The document provides a detailed overview of shoring, which is the temporary support used for damaged or unstable structures during rescue operations. It outlines the components, types, and procedures involved in shoring, as well as the factors influencing its design and methods. Additionally, the document describes the roles and responsibilities of a shoring team in an emergency response context.

1. SHORING
PRESENTED BY-
INSP VIJAY KUMAR
NDRF ACADEMY

2. OOBBJEJECTCTIVIVEESS
Upon completion of this lesson you will be
able to know about.........
 Shoring and its components.
 Factors that determine the design and method of
shoring.
 Procedures for window/door shore and a vertical-
shore.
 Positions and functions of the members of a
shoring team.
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3. SHORING
The temporary support of
damaged, collapsed, or partially collapsed structure
that is unstable, required for conducting search and
rescue operations at reduced risk to the victims and
the rescue team.
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4. Shoring follows a “Double-Funnel
Principle”, means that a shore collects a
load, channels it and redistributes it
safely to another surface or structure that
can support it.
L o a d
C o l l e c t o r
L o a d
D i s t r i b u t o r
L o a d
S u p p o r t
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5. SHORE COMPONENTS
D a m a g e d f l o o r
P o s t
W e d g e s
G u s s e t p l a t e
C l e a t
S o l e P l a t e
H e a d e r
G u s s e t
S h i m s
D i a g o n a l
b r a c e s
M i d - p o i n t
b r a c e
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6. COMPONENTS OF SHORE
• Sole plate: provides a foundation for the shoring system
by supporting the weight being transferred from above
and distributes it over a wider area.
• Header beam: collects the weight from above and
spreads it throughout the shoring system.
HEADER BEAM
SOLE PLATE

7. • Post: Supports the weight collected by the header and
transfers it to the sole plate where it is distributed.
• Diagonal bracing: Locks the entire shoring system
together as one unit, supporting against possible eccentric
loads. It is the last component to be installed.
P
O
S
T
P
O
S
T
P
O
S
T
P
O
S
T

8. • Gusset plate: A small piece of 13 mm or 18 mm plywood
nailed to the top and bottom of posts to aid in placement
of the header and secure the posts to the header and sole
plate.
• Wedges/shims: Two wooden inclined planes married
together and placed under the bottom of the posts. These
provide compression for the shoring system. The shim is a
single wedge used to fill in gaps above the shoring system.

9. • Cleat: A 5cmx10cm wooden piece nailed to the post and
header or sole plate to secure the shoring.
or
A small pieces of wood used to secure other parts of a
shoring system.

10. Types of Shoring
• Vertical Shoring
• Window/Door Shoring
Other Types of Shoring
• T-Spot Shoring
• Raker Shoring
• Laced Post Shoring
• Horizontal Shoring
• Trench shores
• Pneumatic shores
• Improvised Bamboo shoring

11. A variety of factors will determine what method of shoring
is required in a particular situation.
 Weight of construction materials
 Weight of the structural elements to be supported
 The normal load capacity of the existing undamaged
structure
 Condition of the structure to be supported
DETERMINING
FACTOR

12.  Condition of the foundation and floor/surface
angle to determine stability of shoring
 Availability of shoring material
 Lateral and vertical instability
O v e r h a n g
D i s t a n c e
b e t w e e n
p o s t s
H e i g h t
L o a d
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13. Vertical Shore Specifications
with 10 x 10 cm POST, HEADER and SOLE PLATE
Maximum
Height
Maximum Distance
Between Posts
Maximum
Overhang
Load-bearing
Capacity per Post
2.5 m
(8’0”)
1.25
(4’0”)
60 cm
(2’0”)
3,600 kg
(8,000 lbs.)
3.0 m
(10’0”)
1.50
(5’0”)
80 cm
(2’6”)
2,270 kg
(5,000 lbs.)
3.7 m
(12’0”)
1.80
(6’0”)
90 cm
(3’0”)
1,600 kg
(3,500 lbs.)

14. Weights of common building
materials
• Concrete = 2403 kg/m3
• Masonry = 2002.5 kg/m3
• Wood = 560.7 kg/m3
• Steel = 7849.8 kg/m3
• Concrete / Masonry Rubble = 478.8 Pa
Pa = 10 PSF PER INCH of thickness
PSF = LBS PER SQUARE FT.
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15. Steps of vertical shore
1-Determine where to erect the vertical shore.
2-Measure and cut sole plate and header.
3-Measure and cut the posts to the proper height.
4-Attach cleats or gusset plates to the header and
posts, on opposite ends and opposing sides.

16. 5-Install the posts and the header on top of the sole
plate to support the damaged structural element
6-Install a set of wedges under the bottom of each
post
7-Attach cleats or gusset plates on opposite ends and
opposing sides of the sole plate and posts and nail
in place
8-Attach the diagonal braces to each side of the
vertical shore
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17. Steps for window and door Shore
1-Determine where to erect the window/Door shore.
2-Measure and cut the sole plate
3-Measure and cut the header
4-Measure and cut the posts to the proper height
5-Install the sole plate with a set of wedges
6-Install the header with a set of wedges
7-Install the posts and wedges

18. 8-Attach the cleats and/or gusset plate
9-Confine the wedges
10-Install diagonal braces(when applicable)
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19. Several additional types of shores can be used in
collapsed structures, though they will not be
taught in this course. Some examples include:
• T-Spot Shore: The main purpose of the T-shore is
to initially stabilise damaged floors, ceilings or
roofs, so that the more substantial shoring can be
constructed at less risk. This shore is quickly
placed and only temporary, also used during
quick extrication of a victim.
Other Types of Shoring
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20. “T”- spot shore

21. Raker ShoreRaker Shore
A triangular system of shoring used to support
leaning or unstable walls or columns. Rakers
must always be installed in series; at least two
must be erected in any given situation.
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22. V

23. Raker Shore
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24. Laced Post Shore
A high-capacity, four-post system that is used to
support sagging(Hanging down) floors and
ceilings, or other overhead hazards. It can be
used as a “SAFE HEAVEN”.
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25. Laced Post Shore

26. Horizontal Shore
Used to stabilise a damaged wall against another
undamaged wall in hallways, corridors or between
buildings. .

27. Horizontal Shore
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28. Bamboo Shore
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29. Air Shore
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30. Shoring Team Composition
Assembly GroupCutting Group
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31. Assembly Group
Shoring
Officer
Measurer
Safety Runner
Shorers
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32. Cutting Group
Cuttin
g
Office
r
Feeder Cutter Tools/Equipment
Runner
Layout
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33. Members and Functions of Shoring team
If sufficient manpower were available, a shoring
team could be organised using two separate
6 person squads, one squad as an‑ assembly team
and another as a cutting team.
However, a single squad may be required to
perform both sets of duties.

34. Assembly Group
• Shoring Officer (Rescue Squad Officer): is
incharge of the operation. Also works with
structural specialists (if available) to determine
where to place shores. If a Safety cannot be
designated, the Shoring Officer will also take on
this role.
• Measurer: measures all shoring components and
relays the information to the layout person of the
cutting team.

35. . Two Shorers: these work together assembling
and erecting shores in place.
. Safety: responsible for overall safety of the
assembly team.
. Runner: Ensures tools, equipment and shoring
materials are moved from the shoring operation
primary access point to the shoring site and
assists in the erection of shores as needed.
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36. Cutting Group
• Cutting Group Officer (Rescue Squad
Officer): In charge of selecting the cutting site.
The site should be close to the shoring operation.
The Cutting Team Officer doubles as the Safety.
• Layout: Sets up the cutting station and records
measurements. Performs all measuring and layout
of angles.

37. Feeder
Moves and feeds measured and marked shoring
material from the Layout to the Cutter and helps
secure it during cutting.
Runner
Fulfill the requirements related to shoring from
shoring station to shoring site.

38. Cutter: Cuts the measured materials.
Tools and equipment person: Directs where
materials and equipment are to be placed
and moved, and is responsible for keeping
track of all tools. This person is assigned to
both the Cutting Group and the Assembly
Group.

39. NAIL SPECIFICATIONS
• For CSSR, common nails of two sizes will be used.
• All plywood(gusset plates) must be nailed using 8d common
nails only.
• All dimensional wood(10cmx10cmx180cm) must be nailed by
using 16d
• Example: For 8d nail
• D= diameter of nail(?) , l= length(6.5cm) , x= size of nail(8)
• D = l/x
• D= 6.5cm/8 = 8.2mm
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40. V

42. Have we met our objectives?

43. Define Shoring

44. - Tell the Cutting group members?
- Tell the components of shoring?
- Tell the Assembly group members?
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45. Closing

47. Thank you