This document discusses various techniques for achieving security in e-commerce, including encryption methods, digital certificates, public key infrastructure (PKI), and securing communication channels. It describes symmetric and asymmetric encryption, digital signatures, certification authorities, and how firewalls, SSL, and S-HTTP can be used to establish secure connections and transmit encrypted data between clients and servers on the internet. The document also outlines common security threats like viruses, hacking, and denial of service attacks, and examines how tools like encryption, firewalls, and digital certificates work to address vulnerabilities and achieve the goals of security, integrity, authentication and privacy in e-commerce.
E-mail Security[1] has been a growing concern over the past few years. The average individual,
who uses e-mail, naively believes that their e-mail is private and secure. The electronic world is
filled with snoopers who can access all types of data over the network. As the world goes
digital, with more and rawer information about individuals available electronically, the need
for security increases. Ubiquity and speed of email have made it increasingly effective. So
providing reliance over this medium has become an inevitable requirement. There are other
systems that provide specific security and are strongly tied to the mail servers and browsers [4].
To overcome this problem we propose HID Device based Secure E-mail which is immune to
root kits, botnets, man in the middle attack, phishing.
A novel way of integrating voice recognition and one time passwords to preven...ijdpsjournal
Phishing is a threat to all users of the internet who intend to use the web for secure transactions. In the
recent years the number of phishing attacks have increased drastically especially since the advent of ecommerce,
net banking and other services that have an emphasis on security. Phishing is characterized as
any malicious attack aided by a spoofed webpage to encourage users to input their security details.
Phishing is largely done to retrieve passwords and security details of unsuspecting users. This paper
details a new and more secure way to counteract the method of phishing
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The document discusses electronic commerce systems and technologies. It provides an overview of topics like e-commerce models, internet protocols, security issues, and implications for accounting. Specifically, it summarizes key concepts such as the benefits of e-commerce, internet technologies like packet switching and virtual private networks, common protocols, security methods involving encryption and digital signatures, and risks associated with intranets and the internet.
Over the past years, the number of email users has
clearly increased, and email has become a means of communication among thousands of users across continents. In this paper,
we present a comprehensive review of the email architecture,
components, and security protocols used for encryption and
authentication processes. We discuss Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
and Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME)
protocols, which are the most widely standards protocols to
protect email messages, and how they can be used to enhance the
security of Gmail service provider. In order to increase awareness among users, we present potential threats to the email system and how they can be overcome. One of the most common threats to the email system is spam, and for the protection against them, we have presented the nature and behavior of these spam and several techniques used to detect spam with its features and limitation.
We conclude by emphasizing some security tips and policies in
order to increase awareness among email users.
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,IJCSIS ISSN 1947-5500, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Email: ijcsiseditor@gmail.com
http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
https://google.academia.edu/JournalofComputerScience
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ijcsis-research-publications-8b916516/
http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-1319-2016
The document provides information about IP address classes and their characteristics. It discusses:
- The five classes of IP addresses (A, B, C, D, E), along with their address ranges and number of hosts/networks supported.
- Common IP address formats and components like subnet masks.
- Private and public IP addresses. Private addresses cannot access the internet directly while public addresses can.
- Other IP-related topics like loopback addresses, IPv4 vs IPv6, and the organization responsible for IP address assignment.
The document discusses security issues in e-commerce and m-commerce. It outlines four important aspects of security: confidentiality, integrity, authorization, and non-repudiation. It then discusses threats such as malicious code, sniffing, cyber vandalism, denial of service attacks, and spoofing. The document also outlines security measures like antivirus software, firewalls, digital certificates, cryptography, SSL, and protecting intellectual property through copyright, trademarks, digital watermarking, and steganography.
A novel hybrid approach of SVM combined with NLP and probabilistic neural ne...IJECEIAES
Phishing attacks are one of the slanting cyber-attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are imparted to individuals from expert hackers going for tricking clients to uncover their delicate data, the most mainstream correspondence channel to those messages is through clients' emails. Phishing has turned into a generous danger for web clients and a noteworthy reason for money related misfortunes. Therefore, different arrangements have been created to handle this issue. Deceitful emails, also called phishing emails, utilize a scope of impact strategies to convince people to react, for example, promising a fiscal reward or summoning a feeling of criticalness. Regardless of far reaching alerts and intends to instruct clients to distinguish phishing sends, these are as yet a pervasive practice and a worthwhile business. The creators accept that influence, as a style of human correspondence intended to impact others, has a focal job in fruitful advanced tricks. Cyber criminals have ceaselessly propelling their techniques for assault. The current strategies to recognize the presence of such malevolent projects and to keep them from executing are static, dynamic and hybrid analysis. In this work we are proposing a hybrid methodology for phishing detection incorporating feature extraction and classification of the mails using SVM. At last, alongside the chose features, the PNN characterizes the spam mails from the genuine mails with more exactness and accuracy.
E-mail Security[1] has been a growing concern over the past few years. The average individual,
who uses e-mail, naively believes that their e-mail is private and secure. The electronic world is
filled with snoopers who can access all types of data over the network. As the world goes
digital, with more and rawer information about individuals available electronically, the need
for security increases. Ubiquity and speed of email have made it increasingly effective. So
providing reliance over this medium has become an inevitable requirement. There are other
systems that provide specific security and are strongly tied to the mail servers and browsers [4].
To overcome this problem we propose HID Device based Secure E-mail which is immune to
root kits, botnets, man in the middle attack, phishing.
A novel way of integrating voice recognition and one time passwords to preven...ijdpsjournal
Phishing is a threat to all users of the internet who intend to use the web for secure transactions. In the
recent years the number of phishing attacks have increased drastically especially since the advent of ecommerce,
net banking and other services that have an emphasis on security. Phishing is characterized as
any malicious attack aided by a spoofed webpage to encourage users to input their security details.
Phishing is largely done to retrieve passwords and security details of unsuspecting users. This paper
details a new and more secure way to counteract the method of phishing
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The document discusses electronic commerce systems and technologies. It provides an overview of topics like e-commerce models, internet protocols, security issues, and implications for accounting. Specifically, it summarizes key concepts such as the benefits of e-commerce, internet technologies like packet switching and virtual private networks, common protocols, security methods involving encryption and digital signatures, and risks associated with intranets and the internet.
Over the past years, the number of email users has
clearly increased, and email has become a means of communication among thousands of users across continents. In this paper,
we present a comprehensive review of the email architecture,
components, and security protocols used for encryption and
authentication processes. We discuss Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
and Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME)
protocols, which are the most widely standards protocols to
protect email messages, and how they can be used to enhance the
security of Gmail service provider. In order to increase awareness among users, we present potential threats to the email system and how they can be overcome. One of the most common threats to the email system is spam, and for the protection against them, we have presented the nature and behavior of these spam and several techniques used to detect spam with its features and limitation.
We conclude by emphasizing some security tips and policies in
order to increase awareness among email users.
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,IJCSIS ISSN 1947-5500, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Email: ijcsiseditor@gmail.com
http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
https://google.academia.edu/JournalofComputerScience
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ijcsis-research-publications-8b916516/
http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-1319-2016
The document provides information about IP address classes and their characteristics. It discusses:
- The five classes of IP addresses (A, B, C, D, E), along with their address ranges and number of hosts/networks supported.
- Common IP address formats and components like subnet masks.
- Private and public IP addresses. Private addresses cannot access the internet directly while public addresses can.
- Other IP-related topics like loopback addresses, IPv4 vs IPv6, and the organization responsible for IP address assignment.
The document discusses security issues in e-commerce and m-commerce. It outlines four important aspects of security: confidentiality, integrity, authorization, and non-repudiation. It then discusses threats such as malicious code, sniffing, cyber vandalism, denial of service attacks, and spoofing. The document also outlines security measures like antivirus software, firewalls, digital certificates, cryptography, SSL, and protecting intellectual property through copyright, trademarks, digital watermarking, and steganography.
A novel hybrid approach of SVM combined with NLP and probabilistic neural ne...IJECEIAES
Phishing attacks are one of the slanting cyber-attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are imparted to individuals from expert hackers going for tricking clients to uncover their delicate data, the most mainstream correspondence channel to those messages is through clients' emails. Phishing has turned into a generous danger for web clients and a noteworthy reason for money related misfortunes. Therefore, different arrangements have been created to handle this issue. Deceitful emails, also called phishing emails, utilize a scope of impact strategies to convince people to react, for example, promising a fiscal reward or summoning a feeling of criticalness. Regardless of far reaching alerts and intends to instruct clients to distinguish phishing sends, these are as yet a pervasive practice and a worthwhile business. The creators accept that influence, as a style of human correspondence intended to impact others, has a focal job in fruitful advanced tricks. Cyber criminals have ceaselessly propelling their techniques for assault. The current strategies to recognize the presence of such malevolent projects and to keep them from executing are static, dynamic and hybrid analysis. In this work we are proposing a hybrid methodology for phishing detection incorporating feature extraction and classification of the mails using SVM. At last, alongside the chose features, the PNN characterizes the spam mails from the genuine mails with more exactness and accuracy.
Sms base file search & automatic contact saving technique using gsm 38521EditorIJAERD
This document proposes and describes an SMS-based application that allows users to search for files on a remote desktop computer and receive them via email. It discusses existing file search systems and their limitations. The proposed system would allow a user to send an SMS with the file name, optional location, and their email address. The receiving desktop computer would then search for and email the requested file, while also updating the user's contact list. The system aims to provide a simple, cost-effective way to remotely access files without needing computer expertise or an internet connection on the requesting device.
1, prevalent network threats and telecommunication security challenges and co...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses security challenges and threats in VoIP networks, including eavesdropping, toll fraud, denial of service attacks, spam over internet telephony, and pharming attacks.
2) It proposes several defense measures to prevent these threats, such as intrusion detection systems, filtering techniques to resist spam, and load balancing algorithms to mitigate flash crowd attacks.
3) The vulnerabilities of VoIP networks arise because they use the open Internet for transmission, leaving them exposed to the security issues that exist on IP-based networks.
Email spoofing and phishing increased by 220% in 2021. With such high numbers, cyber-criminals are taking advantage of opportunities to spoof emails and phish for valuable information and credentials. As a result, the average cost of a data breach in 2021 was $4.24 million!
This document discusses various aspects of internet security. It begins by listing sources on topics like data protection laws, reducing security breaches in cloud computing, and changing internet security settings. It then discusses threats like spam, malware, hackers, and hoaxes that can impact system performance. The document provides tips for strong passwords, maintaining privacy online, and respecting others' confidentiality. It also outlines security precautions like using antivirus software, firewall settings, and internet security settings. Laws and guidelines regarding data protection, appropriate online behavior, copyright, and content filtering are presented. Employer procedures for maintaining data protection and restricting email/website access are described. Reporting security issues and reducing threats to networks are also addressed.
This document provides information about an e-learning module on e-commerce security. It discusses practical information about the training, including that participants can complete modules individually or in order, and should spend around 45-90 minutes per module. It encourages active participation. The module contents are then outlined and include definitions of e-commerce security, security threats and types of fraud, security requirements, electronic payment systems, developing a security plan, designing security, ways to protect yourself, and technology solutions. Learning objectives are listed at the end.
1) Ethical hacking involves legally accessing a network or system with the owner's permission to test security vulnerabilities. It helps find weaknesses that malicious hackers could exploit.
2) The document provides a history of hacking from the 1960s to present day, including early hackers at MIT and incidents involving stolen credit cards and hacked email accounts.
3) It describes ethical hackers as "white hats" who test security with permission, and outlines some common hacking techniques like port scanning, password cracking, and denial of service attacks used to gather information and launch attacks. The document provides safety tips for online privacy and security.
This document provides guidance on identifying and preventing the spread of malware through emails. It discusses how malicious emails try to trick recipients through spoofing, phishing links and attachments. Examples are given of common types of malicious emails, like those disguised as package tracking notifications but containing viruses. The document advises users to be wary of emails from unknown senders or containing strange formatting, links or large attachments meant to infect computers. Proper precautions can help safeguard systems from data loss or theft resulting from malware spread through emails.
The document provides an overview of operating system security concepts including data security methods, network security topics, authentication technologies, PC security issues, wireless security best practices, and firewall configuration. Key points covered include using accounts, groups and permissions to control data access; understanding authentication methods like smart cards, biometric devices and key fobs; ways to secure PCs against viruses and malware; and configuring Windows XP firewall settings.
Bloombase Spitfire Messaging Security Server BrochureBloombase
The document is a brochure for Bloombase Spitfire Messaging, an enterprise email security server. It encrypts emails on the fly without requiring changes to user workflows or email clients. It supports all major email servers and provides transparent encryption, decryption, and digital signing of emails to ensure confidentiality and verify sender identity. Deployment is easy through a virtual appliance or network attached device.
Jim Slick is the President and CEO of Slick Cyber Systems. He has over 30 years of experience in IT, including building data centers. His presentation covers various topics related to enterprise security, including gateway security, unified threat management appliances, email security, server security, desktop security, remote user security, disaster recovery and backup, social engineering, security policies, and outsourcing IT functions. He emphasizes the importance of having proper security measures, policies, and expertise in place to protect a business and its data.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a protocol for signalling multimedia sessions
with one or more participants. SIP is an application layer control protocol to initiate
and control user sessions. It is used in call set-up signalling for IP telephony, instead
of SS7 for circuit switching network. SIP is becoming popular in IP networking.
This paper presents and analyses some threats and attacks that SIP is vulnerable to.
These threats and attacks set the requirements for security mechanisms that are used
to make SIP more secure. This paper examines some of these security mechanisms.
In order to present and analyse the security threats and the security mechanisms they
are divided into different aspects of security. Privacy protection issues of SIP are also
discussed in this paper.
Type of Security Threats and its Preventionijsrd.com
Security is a branch of computer technology known as information security as applied to computers and networks. The objective of online security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption, or threats attack, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users. The term online system security means the collective processes and mechanisms by which sensitive and valuable information and services are protected from publication, tampering or collapse by unauthorized activities or untrustworthy individuals and unplanned events respectively. The basic aim of this article is to Prevention against unauthorized security Attack and Threats.
ICDL Secure Use of IT:
Key Concepts of data security; protect computer from malware and unauthorised access; types of networks; browse www and email securely; security issues of e-mail and instant messaging; back-up and restore data safely; securely dispose of data and devices.
Unlimited Length Random Passwords for Exponentially Increased SecurityIJCSEA Journal
This document proposes a new method to exponentially strengthen passwords against cracking by injecting random strings of random length at random positions within the password before encrypting it. The random strings are separated from the original password by delimiter strings chosen by the user. When decrypted, the random strings can be identified and removed using the delimiter strings to extract the original password. This method makes password cracking much more difficult by scattering the original password characters and increasing the search space for attackers. Security factors are calculated showing passwords encrypted with this method would take exponentially longer times, such as trillions of years, to crack using brute force attacks compared to traditionally padded passwords. The method can also be applied to encrypt other sensitive data like credit card numbers or cryptocurrency information
IRJET- Graphical user Authentication for an Alphanumeric OTPIRJET Journal
This document discusses graphical passwords as an alternative to traditional alphanumeric passwords. It summarizes different types of graphical password authentication techniques, including recognition-based systems where users select images during registration and later identify those images to log in. It also discusses recall-based systems where users recreate a password by clicking or drawing on images. The document proposes using a one-time password (OTP) with graphical passwords to enhance security against shoulder surfing attacks, where the OTP provides information about which items to click in an image for authentication. Overall, the document analyzes the security and usability advantages of graphical passwords compared to traditional text-based passwords.
Allnet Solutions asked for help implementing email encryption options across its offices in New Zealand. The options should work with Lotus Notes, Pegasus, Outlook, and GroupWise. PGP and S/MIME are common encryption methods that use public/private key pairs to encrypt messages. While encryption provides security benefits, it also faces challenges around key management, costs, compatibility, and unrealistic requirements. Strategic planning is needed to ensure encryption is manageable for IT and users. Professional secure email services can help overcome simplicity and compatibility issues.
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
The document discusses various web-based tools used in e-commerce, including the world wide web (www), HTTP, SMTP, FTP, and TCP/IP. It defines the web as a system of servers supporting hypertext transfer protocol to access internet resources. URLs are described as unique addresses for websites containing information on the access method and resource. HTTP is explained as the method for transferring hypertext files like web pages over the internet using hyperlinks to connect documents. Intranets and extranets are introduced as internal or restricted external networks that use internet standards for communication within or between organizations.
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It defines e-business as the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm using information systems under the firm's control. E-business applications primarily involve applying digital technologies to internal business processes. E-commerce refers specifically to commercial activities involving an exchange of value over the internet. The document outlines different types of e-business models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer, as well as technology-based models like peer-to-peer and mobile commerce. It also discusses the benefits, limitations, and key aspects of e-business and e-commerce.
The document discusses emerging trends and best practices in global e-commerce, including micro-payments, mobile technologies, social media, fulfillment options, global availability, localization, customizability, and time-based availability. It also covers mobile commerce (m-commerce), digital commerce (d-commerce), e-governance, strategies for e-commerce, and the legal, ethical, and societal impacts of e-commerce.
E-money refers to stored monetary value that is electronically represented and can be used for making payments. There are two main types of e-money: identified e-money, which contains information revealing the identity of the person who withdrew the money from the bank; and anonymous e-money, which works like cash and does not leave a transaction trail. Electronic payment systems allow for global reach, high speed, low transaction costs, and are highly automated. Security measures for e-payments include authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, non-repudiation, and standards like SSL and SET.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) involves the computer-to-computer exchange of standard electronic documents between business partners. EDI replaces postal mail, fax, and email by allowing documents like purchase orders and invoices to flow directly to the appropriate application on the receiver's computer without human intervention. Key aspects of EDI include the use of standard formats so computers can process documents, the role of value added networks and trading partners in exchanging documents electronically, and the benefits of EDI like lower costs, fewer errors, and faster processing.
Sms base file search & automatic contact saving technique using gsm 38521EditorIJAERD
This document proposes and describes an SMS-based application that allows users to search for files on a remote desktop computer and receive them via email. It discusses existing file search systems and their limitations. The proposed system would allow a user to send an SMS with the file name, optional location, and their email address. The receiving desktop computer would then search for and email the requested file, while also updating the user's contact list. The system aims to provide a simple, cost-effective way to remotely access files without needing computer expertise or an internet connection on the requesting device.
1, prevalent network threats and telecommunication security challenges and co...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses security challenges and threats in VoIP networks, including eavesdropping, toll fraud, denial of service attacks, spam over internet telephony, and pharming attacks.
2) It proposes several defense measures to prevent these threats, such as intrusion detection systems, filtering techniques to resist spam, and load balancing algorithms to mitigate flash crowd attacks.
3) The vulnerabilities of VoIP networks arise because they use the open Internet for transmission, leaving them exposed to the security issues that exist on IP-based networks.
Email spoofing and phishing increased by 220% in 2021. With such high numbers, cyber-criminals are taking advantage of opportunities to spoof emails and phish for valuable information and credentials. As a result, the average cost of a data breach in 2021 was $4.24 million!
This document discusses various aspects of internet security. It begins by listing sources on topics like data protection laws, reducing security breaches in cloud computing, and changing internet security settings. It then discusses threats like spam, malware, hackers, and hoaxes that can impact system performance. The document provides tips for strong passwords, maintaining privacy online, and respecting others' confidentiality. It also outlines security precautions like using antivirus software, firewall settings, and internet security settings. Laws and guidelines regarding data protection, appropriate online behavior, copyright, and content filtering are presented. Employer procedures for maintaining data protection and restricting email/website access are described. Reporting security issues and reducing threats to networks are also addressed.
This document provides information about an e-learning module on e-commerce security. It discusses practical information about the training, including that participants can complete modules individually or in order, and should spend around 45-90 minutes per module. It encourages active participation. The module contents are then outlined and include definitions of e-commerce security, security threats and types of fraud, security requirements, electronic payment systems, developing a security plan, designing security, ways to protect yourself, and technology solutions. Learning objectives are listed at the end.
1) Ethical hacking involves legally accessing a network or system with the owner's permission to test security vulnerabilities. It helps find weaknesses that malicious hackers could exploit.
2) The document provides a history of hacking from the 1960s to present day, including early hackers at MIT and incidents involving stolen credit cards and hacked email accounts.
3) It describes ethical hackers as "white hats" who test security with permission, and outlines some common hacking techniques like port scanning, password cracking, and denial of service attacks used to gather information and launch attacks. The document provides safety tips for online privacy and security.
This document provides guidance on identifying and preventing the spread of malware through emails. It discusses how malicious emails try to trick recipients through spoofing, phishing links and attachments. Examples are given of common types of malicious emails, like those disguised as package tracking notifications but containing viruses. The document advises users to be wary of emails from unknown senders or containing strange formatting, links or large attachments meant to infect computers. Proper precautions can help safeguard systems from data loss or theft resulting from malware spread through emails.
The document provides an overview of operating system security concepts including data security methods, network security topics, authentication technologies, PC security issues, wireless security best practices, and firewall configuration. Key points covered include using accounts, groups and permissions to control data access; understanding authentication methods like smart cards, biometric devices and key fobs; ways to secure PCs against viruses and malware; and configuring Windows XP firewall settings.
Bloombase Spitfire Messaging Security Server BrochureBloombase
The document is a brochure for Bloombase Spitfire Messaging, an enterprise email security server. It encrypts emails on the fly without requiring changes to user workflows or email clients. It supports all major email servers and provides transparent encryption, decryption, and digital signing of emails to ensure confidentiality and verify sender identity. Deployment is easy through a virtual appliance or network attached device.
Jim Slick is the President and CEO of Slick Cyber Systems. He has over 30 years of experience in IT, including building data centers. His presentation covers various topics related to enterprise security, including gateway security, unified threat management appliances, email security, server security, desktop security, remote user security, disaster recovery and backup, social engineering, security policies, and outsourcing IT functions. He emphasizes the importance of having proper security measures, policies, and expertise in place to protect a business and its data.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a protocol for signalling multimedia sessions
with one or more participants. SIP is an application layer control protocol to initiate
and control user sessions. It is used in call set-up signalling for IP telephony, instead
of SS7 for circuit switching network. SIP is becoming popular in IP networking.
This paper presents and analyses some threats and attacks that SIP is vulnerable to.
These threats and attacks set the requirements for security mechanisms that are used
to make SIP more secure. This paper examines some of these security mechanisms.
In order to present and analyse the security threats and the security mechanisms they
are divided into different aspects of security. Privacy protection issues of SIP are also
discussed in this paper.
Type of Security Threats and its Preventionijsrd.com
Security is a branch of computer technology known as information security as applied to computers and networks. The objective of online security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption, or threats attack, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users. The term online system security means the collective processes and mechanisms by which sensitive and valuable information and services are protected from publication, tampering or collapse by unauthorized activities or untrustworthy individuals and unplanned events respectively. The basic aim of this article is to Prevention against unauthorized security Attack and Threats.
ICDL Secure Use of IT:
Key Concepts of data security; protect computer from malware and unauthorised access; types of networks; browse www and email securely; security issues of e-mail and instant messaging; back-up and restore data safely; securely dispose of data and devices.
Unlimited Length Random Passwords for Exponentially Increased SecurityIJCSEA Journal
This document proposes a new method to exponentially strengthen passwords against cracking by injecting random strings of random length at random positions within the password before encrypting it. The random strings are separated from the original password by delimiter strings chosen by the user. When decrypted, the random strings can be identified and removed using the delimiter strings to extract the original password. This method makes password cracking much more difficult by scattering the original password characters and increasing the search space for attackers. Security factors are calculated showing passwords encrypted with this method would take exponentially longer times, such as trillions of years, to crack using brute force attacks compared to traditionally padded passwords. The method can also be applied to encrypt other sensitive data like credit card numbers or cryptocurrency information
IRJET- Graphical user Authentication for an Alphanumeric OTPIRJET Journal
This document discusses graphical passwords as an alternative to traditional alphanumeric passwords. It summarizes different types of graphical password authentication techniques, including recognition-based systems where users select images during registration and later identify those images to log in. It also discusses recall-based systems where users recreate a password by clicking or drawing on images. The document proposes using a one-time password (OTP) with graphical passwords to enhance security against shoulder surfing attacks, where the OTP provides information about which items to click in an image for authentication. Overall, the document analyzes the security and usability advantages of graphical passwords compared to traditional text-based passwords.
Allnet Solutions asked for help implementing email encryption options across its offices in New Zealand. The options should work with Lotus Notes, Pegasus, Outlook, and GroupWise. PGP and S/MIME are common encryption methods that use public/private key pairs to encrypt messages. While encryption provides security benefits, it also faces challenges around key management, costs, compatibility, and unrealistic requirements. Strategic planning is needed to ensure encryption is manageable for IT and users. Professional secure email services can help overcome simplicity and compatibility issues.
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
The document discusses various web-based tools used in e-commerce, including the world wide web (www), HTTP, SMTP, FTP, and TCP/IP. It defines the web as a system of servers supporting hypertext transfer protocol to access internet resources. URLs are described as unique addresses for websites containing information on the access method and resource. HTTP is explained as the method for transferring hypertext files like web pages over the internet using hyperlinks to connect documents. Intranets and extranets are introduced as internal or restricted external networks that use internet standards for communication within or between organizations.
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It defines e-business as the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm using information systems under the firm's control. E-business applications primarily involve applying digital technologies to internal business processes. E-commerce refers specifically to commercial activities involving an exchange of value over the internet. The document outlines different types of e-business models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer, as well as technology-based models like peer-to-peer and mobile commerce. It also discusses the benefits, limitations, and key aspects of e-business and e-commerce.
The document discusses emerging trends and best practices in global e-commerce, including micro-payments, mobile technologies, social media, fulfillment options, global availability, localization, customizability, and time-based availability. It also covers mobile commerce (m-commerce), digital commerce (d-commerce), e-governance, strategies for e-commerce, and the legal, ethical, and societal impacts of e-commerce.
E-money refers to stored monetary value that is electronically represented and can be used for making payments. There are two main types of e-money: identified e-money, which contains information revealing the identity of the person who withdrew the money from the bank; and anonymous e-money, which works like cash and does not leave a transaction trail. Electronic payment systems allow for global reach, high speed, low transaction costs, and are highly automated. Security measures for e-payments include authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, non-repudiation, and standards like SSL and SET.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) involves the computer-to-computer exchange of standard electronic documents between business partners. EDI replaces postal mail, fax, and email by allowing documents like purchase orders and invoices to flow directly to the appropriate application on the receiver's computer without human intervention. Key aspects of EDI include the use of standard formats so computers can process documents, the role of value added networks and trading partners in exchanging documents electronically, and the benefits of EDI like lower costs, fewer errors, and faster processing.
This document discusses several legal, ethical and social issues related to electronic commerce (EC). It covers topics such as privacy and protecting personal information, intellectual property rights, unsolicited electronic ads/spam, free speech vs censorship, taxation of online businesses, and how laws and regulations are still developing to address challenges from EC. The key issues involve balancing consumer protection vs business interests, as well as countries establishing consistent privacy, IP and other legal frameworks for digital/online activities.
Digital certificates certify the identity of individuals, institutions, or devices seeking access to information online. They are issued by a Certification Authority which verifies the identity of the certificate holder and embeds their public key and information into the certificate. Digital certificates allow for secure online transactions by providing identity verification, non-repudiation of transactions, encryption of communications, and single sign-on access to systems. They are commonly used in applications that require authentication and encryption like SSL, S/MIME, SET, and IPSec.
This document discusses intrusion detection systems (IDS). An IDS monitors network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations. IDS can be classified based on detection method (anomaly-based detects deviations from normal usage, signature-based looks for known attack patterns) or location (host-based monitors individual systems, network-based monitors entire network traffic). The document outlines strengths and limitations of different IDS types and discusses the future of integrating detection methods.
1) Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two graduate students at Stanford University.
2) Google indexes over 20 billion web pages and provides a variety of search tools and services beyond traditional web searches, including images, news, books, scholarly articles, maps, and more.
3) Effective Googling requires understanding how to use advanced search operators and specialty search functions to refine results by filetype, website, or other parameters.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce, including its definition, key concepts, models, and benefits/limitations. It defines e-commerce as business transactions conducted electronically and notes it initially started in 1948. The models of e-commerce discussed include B2B, B2C, B2G, C2C, C2G, and C2B. Benefits listed are operational cost savings, international marketplaces, and mass customization. Limitations include security/reliability issues, technology evolution, and lack of trust in online interactions. Intranets and extranets are also summarized.
Digital signatures provide authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation for digital documents and messages. They work by using public key cryptography where a private key is used to sign a message hash and the corresponding public key can then verify that the signature is valid. Digital signatures are important for electronic transactions and communications where the identity of the sender and the integrity of the message need to be assured. However, digital signatures are only as secure as the private keys used to create them.
PATHS Functional specification first prototypepathsproject
The document presents a functional specification for the first prototype of the PATHS system, which aims to make exploring cultural heritage content enjoyable and easy for users, detailing functions like user accounts, workspaces, searching, creating paths and nodes, tagging, and different types of users including general, registered, and administrators. The specification is based on analysis of user requirements to implement core necessary functions for the first prototype while leaving more complex aspects for future iterations.
IND-2012-300 Mother's Pet Kindergarten Nagpur - A U trurn for traffic Rulesdesignforchangechallenge
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The importance of Exchange 2013 CAS in Exchange 2013 coexistence | Part 2/2 |...Eyal Doron
The importance of Exchange 2013 CAS in Exchange 2013 coexistence | Part 2/2 | 3#23
http://o365info.com/the-importance-of-exchange-2013-cas-in-exchange-2013-coexistence-environment-part-22/
Reviewing the subject of - Exchange CAS 2013 role in an Exchange 2013 coexistence environment.
This is the second article, in a series of two articles.
Eyal Doron | o365info.com
The document discusses the results of a study on the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on air pollution. Researchers found that lockdowns led to significant short-term reductions in nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter pollution globally as transportation and industrial activities declined substantially. However, the document notes that the improvements in air quality were temporary and pollution levels rose back to pre-pandemic levels as restrictions eased and activity increased again.
Mail migration to office 365 mail migration methods - part 1#4Eyal Doron
Mail migration to Office 365 | Mail Migration methods | Part 1/4
http://o365info.com/mail-migration-office-365-mail-migration-methods-part-14
Reviewing the different mail migration options that are available to us for migrating existing mail infrastructure to Office 365 (Exchange Online). We will focus on the features and the characters of the different mail migration methods (this is the first article on a series of four articles).
Eyal Doron | o365info.com
This document discusses e-commerce security and payment systems. It begins by outlining common security threats in e-commerce like malware, hacking, phishing and data breaches. It then describes technologies used for e-commerce security such as encryption, SSL, firewalls and policies/procedures. Finally, it examines different payment systems for e-commerce like credit cards, debit cards, stored value systems and mobile payments. The overall document provides an overview of security challenges and solutions in e-commerce and online payment processing.
This document discusses e-commerce security and payment systems from a textbook. It covers several topics:
- Common security threats to e-commerce like malware, hacking, phishing, and denial of service attacks.
- Technologies used to secure e-commerce transactions and communication channels, including encryption methods, digital signatures, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems.
- Specific security issues related to mobile commerce and cloud services.
- Payment systems and the typical process of an e-commerce transaction, including vulnerable points that could be exploited by threats.
Security is a very important consideration for any online business. Business owners need to understand the security threats that pose a threat to their business
The document discusses various security threats in e-commerce. It begins by defining a threat as any person, object, or entity that poses a constant danger to an asset. It then categorizes different types of threats including acts of human error, espionage/trespassing, and network security goals of confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and availability. The document also discusses encryption techniques like symmetric, asymmetric, and digital signatures. It provides examples of symmetric algorithms such as DES, AES, and RSA for asymmetric encryption. Finally, it summarizes various cryptography-based protocols and applications used for e-commerce security.
Network security refers to measures taken to secure a computer network and data using hardware and software. This aims to secure confidentiality and accessibility of data and the network. The document discusses the basic principles of network security including physical, technical, and administrative security layers. It also describes common network security threats like access control, antivirus software, and cloud security. Email security is discussed as well, including best practices like spam filtering, encryption, antivirus protection, and employee education to protect against phishing and spoofing attacks.
The document discusses security threats and solutions for e-commerce. It outlines various threats like human error, espionage, hacking and fraud. It then describes goals of network security like confidentiality, integrity and authentication. Further, it explains encryption techniques like symmetric algorithms (DES, 3DES, AES), asymmetric algorithms and digital signatures to secure e-commerce transactions and communication channels. Key requirements for e-commerce security are also highlighted such as message privacy, integrity, authentication and non-repudiation of transactions.
This document is a paper submitted to the University of Kerala by Nikhil D. in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor of Education degree. The paper discusses cyber privacy, password protection, and related cybersecurity issues. It defines cyber privacy and outlines privacy hazards like cookies, web bugs, hacking, spamming, and data mining. It also discusses cyber security measures like firewalls, VPNs, and two-factor authentication. The paper provides guidelines for creating strong passwords and concludes by emphasizing the interconnected nature of privacy protection and cyber security.
This document discusses e-commerce security threats and solutions. It outlines several security threats including malware, phishing, hacking, credit card and identity fraud. It also examines dimensions of e-security like integrity, authenticity, confidentiality and availability. The tension between security and ease of use is explored. Technology solutions to secure communications and networks through encryption, SSL, firewalls and anti-virus software are presented.
This document discusses security in e-commerce. It covers various threats to e-commerce like human error, espionage, and network threats. It also discusses security goals like confidentiality, integrity, authentication and availability. Cryptography techniques like symmetric and asymmetric encryption are described as ways to provide security. Requirements for e-commerce security like message privacy, integrity, authentication, authorization and payment are outlined.
This is the Second Chapter of Cisco Cyber Security Essentials course Which discusses the types of threats, attack vectors, vulnerabilities faced by Information Systems. It describes about the types of Malware.
The document describes a USB-based secure email system that provides encryption between the client and web server and between the web server and email server. Security features include multifactor authentication using a USB security token requiring fingerprint authentication, transaction key encryption, and XML encryption of email contents and keys. The system aims to protect against threats like man-in-the-middle attacks, password guessing, and provides user privacy without transmitting emails in plaintext.
E-mail Security[1] has been a growing concern over the past few years. The average individual, who uses e-mail, naively believes that their e-mail is private and secure. The electronic world is filled with snoopers who can access all types of data over the network. As the world goes digital, with more and rawer information about individuals available electronically, the need
for security increases. Ubiquity and speed of email have made it increasingly effective. So providing reliance over this medium has become an inevitable requirement. There are other
systems that provide specific security and are strongly tied to the mail servers and browsers [4]. To overcome this problem we propose HID Device based Secure E-mail which is immune to
root kits, botnets, man in the middle attack, phishing.
This document introduces Gemalto and their solution called Armored Office. It discusses how static passwords are no longer enough for security and compliance with regulations. Armored Office provides a solution for strong authentication and encryption to securely access networks and data from any device. It offers a single credential to log in to endpoints, access networks remotely, and encrypt files/emails. The target market is security-sensitive organizations for executives and users with access to sensitive information. It aims to protect data and enable secure access from any device while meeting compliance requirements.
Security is important to protect private information, company secrets, and equipment from threats. A chapter discusses security procedures like identifying threats, maintaining security through techniques like passwords and updates, and troubleshooting security issues. Potential threats include viruses, hacking, and loss of data or equipment. The document outlines various security methods and best practices for networks, data, wireless access, and hardware to maintain security.
The document discusses computer security, including its objectives of secrecy, availability, and integrity. It covers security policies, threats like intercepted emails and unauthorized access. The goals of security are outlined as data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Security mechanisms are used to provide services like confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and access control. Both passive attacks like interception and active attacks like modification are described. The document also discusses security classification, attacks, and tools to achieve security like encryption, public key cryptography, secure communication channels, firewalls, and proxies. It notes the tension between security and other values like ease of use and public safety.
This document provides an open source study guide for the CompTIA Security+ SY0-501 exam. It aims to gather information from various online sources to cover all exam topics without requiring expensive training courses. The exam domains include threats and vulnerabilities, technologies and tools, architecture and design, identity and access management, risk management, and cryptography. The study guide also provides free resources like practice questions and training courses. It then covers various security topics in detail, such as attacks, system hardening, encryption, firewalls, and more.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.