaller site clearing projects like tree removal and used to dig footings and some basement excavation. Bucket width: 2 ft. Backhoe

9. Batter Boards – A temporary frame built just outside the corners of a foundation excavation. They are used to make sure the structure is square and to also carry the lines of a footing from corner to corner. Batter Boards

10. Brick Arches Radius Arch

11. Brick Arches Segmented Arch

12. Brick Arches Arch with a Keystone

13. Brick Arches Centering- formwork used to support masonry units of an arch while under the construction process until all units are in place.

14. Brick Bonds Stretcher Bond- is the most simple bond consisting of interlocking stretcher courses.

15. Brick Bonds Stack Bond- consists of stacked stretchers; weakest of all bonds.

16. Brick Bonds Rowlocks

17. Brick Bonds Header

18. Brick Bonds Soldier

19. Brick Bonds Sailor Bond

21. Brick Sizes Utility Brick – 3 5/8” w x 3 5/8” h x 11 5/8” L

22. Brick Sizes Queen Size 3” w x 2 ¾” h x 7 5/8” L

23. Bulldozer Bulldozer – heavy machinery used during site prep. It is used to level the dirt off by grading with the front blade and pushing dirt around small areas of the construction site.

24. Cladding Brick Clad

25. Cladding EIFS

27. Cladding Wood Board Clad ”Board and Batten”

28. Cladding Wood Shake – small shingle split from a block of wood, which gives a rough texture and uneven depths Wood Shingle – sawn shingle, typically more smooth and uniform; also larger in size

29. Code Requirements Windows : minimum opening of 5.7 square feet (5.0 if sill is less than 44” AFF) Opening width 20” minimum & opening height 24” minimum. Actual Measurements – 26” h x 32” w x 36” AFF. Total Area : 5.78 sq. ft. The window meets the code requirements

30. Code Requirements Code requirements – Riser Height 7 ¾” maximum, Tread Depth 10” nosing to nosing Actual measurements – Riser Height of 6 1/2 tread depth 11 5/8” (less 1 ½ “ riser slant) gives 10 1/8”. Therefore, the stair is in compliance with the code.

31. Concrete Joints Control Joint – a designed cut in concrete to weaken the slab at that point in an attempt to prevent cracking elsewhere in the concrete

32. Concrete Joints Isolation joints - separate concrete from objects or structures, and allow independent movement without any connection that could cause damage to either object.

33. Concrete Masonry Unit CMU – a block of hardened concrete designed to be laid up like regular masonry brick. The hollow cores allow for the block walls to be filled with concrete for additional strength. CMU is more economical for foundation walls than cast concrete, and when laid by a proper mason, one course of block is equal to 3 courses of standard brick w/ a 3/8” mortar joint. A typical block is 8” x 8” x 16” with a 3/8” mortar joint.

34. Decorative CMU Split Block

35. Decorative CMU Ribbed Block

36. Doors Flush Door

37. Doors Top Rail Style Panel Lock Rail Transom Bottom Rail Sidelight Transom – A small window directly over a door Sidelight – A tall, narrow widow running alongside a door

38. Electrical Components Underground Transformer Box – Steps down the electricity from a few thousand volts to the 110v / 220v service needed for the home

39. Electrical Components Service Head – Brings the electricity into the meter and isolates that particular residence through an in-line fuse which prevents the house wiring from interfering with other structures on the grid Meter – Measures how much electricity is being used

40. Electrical Components Service Panel – the point where the electricity enters the home. The panel distributes the electricity throughout the home through individual circuits or to other panels.

41. Electrical Components Duplex Receptacle – where the power is accessed in the home

42. Framing Elements Anchor Bolt Sill Plate

43. Framing Elements Floor Joist Subflooring

45. Farming Elements Unfinished Stringer

46. Framing Elements Rafter Roof decking Sheathing

47. Front End Loader Front End Loader – used for transporting piles of dirt or other material across a jobsite. The hydraulic arms on the bucket allows the ability to place material at a raised elevation – useful for loading dump trucks and backfilling retaining walls. Unlike a bulldozer, a loader has the ability to scoop dirt out of the ground and move it to another location rather than spreading it around an area

48. Gypsum Board Gypsum Board – An interior finish board made from a gypsum core sandwiched between two paper faces.

51. Insulation Batt Insulation is a quick and easy way to insulate walls and ceilings between studs and ceiling joists using strips or rolls of fiberglass insulation.

52. Insulation Loose Fill insulation is fiberglass or paper insulation blown into place; used in attics to fill all voids between ceiling joists.

53. Insulation Foamed Insulation is a mixture of different chemicals that react with each other; it is spray applied and is the best form of insulation to seal off penetrations completely.

54. Insulation Rigid Board Insulation is insulation that is extruded into 4x8 sheets used as exterior sheathing and basement wall insulation.

55. Lintel Steel Lintel – A beam that carries the load of the brick wall across a door or window

56. Mortar Concave joint – This brick is tooled with 3/8” joints and has type ‘N’ mortar. “Oil Change”

57. Mortar Extruded joint – this house has a 3/8” neither tooled or troweled mortar joints, mortar is just applied to brick and squished into place, with type N mortar.

58. Oriented Strand Board OSB – a nonveneered panel made up of strands of wood particles which are compressed and glued together in several layers, with each layer oriented opposite the direction of the previous layer for strength

59. Plumbing Lavatory – uses 1 ½” drain pipe for sink

60. Plumbing Water Closet – uses 3” pipe to drain

62. Plumbing Vent Through Roof – allows air to enter the plumbing system eliminating a vacuum which lets the water drain from the pipes.

63. Plumbing Drop in kitchen sink

64. Plywood Plywood – manufactured by gluing thin veneers of wood together, rotating each layer 90 degrees so that the grain in the wood does not run the same in each layer. This provides greater strength and equalizes moisture movement Veneer – a thin layer or facing

66. Rebar #4 rebar (1/2” thickness) is going to be used here probably to join a block or brick fireplace shaft to the foundation of the house. The deformations or ribs in the rebar are there so the rebar will not slide back and forth inside the concrete.

67. Steep Roof Drainage Gutter Downspout Gutter – a channel which collects rainwater at the eave of a roof Downspout – A vertical pipe for conducting the rainwater from the gutter to a lower level discharge point

68. Steep Roof Drainage Splashblock – a precast concrete or plastic block used to dissipate the water at the downspout’s discharge point so not to erode the ground.

69. Steep Roof Materials Underlayment – A thin layer of waterproof material laid between the roof deck and roofing. It allows to get the house in the dry so progress will not be held up due to inclement weather and protects the building before the roofing is applied

70. Steep Roof Materials Clay Tile Roof

71. Steep Roof Material Shingle – A water resistant material nailed in an overlapping pattern with other like materials to make the roof watertight. Wood Shingle Roof

72. Steep Roof Materials Metal Panel Roof Galvanized Steel was used on this roof.

73. Steep Roof Shapes Gable Roof

74. Steep Roof Shapes Gambrel Roof

75. Steep Roof Shapes Hip Roof

76. Steep Roof Shapes Mansard Roof

77. Steep Roof Terms Ridge – the level intersection of roof planes “top of Roof” Valley – the sloping intersection of roof planes which water drains down Eave – the level, lowest edge of the roof

78. Steep Roof Terms Rake – The Sloping edge of a steep roof

79. Steep Roof Terms Fascia – the exposed vertical face of the eave Soffit – the undersurface of a roof overhang, installed to enclose the rafter tails

80. Steep Roof Terms No Fascia – house with exposed rafter tails

81. Stone Random Rubble Pattern

82. Stone Coursed Rubble Pattern

83. Stone Random Ashlar Pattern

85. Vapor Retarder Vapor Retarder – put in place to reduce the passage of air and water vapor through the building assembly to prevent condensation. It is usually placed to the inside of the building.

86. Waterproofing Waterproofing – installed to prevent the passage of water through the concrete or CMU into a basement or crawlspace. This is an example of liquid applied

87. Weep Hole Weep hole – a small opening in the brick veneer to allow accumulated water from the building to escape

88. Welded Wire Fabric WWF – 6” x 6” grid

89. Windows Double Hung Window Wooden Window Both the top & bottom sash open

90. Windows Casement Window Solid Vinyl window The window cranks out from a side hinge

91. Windows Single Hung Wooden Window Only the bottom sash is operable