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How to Design and Test Business Models and
Value Propositions
Yves Pigneur
HEC Lausanne
Alex Osterwalder
?How to design innovative
business models?
? 2009
How to design innovative
business models?
1 million, 30 languages
The Business Model Canvas
?How to design attractive value
propositions that sell
in business models that work
?How to design attractive value
propositions that sell …
2014
Business Model Canvas
Cost Structure
Key Partnerships
Key Resources
Key Activities Value Propositions Customer
Relationships
Customer
Segments
Revenue Streams
Channels
15
The
Business Model Canvas
helps you
create value for your business
The
Value Proposition Canvas
helps you
create value for your customer
zoom out
zoom in
The
External Environment
describes the space
where you create
13
The
Business Model Canvas
helps you
create value for your business
The
Value Proposition Canvas
helps you
create value for your customer
zoom out
zoom in
The
External Environment
describes the space
where you create
13
The
Business Model Canvas
helps you
create value for your business
The
Value Proposition Canvas
helps you
create value for your customer
zoom out
zoom in
The
External Environment
describes the space
where you create
13
zoom out
zoom in
Canvas Design
Search Post-SearchTools
Test Evolve
The Tools and Process of
Value Proposition Design
The heart of Value Proposition Design is about appl
Tools to the messy Search for value propositions th
customers want and then keeping them aligned wit
customers want in Post-Search.
Value Proposition Design shows you how to use the
Proposition Canvas to Design and Test great value
sitions in an iterative search for what customers wa
proposition design is a never-ending process in whic
need to Evolve your value proposition(s) constantly
it relevant to customers.
Manage the messy and non-linear
process of value proposition design and
reduce risk by systematically applying
adequate tools and processes.
Progres
10
zoom out
zoom in
Canvas Design
Search Post-SearchTools
Test Evolve
The Tools and Process of
Value Proposition Design
The heart of Value Proposition Design is about appl
Tools to the messy Search for value propositions th
customers want and then keeping them aligned wit
customers want in Post-Search.
Value Proposition Design shows you how to use the
Proposition Canvas to Design and Test great value
sitions in an iterative search for what customers wa
proposition design is a never-ending process in whic
need to Evolve your value proposition(s) constantly
it relevant to customers.
Manage the messy and non-linear
process of value proposition design and
reduce risk by systematically applying
adequate tools and processes.
Progres
10
1
zoom out
zoom in
Canvas Design
Search Post-SearchTools
Test Evolve
The Tools and Process of
Value Proposition Design
The heart of Value Proposition Design is about appl
Tools to the messy Search for value propositions th
customers want and then keeping them aligned wit
customers want in Post-Search.
Value Proposition Design shows you how to use the
Proposition Canvas to Design and Test great value
sitions in an iterative search for what customers wa
proposition design is a never-ending process in whic
need to Evolve your value proposition(s) constantly
it relevant to customers.
Manage the messy and non-linear
process of value proposition design and
reduce risk by systematically applying
adequate tools and processes.
Progres
10
1 2
zoom out
zoom in
Canvas Design
Search Post-SearchTools
Test Evolve
The Tools and Process of
Value Proposition Design
The heart of Value Proposition Design is about appl
Tools to the messy Search for value propositions th
customers want and then keeping them aligned wit
customers want in Post-Search.
Value Proposition Design shows you how to use the
Proposition Canvas to Design and Test great value
sitions in an iterative search for what customers wa
proposition design is a never-ending process in whic
need to Evolve your value proposition(s) constantly
it relevant to customers.
Manage the messy and non-linear
process of value proposition design and
reduce risk by systematically applying
adequate tools and processes.
Progres
10
1 2 3
zoom out
zoom in
Canvas Design
Search Post-SearchTools
Test Evolve
The Tools and Process of
Value Proposition Design
The heart of Value Proposition Design is about appl
Tools to the messy Search for value propositions th
customers want and then keeping them aligned wit
customers want in Post-Search.
Value Proposition Design shows you how to use the
Proposition Canvas to Design and Test great value
sitions in an iterative search for what customers wa
proposition design is a never-ending process in whic
need to Evolve your value proposition(s) constantly
it relevant to customers.
Manage the messy and non-linear
process of value proposition design and
reduce risk by systematically applying
adequate tools and processes.
Progres
10
1 2 3
BM Canvas
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
revenue streams
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
key
resources
revenue streams
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
key
activities
key
resources
revenue streams
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
key
activities
key
resources
key
partners
revenue streams
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
customer
segments
value
proposition
distribution
channels
customer
relationship
key
activities
key
resources
key
partners
revenue streamscost structure
26
[sources: Mark W. Johnson, photo: Hilti.com]
illustration
27
[source photo: ceratizit.com]
HILTI manufactures and sells light machine tools for builders
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
TRANSACTIONAL
SALES
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
TRANSACTIONAL
SALES
MANUFACTURINGPARTNERS
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
TRANSACTIONAL
SALES
MANUFACTURINGPARTNERS
FACTORIES
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
TRANSACTIONAL
SALES
MANUFACTURINGPARTNERS
FACTORIES
BRAND NAME
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry AG
The makers of Business Model Generation and Strategyzer
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
BUILDERS
SALES FORCE
DIRECT 1-to-1
HIGH-END
MACHINE TOOLS
TRANSACTIONAL
SALES
MANUFACTURINGPARTNERS
FACTORIES
BRAND NAME
1.2
Business model
mechanics Not today
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
tells the story of how
you create, deliver,
and capture value (for
your organization)
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
zooming into the value proposition
Outcome
If a Pain reliever or Gain creator doesn't Fit
anything, it may not be creating customer
value. Don't worry if not all pains/gains are
checked – you can't satisfy them all. Ask
yourself, how well does your Value Proposi-
tion really fit your Customer?
71
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
zooming into the value proposition
Outcome
If a Pain reliever or Gain creator doesn't Fit
anything, it may not be creating customer
value. Don't worry if not all pains/gains are
checked – you can't satisfy them all. Ask
yourself, how well does your Value Proposi-
tion really fit your Customer?
71
The Business Model Canvas
Revenue Streams
Channels
Customer SegmentsValue PropositionsKey ActivitiesKey Partners
Key Resources
Cost Structure
Customer Relationships
Designed by: Date: Version:Designed for:
designed by: Business Model Foundry GmbH, Switzerland
www.businessmodelgeneration.com
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. strategyzer.com
zooming into the value proposition
put yourself in the
customers’ shoes
The focus should be on
what jobs customers
are trying to get done.
– Tony Ulwick, Founder Strategyn
“
”
44
customer
job-to-be-done
45
customervalue proposition
job-to-be-done
VP Canvas
The set of value proposition benefits that you design to attract customers.
Create Observe
The set of customer characteristics that you assume, observe, and verify in the market.
Fit
customer profilevalue map
The set of value proposition benefits that you design to attract customers.
Create Observe
The set of customer characteristics that you assume, observe, and verify in the market.
Fit
Outcome
If a Pain reliever or Gain cre
anything, it may not be cre
value. Don't worry if not all
checked – you can't satisfy
yourself, how well does you
tion really fit your Custome
customer profilevalue map
The set of value proposition benefits that you design to attract customers.
Create Observe
The set of customer characteristics that you assume, observe, and verify in the market.
Fit
Outcome
If a Pain reliever or Gain cre
anything, it may not be cre
value. Don't worry if not all
checked – you can't satisfy
yourself, how well does you
tion really fit your Custome
customer profilevalue map
The set of value proposition benefits that you design to attract customers.
Create Observe
The set of customer characteristics that you assume, observe, and verify in the market.
Fit
Outcome
If a Pain reliever or Gain cre
anything, it may not be cre
value. Don't worry if not all
checked – you can't satisfy
yourself, how well does you
tion really fit your Custome
customer profilevalue map
tells the story of how
you create value for
your customer
51[source photo: dholmes.com]
the customer’s biggest job to get done is NOT to buy the tools
52[source photo: griffinindustrial.co.uk]
but to manage, maintain, and replace the tools
(right tool, right place, right time)
1
1.1 Customer Profile
1.2 Value Map
1.3 Fit
.
Customer
Profile
customer jobs
what customers are
trying to get done
in their work and in
their lives
Job
Custo
conte
may
exam
when
are d
kids i
* The “
Job
It is im
not a
tance
impo
life b
ing to
signifi
insign
other
find a
or be
felt o
often
when
conse
FIND
EXECUTE
CONTRACTS
RESPECT
DEADLINES
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
The
can
cust
Wh
do
mu
Wh
are
tha
Ho
yo
mi
an
Wh
yo
sta
ge
cer
Wh
cus
afr
Wh
the
or
aw
Wh
E.g
wo
Wh
ma
wa
Wh
fro
inv
the
describe bad outcomes, risks,
and obstacles related to
customer jobs
customer pains
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
FIND
EXECUTE
CONTRACTS
RESPECT
DEADLINES
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
The
can
cust
Wh
ha
mo
Wh
wo
Ho
ers
wh
Wh
ea
cur
shi
Wh
cus
go
Wh
sea
or
Wh
the
rel
Ho
fai
or
Wh
of
low
qu
Link
xxx
describe the more or less
expected benefits the
customers are seeking
customer gains
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
FIND
EXECUTE
CONTRACTS
RESPECT
DEADLINES
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
100%
UPTIME
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
.2
Value Map
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
FIND
EXECUTE
CONTRACTS
RESPECT
DEADLINES
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
100%
UPTIME
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
?
products & services
A list of all the products and
services a value proposition is
built around
The
can
cust
Wh
ha
mo
Wh
wo
Ho
ers
wh
Wh
ea
cur
shi
Wh
cus
go
Wh
sea
or
Wh
the
rel
Ho
fai
or
Wh
of
low
qu
Link
xxx
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
TROUVER
EXÉCUTER
CONTRATS
RESPECTER
DÉLAIS
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
100%
UPTIME
ONLINE FLEET
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
pain relievers
describe how your products
and services kill or alleviate
customer pains
The
can
cust
Wh
ha
mo
Wh
wo
Ho
ers
wh
Wh
ea
cur
shi
Wh
cus
go
Wh
sea
or
Wh
the
rel
Ho
fai
or
Wh
of
low
qu
Link
xxx
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
TROUVER
EXÉCUTER
CONTRATS
RESPECTER
DÉLAIS
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
100%
UPTIME
NO COST FOR
REPAIR AND
REPLACEMENT
ONLINE FLEET
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
SUBSCRIPTION
gain creators
describe how your
products and services
create customer gains
The
can
cust
Wh
ha
mo
Wh
wo
Ho
ers
wh
Wh
ea
cur
shi
Wh
cus
go
Wh
sea
or
Wh
the
rel
Ho
fai
or
Wh
of
low
qu
Link
xxx
UPFRONT
INVESTMENT BROKEN
TOOLS
THEFT
DELAYS
PENALTY
COSTS
STRESS
TROUVER
EXÉCUTER
CONTRATS
RESPECTER
DÉLAIS
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
100%
UPTIME
ONLINE FLEET
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
SOUND COST
MANAGEMENT
ACCESS TO
MODERN FLEET
FLEET
PLANNING
SCHEDULE
IMMEDIATE TOOLREPLACEMENT
NO COST FOR
REPAIR AND
REPLACEMENT
SUBSCRIPTION
.3
Fit
l
r
Customers expect and desire a lot from products
and services. Yet, they also know they can’t have
it all. Focus on those gains that matter most to
customers and make a difference.
Customers have a lot of pains. No organization
can reasonably address all of them. Focus on
those “headaches” that matter most and are
insufficiently addressed.
Your
jury
valu
merc
Are you
addressing
essential
customer
gains?
Are you
addressing
extreme
customer
pains?
Fit
適応
l
r
Customers expect and desire a lot from products
and services. Yet, they also know they can’t have
it all. Focus on those gains that matter most to
customers and make a difference.
Customers have a lot of pains. No organization
can reasonably address all of them. Focus on
those “headaches” that matter most and are
insufficiently addressed.
Your
jury
valu
merc
Are you
addressing
essential
customer
gains?
Are you
addressing
extreme
customer
pains?
Fit
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TROUVER
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RESPECTER
DÉLAIS
ACCESS TO
NEWEST TOOLS
SAFETY
PROFITABLE
CONTRACTS
PREDICTABLE
COSTS
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UPTIME
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SUBSCRIPTION
rching for Fit
1Problem-Solution Fit
2Product-Market Fit
3Business Model FitThree kinds of fit
rching for Fit
1Problem-Solution Fit
2Product-Market Fit
3Business Model FitThree kinds of fit
Understanding customers
rching for Fit
1Problem-Solution Fit
2Product-Market Fit
3Business Model FitThree kinds of fit
Understanding customers
Design value propositions
rching for Fit
1Problem-Solution Fit
2Product-Market Fit
3Business Model FitThree kinds of fit
Understanding customers
Design value propositions
Find the right business model
MARKET FORCESINDUSTRY FORCES
MACRO ECONOMIC
FORCES
KEY TRENDS
environment
Not today
Design, Test, Repeat
design
test
design
ASSESSMENT
OBSERVATION
PROTOTYPING
TO
TESTING
FAILED
FROM
TESTING
STARTING POINTS
BU
SINE
SS
MO
DE
L
7QUESTIONS
We evaluate potential
solutions through user
observation & iterative
rapid prototyping.
– David Kelley, IDEO founder
“
”
Ideas and Starting Points Understand Customers
Prototype Possibilities
prototype possibilities
Starting points Understand customers
prototyping(pro·to·typ·ing)
def.
* the process of building quick,
cheap, and rough study models
prototyping is NOT about making a
refined picture of your first idea -
it’s about exploring alternatives
November 2012
illustration
Cost Structure
Key Partnerships
Key Resources Channels
Key Activities Value Propositions Customer
Relationships
Customer
Segments
Revenue Streams
A Movie Theatre’s Business Model
Movie
distributors Run facilities
Immersive
storytelling
experience
Mass market
Theatres
Online
ticketing
Ticket sales
Food & drinks
(margins)
Movie goers
Display
equipmemt
Staff
Rent
Food
distributors
Theatres
(good
location)
Movie rights
Food &
drinks
Source
movies
Going to the Movies
Let us walk through the concepts of the Value Proposition
Canvas with another simple example. Imagine the owner of
a movie theater chain wants to design new value proposi-
tions for his customers.
What drives the movie goer?
comfortable
haven't spent
much money
friends'
reviews not having
missed
something
feeling
included in
the storyorganized
everything in
advance
share with
someone relax
escape real
life
long
commute
get
entertained
learn from
another
place
expensivecrowded,
long queues
story too
complex bad parking
no convenient
show times
hurts my
eyes
waste of
time
limited
options
not able
to get
babysitter
What should the new value
proposition look like?
He could start with
tures and get exci
of big screens, sta
gies, tasty snacks
riences, etc. But of
if customers care
better understand
Traditionally he
graphic profiles of
this time he decide
segmentation with
a customer’s jobs,
?
78
CONCEPT1.3
78
In our ex
in which our movie goer finds
herse
ma
Add contextu
customer profi
The
designing v
The kids’ afternoon off Date night
affordable
for group
2 hrs = right
length of
time
kids are
happy and
calm
safe
environment
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
noise in the
room
manage kids
attention
not all kids
are happy
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter
not intimate
enough
occupy kids
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
relax
during busy
weekend
When? Wednesday afternoon When? Saturday evening When? Any time
Personal research
visual story
is easy to
remember
can consult
internet for
more info
lack of light
to take notes
can't capture
and share
can't control
speed
too shallow
for serious
learning
deepen
expertise
show off
knowledge
with friends
accurate
story
The kids’ afternoon off Date night
affordable
for group
2 hrs = right
length of
time
kids are
happy and
calm
safe
environment
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
noise in the
room
manage kids
attention
not all kids
are happy
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter
not intimate
enough
occupy kids
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
relax
during busy
weekend
When? Wednesday afternoon When? Saturday evening When? Any time
Personal research
visual story
is easy to
remember
can consult
internet for
more info
lack of light
to take notes
can't capture
and share
can't control
speed
too shallow
for serious
learning
deepen
expertise
show off
knowledge
with friends
accurate
story
The kids’ afternoon off Date night
affordable
for group
2 hrs = right
length of
time
kids are
happy and
calm
safe
environment
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
noise in the
room
manage kids
attention
not all kids
are happy
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter
not intimate
enough
occupy kids
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
relax
during busy
weekend
When? Wednesday afternoon When? Saturday evening When? Any time
Personal research
visual story
is easy to
remember
can consult
internet for
more info
lack of light
to take notes
can't capture
and share
can't control
speed
too shallow
for serious
learning
deepen
expertise
show off
knowledge
with friends
accurate
story
The kids’ afternoon off Date night
affordable
for group
2 hrs = right
length of
time
kids are
happy and
calm
safe
environment
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
noise in the
room
manage kids
attention
not all kids
are happy
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter
not intimate
enough
occupy kids
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
relax
during busy
weekend
When? Wednesday afternoon When? Saturday evening When? Any time
Personal research
visual story
is easy to
remember
can consult
internet for
more info
lack of light
to take notes
can't capture
and share
can't control
speed
too shallow
for serious
learning
deepen
expertise
show off
knowledge
with friends
accurate
story
movie
website
big screen
& surround
sound
ideal for
conversation
ideal for
conversation
home
comfort
intellectually
stimulating
instant
access
no babysitter
needed
intimate
setting
choose time
to go
stress relief
duo seats
advanced
online
booking
home
comfort
largest
library
instant
access
movies on big
screen
movie home
rentals
dinner in
town
spa for
couples
online visual
art exhibit
Open slot for which
potentially very different
value propositions are
competing.
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
control of
experience
83
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
movie
website
big screen
& surround
sound
ideal for
conversation
ideal for
conversation
home
comfort
intellectually
stimulating
instant
access
no babysitter
needed
intimate
setting
choose time
to go
stress relief
duo seats
advanced
online
booking
home
comfort
largest
library
instant
access
movies on big
screen
movie home
rentals
dinner in
town
spa for
couples
online visual
art exhibit
Open slot for which
potentially very different
value propositions are
competing.
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
control of
experience
83
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
movie
website
big screen
& surround
sound
ideal for
conversation
ideal for
conversation
home
comfort
intellectually
stimulating
instant
access
no babysitter
needed
intimate
setting
choose time
to go
stress relief
duo seats
advanced
online
booking
home
comfort
largest
library
instant
access
movies on big
screen
movie home
rentals
dinner in
town
spa for
couples
online visual
art exhibit
Open slot for which
potentially very different
value propositions are
competing.
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
control of
experience
83
both enjoyed
moment
leads to
great
conversation
waiting in line
not able to
get babysit-
ter not intimate
enough
share
moment of
fun
connect with
each other
2.1 Prototyping possibilities
2.2 Starting points
2.3 Understanding customers
2
PROTOTYPING
2.
Prototyping
Possibilities
9796
DESIGN
96
an open peer-to-peer
Napkin sketch
1
Flesh out Ideas with Canvases