Can Ridge Industries is excited to announce its partnership with Verti Crete LLC in the distribution of the Verti-Block retaining wall system in the Lower Mainland! The Verti-Block is ideal for a variety of landscaping and earth retaining projects.
1) The student visited a construction site to gain hands-on experience in measuring and understanding construction processes.
2) At the site, the contractor briefed the students and guided them around to explain the construction work, including the process of constructing pad footings using formwork, reinforcement bars, and concrete.
3) The student observed and documented various building materials used - including the concrete mix, reinforcement bars, and timber formwork system. Photos were also included in the report.
This document provides an overview of pile foundations and advanced construction technologies. It defines pile foundations and lists their common uses. Piles are classified as load bearing or non-load bearing, with load bearing piles further divided into bearing and friction piles. Factors for selecting the appropriate pile type include load requirements, soil conditions, and cost. The document describes pile components like caps and shoes. It also covers pile installation methods, common pile materials, and potential causes of pile failure.
The document summarizes a project to construct an anchored secant pile wall alongside a highway and neighboring properties to stabilize an area affected by a mine subsidence. Key details include that 109 overlapping concrete caissons ranging from 4-20m deep were drilled and reinforced with steel beams to form the wall. Challenges arose from inaccurate bedrock information that required caissons to be drilled deeper than anticipated, increasing steel needs. Through tracking systems and stockpiled inventory, solutions were found to acquire necessary materials and limit downtime to complete the project on schedule. The document emphasizes that contingency planning is crucial given uncertainties and that organization is key to managing challenges that arise and keeping projects on track.
Precast concrete piles were used as the building component for the Petronas Twin Towers project in Malaysia. Precast concrete piles have advantages such as quality control during manufacturing, strength to resist forces, and ease of installation. However, they also have disadvantages like heavy weight requiring special equipment for handling and transportation, and noise pollution during pile driving. The construction process involves precasting the piles, transporting them to the site, and driving them into the ground using a pile driver until reaching the desired depth and load capacity. Quality control checks are done during manufacturing and installation to ensure specification compliance.
The document discusses different components of building construction including plain cement concrete (PCC), footings, columns, stone masonry (SSM), and plinth beams. PCC is used as a protective layer under RCC and provides a base for construction. Footings support columns and spread their load to the soil. SSM distributes loads to the subsoil and provides a stable base. Plinth beams act as ties at the ground level and improve earthquake resistance.
The document provides information on different types of pile foundations. It discusses various classifications of piles including based on function (end bearing, friction, etc.), material (timber, steel, concrete), and installation method (pre-cast, cast-in-place, driven). It also outlines factors that affect pile type selection such as ground conditions, structure type, cost, and durability. Specific pile foundation types are described like Raymond piles, MacArthur piles, BSP base driven piles, and swage piles.
The document discusses precast concrete piles used in foundations. Precast concrete piles are square in cross-section, range from 25 to 41 cm in size, and can support loads from 45 to 500 tons. A pile driver is used to install precast concrete piles by hammering them into the ground. Precast concrete piles provide cost savings over other piling types and have high load capacity and corrosion resistance, but also have high breakage rates and are vulnerable to damage during handling. The process of installing precast concrete piles involves excavation, lifting the pile into place, hammering it into the ground, constructing a pile cap, and cutting off excess pile material.
1) The student visited a construction site to gain hands-on experience in measuring and understanding construction processes.
2) At the site, the contractor briefed the students and guided them around to explain the construction work, including the process of constructing pad footings using formwork, reinforcement bars, and concrete.
3) The student observed and documented various building materials used - including the concrete mix, reinforcement bars, and timber formwork system. Photos were also included in the report.
This document provides an overview of pile foundations and advanced construction technologies. It defines pile foundations and lists their common uses. Piles are classified as load bearing or non-load bearing, with load bearing piles further divided into bearing and friction piles. Factors for selecting the appropriate pile type include load requirements, soil conditions, and cost. The document describes pile components like caps and shoes. It also covers pile installation methods, common pile materials, and potential causes of pile failure.
The document summarizes a project to construct an anchored secant pile wall alongside a highway and neighboring properties to stabilize an area affected by a mine subsidence. Key details include that 109 overlapping concrete caissons ranging from 4-20m deep were drilled and reinforced with steel beams to form the wall. Challenges arose from inaccurate bedrock information that required caissons to be drilled deeper than anticipated, increasing steel needs. Through tracking systems and stockpiled inventory, solutions were found to acquire necessary materials and limit downtime to complete the project on schedule. The document emphasizes that contingency planning is crucial given uncertainties and that organization is key to managing challenges that arise and keeping projects on track.
Precast concrete piles were used as the building component for the Petronas Twin Towers project in Malaysia. Precast concrete piles have advantages such as quality control during manufacturing, strength to resist forces, and ease of installation. However, they also have disadvantages like heavy weight requiring special equipment for handling and transportation, and noise pollution during pile driving. The construction process involves precasting the piles, transporting them to the site, and driving them into the ground using a pile driver until reaching the desired depth and load capacity. Quality control checks are done during manufacturing and installation to ensure specification compliance.
The document discusses different components of building construction including plain cement concrete (PCC), footings, columns, stone masonry (SSM), and plinth beams. PCC is used as a protective layer under RCC and provides a base for construction. Footings support columns and spread their load to the soil. SSM distributes loads to the subsoil and provides a stable base. Plinth beams act as ties at the ground level and improve earthquake resistance.
The document provides information on different types of pile foundations. It discusses various classifications of piles including based on function (end bearing, friction, etc.), material (timber, steel, concrete), and installation method (pre-cast, cast-in-place, driven). It also outlines factors that affect pile type selection such as ground conditions, structure type, cost, and durability. Specific pile foundation types are described like Raymond piles, MacArthur piles, BSP base driven piles, and swage piles.
The document discusses precast concrete piles used in foundations. Precast concrete piles are square in cross-section, range from 25 to 41 cm in size, and can support loads from 45 to 500 tons. A pile driver is used to install precast concrete piles by hammering them into the ground. Precast concrete piles provide cost savings over other piling types and have high load capacity and corrosion resistance, but also have high breakage rates and are vulnerable to damage during handling. The process of installing precast concrete piles involves excavation, lifting the pile into place, hammering it into the ground, constructing a pile cap, and cutting off excess pile material.
The document discusses micropile foundations, which are piles less than 300mm in diameter that are installed using specialized drilling equipment. Micropiles derive their capacity through friction along their surface as they are designed and function as friction piles. Their capacity ranges from 50kN to 5000kN depending on the size of the hollow or solid steel bar used, competency of the surrounding soil or rock, and depth of embedment. Micropiles are suitable for new construction projects, reinforcing existing footings, supporting high tensile or compressive loads in bedrock, and providing foundation support in locations with subsurface obstructions.
The document discusses the purpose and design of building foundations. Flexible spread footings are commonly used as they are inexpensive and easy to construct. Footing dimensions depend on soil quality and load from columns. The site used isolated footings to support individual columns, which transfer loads over a wide area of soil in an economical way when columns are spaced far apart. Footing depths in this site ranged from 450mm to 750mm and sizes from 1.6m to 3m, with reinforcement of Ast 12mm dia bars spaced 100mm center to center in both directions and 90 degree bar bends developed over 8 times the bar diameter.
Classification of Pile Foundation based on the type of material.
It provides the complete information about the classification of Pile based on type of material used.
The document discusses micropiles and provides information on their history, classifications, construction sequences, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and challenges. Micropiles were first introduced in the 1950s in Italy and have since been used widely in Europe and the US. They are small-diameter piles that are drilled and grouted, and can withstand axial and/or lateral loads. Key challenges with micropiles include their relatively high cost compared to other foundation techniques, the time-consuming nature of the construction process, and risks associated with the drilling and installation work.
PPT on industrial summer training in civil engineer ramit raj
Initial works in construction of residential building conducted by civil engineer like what is site plan ,site clearance , field test of material,layout, grid line etc.
Pile foundation ppt 2 (usefulsearch.org) (useful search)Make Mannan
Pile foundations are used when the bearing capacity of soil is low or uneven and the soil is located at a greater depth. Piles transfer structural loads directly to the soil layer below by end bearing or side friction. Common pile types include timber, concrete, steel, and composite piles which are classified based on function, material, and installation method. Pile foundations provide solutions for difficult soil conditions like compressible, waterlogged, or made ground and are widely used for bridges, buildings, and marine structures.
This document provides information on diaphragm walls, including:
- Diaphragm walls are reinforced concrete walls constructed using the slurry trench technique, reaching depths of up to 50m.
- They are commonly used as retaining walls, for supporting deep excavations, and as basement or underground structure walls.
- Construction involves excavating trenches using bentonite slurry, installing reinforcement cages, and pouring concrete to form wall panels either successively or alternately.
- Proper specifications are required for bentonite slurry, reinforcement, and construction methods to ensure continuity and water-tightness of the completed diaphragm wall structure.
This document discusses different types of pile and pier foundations. It describes the process of installing pre-cast pile foundations through dropping a heavy weight onto the pile from a calculated height. It also outlines the steps for constructing an in situ pile foundation, which includes excavating using reverse rotary or hydraulic auger drilling, placing steel reinforcement, lowering the steel cage, and concreting. Caisson foundations are also mentioned as a type of in situ deep foundation with a similar construction process to pile foundations. Safety precautions are noted for both pre-cast pile installation and in situ pile construction.
This document summarizes the process for constructing secant piles for a microtunnel shaft. It involves first constructing guide walls as reference points. Then female piles are drilled and concreted without reinforcement cages using lower grade concrete. Male piles are drilled between female piles, cutting through them. Reinforcement cages are installed in male piles before higher grade concrete is placed continuously from the bottom up via a tremie. The casing is gradually extracted to allow the concrete to rise above the cutoff level.
Mat Foundation Presentation Abhijatrik-28C Team-AbacuS
This document summarizes a student presentation on mat foundations. It defines a mat foundation as a reinforced concrete slab that supports an entire building. It then lists the group members and outlines the presentation contents, which include the reasons for using mat foundations, different types, construction process, site visits, advantages and disadvantages. The presentation aims to provide a practical understanding of mat foundations and related construction aspects.
Post Tensioning System Utracon Structural system Pvt LtdSathish Kumar
This document discusses the advantages of post-tensioning slabs compared to reinforced concrete slabs. Post-tensioning slabs allows for larger column-free spans, faster floor-to-floor construction times of around 10 days per slab, and thinner slabs which reduce costs and increase seismic resistance. Additional advantages include earlier stripping of formwork below 10 days, reduced reinforcement and materials quantities, fewer workers required, potential for additional floors in height-restricted areas, reduced vertical structure costs, and greater flexibility for services, ceilings, and openings.
Micropiles have been used since the 1950s but faced challenges in adoption in Southeast Asia due to high costs, slow installation, and risks. However, they are well-suited for difficult construction sites with restricted access, deep socketing needs, and high loading requirements. Lessons from challenges include reducing labor costs through mechanization, managing risks through equipment monitoring and site preparation, and improving planning to reduce downtime. Modern micropile rigs and techniques have addressed past challenges and made micropiles a cost-effective solution for difficult ground conditions.
The document describes an innovative precast system for bridge substructures for short spans and low volume bridges. The system uses precast concrete components including a cap, lagging, and footings connected by mechanical couplers and supported by H-piles embedded in the footings. It offers benefits over conventional cast-in-place systems like reduced construction time, less concrete and reinforcement needed, and easier installation with smaller equipment. The precast system was determined to be the preferred alternative described for replacing an existing timber bridge.
1) The document discusses conventional support systems used in underground mining including timber and cog supports.
2) Timber props are commonly used but have disadvantages like decay over time and lower load bearing capacity compared to steel. Their load capacity can be calculated based on height and diameter.
3) Cog supports have a square structure with legs spaced 1.2m apart and can bear loads up to 30 tons, acting as a stronger alternative to timber supports.
Having been established in 1998 to serve in Ground and Foundation Engineering, Temeltaş has been performing qualified projects and moving the present, from its ground, to the future based on its 15 years of experience, its team consisting of professionals and its service understanding featuring high standards.
In accordance with financial and technological conditions, Temeltaş increases its mobility in changing environments and it produces right and economical solutions by its high-tech modern machinery and equipment from design to completion of projects.
Having achieved, since its establishment, the appreciation and satisfaction of domestic and foreign auditing companies in the works it carried out in Turkey and abroad, Temeltaş has adopted it as its principle to maintain its reliable, quality and economical applications with an increasing performance.
Diaphragm walls are reinforced concrete walls constructed underground using a slurry technique. The slurry balances inward hydraulic forces and prevents water from entering the trench during construction. Diaphragm walls can be between 300mm to 1500mm thick and up to 50m deep. They are commonly used in congested areas and for constructing deep basements due to their ability to be installed close to existing structures. The construction process involves excavating the trench, adding slurry to maintain stability, and lowering the reinforcement cage before pouring concrete.
This document provides information about a pile foundation project. It discusses what foundations are, types of foundations including shallow and deep foundations, and focuses on pile foundations. It describes where pile foundations are used and how they are classified based on material, load transfer method, and installation type. Specific pile foundation types like timber piles, steel piles, concrete piles, end bearing piles, and friction piles are explained. Pile driving and installation methods like impact hammer, vibration, jetting, precast piles, and continuous flight auger are also summarized. The document concludes with a discussion of pile load tests and their objectives and types.
Hi-Tech Scaffolding Pvt. Ltd. specializes in renting out a wide range of scaffolding materials and equipment. They have a team focused on efficient service and high professional standards. The company provides scaffolding props, spans, pipes, platforms, and other equipment to customers in India for construction, maintenance, and demolition projects.
Hi-Tech Scaffolding Pvt. Ltd. specializes in renting out a wide range of scaffolding materials and equipment. They have a team focused on efficient service and high professional standards. The company provides scaffolding props, spans, pipes, platforms, and other equipment to customers in India for construction, maintenance, and demolition projects.
The document discusses micropile foundations, which are piles less than 300mm in diameter that are installed using specialized drilling equipment. Micropiles derive their capacity through friction along their surface as they are designed and function as friction piles. Their capacity ranges from 50kN to 5000kN depending on the size of the hollow or solid steel bar used, competency of the surrounding soil or rock, and depth of embedment. Micropiles are suitable for new construction projects, reinforcing existing footings, supporting high tensile or compressive loads in bedrock, and providing foundation support in locations with subsurface obstructions.
The document discusses the purpose and design of building foundations. Flexible spread footings are commonly used as they are inexpensive and easy to construct. Footing dimensions depend on soil quality and load from columns. The site used isolated footings to support individual columns, which transfer loads over a wide area of soil in an economical way when columns are spaced far apart. Footing depths in this site ranged from 450mm to 750mm and sizes from 1.6m to 3m, with reinforcement of Ast 12mm dia bars spaced 100mm center to center in both directions and 90 degree bar bends developed over 8 times the bar diameter.
Classification of Pile Foundation based on the type of material.
It provides the complete information about the classification of Pile based on type of material used.
The document discusses micropiles and provides information on their history, classifications, construction sequences, advantages, disadvantages, applications, and challenges. Micropiles were first introduced in the 1950s in Italy and have since been used widely in Europe and the US. They are small-diameter piles that are drilled and grouted, and can withstand axial and/or lateral loads. Key challenges with micropiles include their relatively high cost compared to other foundation techniques, the time-consuming nature of the construction process, and risks associated with the drilling and installation work.
PPT on industrial summer training in civil engineer ramit raj
Initial works in construction of residential building conducted by civil engineer like what is site plan ,site clearance , field test of material,layout, grid line etc.
Pile foundation ppt 2 (usefulsearch.org) (useful search)Make Mannan
Pile foundations are used when the bearing capacity of soil is low or uneven and the soil is located at a greater depth. Piles transfer structural loads directly to the soil layer below by end bearing or side friction. Common pile types include timber, concrete, steel, and composite piles which are classified based on function, material, and installation method. Pile foundations provide solutions for difficult soil conditions like compressible, waterlogged, or made ground and are widely used for bridges, buildings, and marine structures.
This document provides information on diaphragm walls, including:
- Diaphragm walls are reinforced concrete walls constructed using the slurry trench technique, reaching depths of up to 50m.
- They are commonly used as retaining walls, for supporting deep excavations, and as basement or underground structure walls.
- Construction involves excavating trenches using bentonite slurry, installing reinforcement cages, and pouring concrete to form wall panels either successively or alternately.
- Proper specifications are required for bentonite slurry, reinforcement, and construction methods to ensure continuity and water-tightness of the completed diaphragm wall structure.
This document discusses different types of pile and pier foundations. It describes the process of installing pre-cast pile foundations through dropping a heavy weight onto the pile from a calculated height. It also outlines the steps for constructing an in situ pile foundation, which includes excavating using reverse rotary or hydraulic auger drilling, placing steel reinforcement, lowering the steel cage, and concreting. Caisson foundations are also mentioned as a type of in situ deep foundation with a similar construction process to pile foundations. Safety precautions are noted for both pre-cast pile installation and in situ pile construction.
This document summarizes the process for constructing secant piles for a microtunnel shaft. It involves first constructing guide walls as reference points. Then female piles are drilled and concreted without reinforcement cages using lower grade concrete. Male piles are drilled between female piles, cutting through them. Reinforcement cages are installed in male piles before higher grade concrete is placed continuously from the bottom up via a tremie. The casing is gradually extracted to allow the concrete to rise above the cutoff level.
Mat Foundation Presentation Abhijatrik-28C Team-AbacuS
This document summarizes a student presentation on mat foundations. It defines a mat foundation as a reinforced concrete slab that supports an entire building. It then lists the group members and outlines the presentation contents, which include the reasons for using mat foundations, different types, construction process, site visits, advantages and disadvantages. The presentation aims to provide a practical understanding of mat foundations and related construction aspects.
Post Tensioning System Utracon Structural system Pvt LtdSathish Kumar
This document discusses the advantages of post-tensioning slabs compared to reinforced concrete slabs. Post-tensioning slabs allows for larger column-free spans, faster floor-to-floor construction times of around 10 days per slab, and thinner slabs which reduce costs and increase seismic resistance. Additional advantages include earlier stripping of formwork below 10 days, reduced reinforcement and materials quantities, fewer workers required, potential for additional floors in height-restricted areas, reduced vertical structure costs, and greater flexibility for services, ceilings, and openings.
Micropiles have been used since the 1950s but faced challenges in adoption in Southeast Asia due to high costs, slow installation, and risks. However, they are well-suited for difficult construction sites with restricted access, deep socketing needs, and high loading requirements. Lessons from challenges include reducing labor costs through mechanization, managing risks through equipment monitoring and site preparation, and improving planning to reduce downtime. Modern micropile rigs and techniques have addressed past challenges and made micropiles a cost-effective solution for difficult ground conditions.
The document describes an innovative precast system for bridge substructures for short spans and low volume bridges. The system uses precast concrete components including a cap, lagging, and footings connected by mechanical couplers and supported by H-piles embedded in the footings. It offers benefits over conventional cast-in-place systems like reduced construction time, less concrete and reinforcement needed, and easier installation with smaller equipment. The precast system was determined to be the preferred alternative described for replacing an existing timber bridge.
1) The document discusses conventional support systems used in underground mining including timber and cog supports.
2) Timber props are commonly used but have disadvantages like decay over time and lower load bearing capacity compared to steel. Their load capacity can be calculated based on height and diameter.
3) Cog supports have a square structure with legs spaced 1.2m apart and can bear loads up to 30 tons, acting as a stronger alternative to timber supports.
Having been established in 1998 to serve in Ground and Foundation Engineering, Temeltaş has been performing qualified projects and moving the present, from its ground, to the future based on its 15 years of experience, its team consisting of professionals and its service understanding featuring high standards.
In accordance with financial and technological conditions, Temeltaş increases its mobility in changing environments and it produces right and economical solutions by its high-tech modern machinery and equipment from design to completion of projects.
Having achieved, since its establishment, the appreciation and satisfaction of domestic and foreign auditing companies in the works it carried out in Turkey and abroad, Temeltaş has adopted it as its principle to maintain its reliable, quality and economical applications with an increasing performance.
Diaphragm walls are reinforced concrete walls constructed underground using a slurry technique. The slurry balances inward hydraulic forces and prevents water from entering the trench during construction. Diaphragm walls can be between 300mm to 1500mm thick and up to 50m deep. They are commonly used in congested areas and for constructing deep basements due to their ability to be installed close to existing structures. The construction process involves excavating the trench, adding slurry to maintain stability, and lowering the reinforcement cage before pouring concrete.
This document provides information about a pile foundation project. It discusses what foundations are, types of foundations including shallow and deep foundations, and focuses on pile foundations. It describes where pile foundations are used and how they are classified based on material, load transfer method, and installation type. Specific pile foundation types like timber piles, steel piles, concrete piles, end bearing piles, and friction piles are explained. Pile driving and installation methods like impact hammer, vibration, jetting, precast piles, and continuous flight auger are also summarized. The document concludes with a discussion of pile load tests and their objectives and types.
Hi-Tech Scaffolding Pvt. Ltd. specializes in renting out a wide range of scaffolding materials and equipment. They have a team focused on efficient service and high professional standards. The company provides scaffolding props, spans, pipes, platforms, and other equipment to customers in India for construction, maintenance, and demolition projects.
Hi-Tech Scaffolding Pvt. Ltd. specializes in renting out a wide range of scaffolding materials and equipment. They have a team focused on efficient service and high professional standards. The company provides scaffolding props, spans, pipes, platforms, and other equipment to customers in India for construction, maintenance, and demolition projects.
Hi-Tech Scaffolding Pvt. Ltd. specializes in renting out a wide range of scaffolding materials and equipment. They have a team focused on efficient service and high professional standards. The company provides scaffolding props, spans, pipes, platforms, and other equipment to customers in India for construction, maintenance, and demolition projects.
This document provides an overview of concrete and masonry construction for architecture students. It discusses the basic components and properties of concrete, including aggregates, paste, and the hydration process. It also examines the advantages and disadvantages of concrete. Additionally, it outlines different types of building foundations including shallow foundations like spread footings, strip footings, mat foundations, and grillage foundations. It also discusses deep foundations such as pile foundations and pier foundations. The document concludes by examining different types of concrete floor and roof structures as well as masonry walls, bonds, and lintels.
The document discusses flat grid or waffle slab systems. It defines waffle slabs as having two-directional reinforcement on the outside, giving it a waffle-like shape. This provides stability without using much material, making it suitable for large flat areas like foundations and floors. Waffle slabs are used in industrial and commercial buildings where large spans are needed with few columns. They provide features like using less concrete and steel than traditional slabs while providing strength and resistance to cracking and sagging. The document outlines the production, design, and construction process for waffle slabs and notes some iconic landmarks that have utilized this system.
This document provides information about space frames, cable structures, and folded plate structures. It defines a space frame as a truss-like, lightweight rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern. Space frames can span large areas with few interior supports. Folded plates are assemblies of flat plates rigidly connected along their edges to form a structural system without additional beams. Cable structures derive their strength from tension forces in the cables rather than from bending or compression. Common cable structures include suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges, and cable-supported roofs.
A study on the construction process (Precast concrete, In-situ cast concrete,...Bhaddin Al-Naqshabandi
This document provides an overview of precast concrete construction, in-situ cast concrete construction, shoring, and underpinning. It describes that precast concrete elements are cast off-site and include items like slabs, beams, and wall panels. In-situ concrete is poured on-site and can form any shape but requires more time and resources. Shoring uses temporary structures like rakers to support unstable structures during construction. Underpinning strengthens existing foundations, for example by adding new piles or walls underneath for additional support.
This document discusses advance construction technologies related to pile foundations. It defines deep foundations as those where depth is much larger than width, and describes the main types as pile foundations and pier foundations. Pile foundations are preferred when loads are heavy/uneven, soil bearing capacity is poor, subsurface water levels are high, or soil is expansive. Factors selecting pile type include location, ground conditions, durability, and cost. Common pile types are end bearing, friction, compaction, and under-reamed piles. Pile materials include pre-cast concrete, cast-in-place concrete, timber, steel, and sheet piles. Group pile behavior and pile caps are also summarized.
This document discusses column jacketing, which is a method of retrofitting and strengthening existing columns. It involves adding reinforced concrete, steel, or fiber-reinforced polymer around the column. The key steps are preparing the column surface, adding shear keys and reinforcement, applying a bonding agent, and casting the new concrete or installing the jacket. Column jacketing increases the strength and seismic capacity of the column. It improves confinement and increases axial, shear, and foundation load capacity without significant weight addition.
1st presentation of my life . It was a group presentation . Thanks to all of our group members for there contribution.
This presentation is all about Deep Foundation. Hope you will find it important.
This document discusses various methods for stabilizing soils and improving ground conditions for public works projects. It describes causes of unconsolidated soils like water, clays, and organics. Key methods covered include soil cement, lime admixtures, flyash, dewatering, heating/freezing, vitrification, stone columns, deep dynamic compaction, drainage/surcharge, electro-osmosis, compaction grouting, blasting, surface compaction, vertical drains, jet grouting, soil nailing, tiebacks, shotcrete walls, underpinning, and dynamic compaction. The objectives, equipment used, and factors affecting different compaction and ground improvement techniques are also summarized.
Pile foundations Case Study Delhi Metro Site VisitMohd Kashif
This document provides information about deep foundations, including what they are, where they are used, how they are classified, and examples of different pile types. It defines deep foundations as transferring loads to deeper layers of soil or rock compared to shallow foundations. It classifies piles based on function and material and provides details on common types like timber, concrete, steel, and composite piles. The document also includes a case study describing the construction of drilled shaft pile foundations for a metro station in Delhi, with steps like drilling, stabilizing holes, and pouring concrete.
Pile foundation is important for construction of foundation where bearing capacity of soil is poor. Pile foundation is use for distribution of uneven load of superstructure.There are so many type of pile are use for construction. Here i present some of pile with suitable condition for construction and methods for construction.
Thank you.
1. There are three main types of seawalls: vertical, curved, and mound. Vertical seawalls are the easiest to design and construct but can become undermined. Curved seawalls reduce wave reflection and turbulence but are more complex to design. Mound seawalls provide maximum wave energy dissipation but are less durable and have a shorter lifespan.
2. Several seawall systems are described: gravity walls, L-shaped walls with buttresses, and systems that use piles or diaphragm walls to provide support independently of soil weight. Pile-supported systems are less vulnerable to scour but more expensive. Diaphragm systems are flexible and independent of soil surcharge weight.
Demolition Equipment/Technique Available Girish Singh
The document discusses high reach demolition excavators as a method for building demolition. It provides details on the specifications and attachments of high reach excavators, which can reach heights up to 57 meters. The document outlines the methodology of side by side and top to bottom demolition techniques used with high reach excavators. It also presents case studies and advantages of high reach excavators over other demolition methods like explosives or wrecking balls, noting they allow for controlled, efficient demolition with less risk.
Retrofitting is the seismic strengthening of existing damaged or undamaged structures.
Retrofitting a building involves changing its systems or structure after its initial construction and occupation. This work can improve amenities for the building's occupants and improve the performance of the building
The document provides information on different types of foundations used in construction. It discusses shallow foundations such as spread footings, combined footings, strap or cantilever footings, mat or raft foundations, and grillage foundations. It also covers deep foundations including pile foundations, caisson foundations, and well foundations. Pile foundations are described in more detail, outlining different types of piles based on their function and how they are constructed and used with pile caps to distribute loads to the soil.
This document discusses recent developments in bored pile and diaphragm wall design and construction for marine structures. It covers topics such as diaphragm wall finish, cage detailing practice, tremie concreting practice, panel stability, and improvements in safety. The key points are that diaphragm walls are well-suited for marine works; plant and material advances present opportunities and risks; and newly published industry guidance aims to achieve better quality and safety outcomes.
Exploring the Benefits of Deep FoundationsPilingExperts1
Discover the countless advantages of deep foundations with our comprehensive and informative webpage. Gain valuable insights and make informed decisions for your next construction project.
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imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
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Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
3. Verti-Block Philosophy
• Wet Cast for
durability and
texture
• Big Block for strength
and convenience
• Open Core for
drainage and lower
material and
transportation costs
• Interlocking plus
gravel infill for shear
strength
• Segmental Design for
differential
settlement
RIGHT Look
RIGHT Strength
RIGHT Size
4. RIGHT Look: Texture
• 5” Depth of Relief
• Real Stone Textures
• Multiple Faces in Each
Texture
5. • Poured Face Down
• Retractable Tapered Core
• Externally Vibrated
The Verti-Block Mold
12. Reinforced Verti-Block Wall
Verti-Block with Tie-Backs
• Mechanically Stabilize the
Earth with geo-grid tie-backs for
higher retaining projects
• Tie-backs start on the bottom
row and generally run 60% of the
wall height
• Gravel fill inside blocks only
14. GEOGRID: Positive Connection
• Removes reliance on
friction
• No contact with concrete
• Able to use in combination
with friction connection
15. Verti-Block’s lightweight blocks interlock and fill with gravel
to ensure the right amount of setback with no over or
under excavation
RIGHT Size: Handling
16. The Verti-Block: Standard Block Sizes
• 1,755 lbs.
• 2’ tall x 4’ wide x
3’ deep
STANDARD BLOCK
HALF BLOCK
CORNER BLOCK
• 1,068 lbs.
• 2’ tall x 2’ wide x 3’ deep
• 1,595 lbs
• 2’ tall x 4’ wide x
2’ deep
17. The Verti-Block: Top Block Sizes
STANDARD TOP
BLOCK
HALF TOP BLOCK
CORNER TOP
BLOCK
• 1,313 lbs.
• 2’ tall x 2’ wide x 3’
deep
• 746 lbs.
• 2’ tall x 2’ wide x 3’
deep
• 1,360 lbs.
• 2’ tall x 4’ wide x
2’ deep
30. Flexibility: Convex & Concave Curves
Verti-Block units have
a built-in taper to
facilitate radial turns
31. Flexibility: Convex & Concave Curves
Verti-Block’s unique design enables radial turns with an 16’
minimum radius
32. Verti-Block With Fence or Railing
VERTI-BLOCK APPLICATIONS
• With Verti-Crete Fencing
• Guard Rails
• Less Setback
• Fill open core with concrete as
footing
33. Adrian, Michigan
• Comstock Park River Project
• Feasibility Study
• Verti-Block Selected for
strength and cost
• Base was a key factor
River Bank Wall Replacement