ICDL Secure Use of IT: Key Concepts of data security; protect computer from malware and unauthorised access; types of networks; browse www and email securely; security issues of e-mail and instant messaging; back-up and restore data safely; securely dispose of data and devices.

1. Secure Use of IT
1
European Computer Driving Licence
9/26/2017

2. 2
 Please check the spelling of your name (in accordance with
NRIC or Passport)
 Please set mobiles to silent
 No food and drinks (except bottle drinks with CAP)
 Training materials
 Washroom and emergency exits location
 AM Tea break: 10 – 10:15 am (15 minutes)
 Lunch break: 12-1pm (1 hour)
 PM Tea break: 3 – 3.15pm (15 minutes)
 Please scan your thumb drives for viruses
Points to Note
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3. 3
 WSQ is a national credentials system developed and
managed by Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA)
 Aim to train, develop, assess and recognise adult workers for
competencies that companies need of their employees
What is ES WSQ
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4. 4
 At end of lesson, you are required to take a summative
assessment using the online tools of International Computer
Driving Test (ICDL)
 To be assessed as competent you must attain:
 Minimum 75% attendance
 Minimum 75% pass for ICDL Test
Assessment
9/26/2017

5. 5
 Secure Use of IT
 Security Concepts
 Malware
 Network Security
 Access Controls
 Secure Web Use
 Communications
 Secure Data Management
Course Outline
9/26/2017

6. Security Concepts
 1.1 Data Threats
 Common Terms
o What is Data?
o What is Information?
o Cybercrime
o Hacking
 Cloud Computing
o What is Cloud Computing?
o Vulnerabilities
• Session Hijacking
• Service Reliability
• Reliance on the Internet
o Threats
• Data Control
• Denial of Service
• Potential Loss of Privacy
• Malicious Insiders
• Loss of Data
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7. Security Concepts
 1.2 Value of Information
 Basic Characteristics
o Confidentiality
o Integrity
o Availability
 Protecting Personal Information
o Personal Privacy, Data theft
 Protecting Commercial Information
o Financial Statements, Customers Records
o Trade Secrets, New Products & Patents
 Data Privacy or Protection
o Data Protection Legislation
 Data Subjects and Data Controllers
 ICT Policies
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8. Security Concepts
 1.3 Personal Security
 Social Engineering
o Information Gathering (Illegally obtain sensitive data)
o Fraud (Faking identity to obtain confidential information)
o Computer System Access (Infiltrate 3rd Party Computer Systems)
 Methods of Social Engineering
o Phone Calls (Impersonating Person)
o Phishing (Fraud Email to Fraud Website)
o Shoulder Surfing (Looking Over Shoulder)
 Identity Thefts and Its Implications
 Methods of Identity Theft
o Information Driving (Look in Trash Bins for
Credit Card Statements)
o Skimming (Device attached to ATM to capture Victim's Cards)
o Pretexting (Inventing Scenario to engage Victim)
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9. Security Concepts
 1.4 File Security
 Enabling/Disabling Macro Security Settings
 Setting File Passwords
 Encrypt a Folder or Drive
 Advantages of Encryption
o Ensure Confidentiality of Data
o Prevents Unauthorised Person From Opening
and Reading Data
o Ensure Data Integrity and Prevent Unauthorised
Alteration of Data
o Verify Author of Document
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10. Security Concepts
 1.4 File Security
 Limitation of Encryption
o Cannot recover data if you forget your password
o Easy to crack password for older version of Words Document and Zip
archive
o Attract attention for encrypted files
o Cannot prevent deletion of data
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11. Security Concepts
 1.5 Review Exercise
1. The process of intentionally accessing a computer without
authorisation or exceeding authorised access is known as:
c. Hacking
2. Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of
information security?
b. Locality
3. Which of the following is an advantage of encryption?
b. Ensures data integrity
4. Which one of the following terms describe the
process of someone monitoring you keying in
your ATM pin with malicious intent?
a. Shoulder surfing
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12. MALWARE
 2.1 Types of Malware
 Definition of Malware
o Malware is malicious software designed to install and harm your computer
 Types of Infectious Malware
o Viruses
o Worms (WannaCry Ransomware)
o Trojan horses (pretends as harmless program that
collect you login info and password
o Rootkits
o Backdoor
 Types of Data Thefts
o Adware
o Spyware
o Botnet
o Keylogger
o Dialler
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13. MALWARE
 2.2 Protection
 Understanding Anti-Virus Software
o Identify and eliminate malware by scanning files in your computer
 Limitations
o Anti-virus software features
o Zero-day exploits
o Vulnerabilities
 Using an Anti-Virus Software
o Scanning
o Scanning Specific Drives
o Scheduling Scans
 Quarantine Files
 Updating Anti-Virus Software
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14. MALWARE
 2.3 Review Exercise
1. __________ is created and distributed for malicious purposes:
a. Malware
2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of spyware?
d. Call numbers without consent
3. A network of infected computers used to distribute malware is
known as:
b. Botnet
4. Which one of the following options is not a common option
when anti-virus software detects an infected file?
c. Open
5. Match the malware type on the left with the
description on the right?
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15. Network Security
 3.1 Networks And Connections
 Common Network Types
o LAN (Local Area Network)
o WAN (Wide Area Network)
o WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network)
o VPN (Virtual Private Network)
 Security Implications of Connecting to a Network
o Malware
o Unauthorised Data Access, Privacy
 Roles of the Network Administrator
 Functions of Firewall
 Limitation of Firewall
o Viruses
o Attacks
o Monitoring
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16. Network Security
 3.2 Wireless Security
 Potential Risks of Using Unprotected Wireless Network
o Eavesdroppers
o Network Hijacking
o Man in the Middle
 Types of Wireless Security
o Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
o Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
o Media Access Control (MAC) Address Filtering)
o Service Set Identifier (SSID) Hiding
 Using Personal Hotspots
 Enabling/Disabling a Personal Hotspot (Smartphone)
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17. Network Security
 3.3 Review Exercise
1. Which of the following is not a type of network?
b. WAP
2. Which of the following is not a feature of a firewall?
a. Encrypts information
3. List 2 security implications of connecting to a network.
Malware
Unauthorised data access
Privacy
4. In wireless security, WPA is:
d. Wi-Fi Protected Access
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18. Access Controls
 4.1 Methods
 Preventing Unauthorised Data Access
 Passwords
 PIN (Personal Identification Number)
 Encryption
 Multi-factor authentication
 One-Time Password
 Network Accounts
 Biometric Security Techniques
o Fingerprint Scanning
o Hand Geometry
o Facial Recognition
o Voice
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19. Access Controls
 4.2 Password Management
 Good Password Policies:
o Complex Password at least 8-12 Characters, include Upper & Lowercase,
Numbers and Special Characters
o Avoids Words Found in Dictionary
o Change Passwords Regularly
o Avoid Passwords that include your Name, Birthdate and Spouse Name
o Never Use Password such as “admin”, “root” or “password”
o Avoid Writing Your Password on Sticky Notes
o Do Not Use Same Password for Different Services
o Do Not Share Your Password with Anyone
 Password Management Software:
o Dashlane
o LastPass
o KeePass
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20. Access Controls
 4.3 Review Exercise
1. Which of the following is not a type of authentication?
d. Something I believe
2. When data has been encrypted, what does the recipient need
to read the data?
b. A key.
3. Which of the following is not a biometric security method?
c. One time password
4. Go to the following web page to test how secure your
password is:
http://howsecureismypassword.net/
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21. Secure Web Use
 5.1 Browser Settings
 Setting AutoComplete Options
 Clearing Private Data from Browser:
o Temporary Internet Files
o Cookies
o A History of the Websites You’ve Visited
o Information that You have Entered into
Websites or The Address Bar
o Saved Web Passwords
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22. Secure Web Use
 5.2 Secure Browsing
 Measures to Review a Website’s Safety:
o Content Quality and Currency
o Valid URL
o Company or Owner Information
o Check for Security Certificate and Validate Domain Owner
 Pharming
o Attacker targets DNS Service and changes IP Address of a Website.
o User Types the Website Address in Web Browser.
o User’s Computer Queries DNS Server for IP Address of Website.
o Because DNS Server has been ‘poisoned’ by the Attacker,
it returns the IP Address of the Fake Website to User’s
Computer.
o User has now been tricked into Visiting the Fake Website.
 Content-Control Software
o Client-side filters, Browser-based filters, Content-limited
(or filtered) ISPs
o Search-engines filters
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23. Secure Web Use
 5.3 Review Exercise
1. How do you identify a secure web site?
https:// and Secured Lock Icon
Check for Valid URL
Check for Company or Owner Information
Check Security Certificate and Validate Domain Owner
2. Open your browser and delete all temporary internet files.
b. In Internet Explorer, Click “Tools” -> “Delete Browsing History”
3. Go to the Web of Trust website at http://www.mywot.com/ and check
the reputation of the following websites:
c. www.amazon.com
d. Goldenpalace.com
e. Whitehouse.com
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24. Communications
 6.1 E-Mails
 Encrypting and Decrypting E-Mail
 Digital Signature
 Receiving Fraudulent and Unsolicited E-mail
 Phishing Attack:
o Planning
o Setup
o Attack
o Collection
o Identify Theft and Fraud
 E-mail and Malware
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25. Communications
 6.1 E-Mails
 Encrypting and Decrypting E-Mail
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26. Communications
 6.1 E-Mails
 Adding Digital Signature in Email
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27. Communications
 6.1 E-Mails
 Receiving Fraudulent E-mail (Phishing)
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28. Communications
 6.1 E-Mails
 What is Unsolicited Email (Spam)
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29. Communications
 6.2 Social Networking
 Potential Dangers:
o Cyber Bullying
o Cyber Grooming
o Misleading or Dangerous Information
o False Identities
o Fraudulent Links or Messages
 Sharing on Social Networks
 Privacy Setting
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30. Communications
 6.3 VoIP and Instant Messaging
 Security Considerations:
o Malware
o Backdoor Access
o Access to Files
o Eavesdropping
 Strategies to Ensure Confidentiality when
using IM and VoIP:
o Encryption
o Non-disclosure of important details
o Restrict files sharing
309/26/2017

31. Communications
 6.4 Mobile
 Risks of Using Mobile Apps from Unofficial Source:
o Mobile Malware
o Apps not fully tested and quality not approved.
Slow down you Mobile Device and other apps.
Result in Device Instability.
o Apps may also gain permission to access your
personal data such as Contacts, Images and Location.
 Emergency/Precautionary Measures if
You Mobile Devices is Lost/Stolen:
o Remote Disable
o Remote Wipe
o Locate Device
 Emergency Features (Android)
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32. Communications
 6.5 Review Exercise
1. An e-mail is sent out to mass recipients asking them to verify
their bank account details. This is an example of:
b. Phishing
2. Which one of the following details is considered unsafe to
share on a social networking site?
d. Home address
3. The process of re-directing users to a different website without
their knowledge is knowing as:
c. Pharming
4. A secure website can be identified by the
web address if it begins with:
b. https
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33. Communications
 6.5 Review Exercise
5. Consider the following questions:
a. What was your favourite holiday destination?
b. What is the name of your primary school?
c. What is my favourite pet’s name?
What would the potential security threats be by answering the
questions above?
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34. Secure Data Management
 7.1 Secure and Back Up Data
 Measures to Enhance Physical Security of Devices:
o Do Not Leave Unsecured Computers or Devices Unattended
o Record Details and Location of Items and Equipment
o Use Cable Locks to Secure Computers and Devices
o Works Areas Can Be Secured Using Access Control
Measures such as Swipe Cards or Biometric Scanning
 Backup Procedure:
o Schedule
o Compression
o Location
o Regularity
 Backing Up Data
 Cloud Back Up
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35. Secure Data Management
 7.2 Secure Deletion and Destruction
 Common Methods of Permanently Destroying Data:
o Shredding
o Degaussing
o Drive/Media Destruction
 Specific Destruction Techniques:
o Physically Breaking Media Apart, by Grinding, Shredding, etc
o Incineration
o Phase Transition (Liquefaction or Vaporisation of a Solid Disk)
o Application of Corrosive Chemicals, such as Acids, to Recording Surfaces.
 Using Data Destruction Utilities
 FREE Programs That Perform Secure Over-Writes:
o DBAN http://www.dban.org
o Eraser http://eraser.heidi.ie
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36. Secure Data Management
 7.2 Secure Deletion and Destruction
 Shredding Hard Drives
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37. Secure Data Management
 7.2 Secure Deletion and Destruction
 Shredding Optical Disks
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38. Secure Data Management
 7.2 Secure Deletion and Destruction
 Degaussing Hard Drives
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39. Secure Data Management
 7.3 Review Exercise
1. Which of the following is not a feature of a backup procedure?
c. Volume
2. Which one of the following is not used as a backup method?
b. Random access memory
3. Residual traces of deleted data that still remains is known as:
b. Data remanence
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