Virtual instrumentation uses computer software to control external hardware devices and display measurement data on a computer screen. It offers lower costs than traditional instrumentation, portability between computer platforms, and an easy-to-use graphical user interface. Common interconnect buses used in virtual instrumentation include serial ports, GPIB, PC-Bus, and VXI bus. LabVIEW is a graphical programming language and development environment central to virtual instrumentation. It represents programs as a graphical block diagram rather than text-based code.