This document discusses various laboratory tools and their uses. It describes tools such as Erlenmeyer flasks, Florence flasks, volumetric flasks, beakers, test tubes, crucibles, evaporating dishes, and more. It explains that Erlenmeyer flasks are used for heating and storing liquids quickly due to their wider bottom. Florence flasks are used for heating substances evenly due to their circular base. The document also highlights commonly confused tools and provides an example of a Filipino scientist, Fabian Dayrit, who has researched medicinal plants.

1. Laboratory Tools
UNIT ONE, LESSON 1.5
BY MARGIELENE D. JUDAN

2. LESSON OUTLINE
Introduction
Uses of Laboratory Tools
Laboratory Tools
Feature: Filipino Scientist of the Week!

3. USES OF LABORATORY TOOLS
Containers
Measure and Transfer
Support
Heating
Safety

4. Erlenmeyer
Flask
-heat and store
liquids
-bottom is wider
so it will heat up
quicker because
of the greater
surface area
exposed to heat

5. Florence
Flask
-for heating
substances that
needs to be
heated “evenly”
(notice its circular
base)

6. Volumetric
Flask
-measures an
specific volume
-used mostly in
preparing
solutions

7. Reagent
Bottle
-for storage,
mixing, and
displaying
(Chemicals that react
easily to sunlight are
placed in the dark
bottle to avoid
exposure)

8. Beaker
-holds and heats
liquids

9. Test Tube
-for holding,
mixing, and
heating “small”
amounts of liquid

10. Test Tube
Brush
-for cleaning test
tubes

11. Test Tube
Holder
-for holding test
tubes while being
heated

12. Test Tube
Rack
-to hold test
tubes upright
while observing
reactions or when
they are not used

13. Buret
-used to deliver
solution in
precisely-
measured volumes
-used mainly in the
process “titration”
-placed in a ring
stand for support

14. Pipet
-moving “small”
amounts of liquid
from one
container to
another

15. Funnel
-transfers liquids
into another
container to avoid
spillage
(not only limited
to laboratory use)

16. Stirring Rod
or Glass Rod
-for stirring
solutions to
dissolve
substances

17. Bunsen
Burner
-for heating and
exposing items to
flame
(connected to a
gas source [see
top image])

18. Crucible
-for heating small
amounts of
substances in
very high
temperatures

19. Clay Triangle
-holds crucibles
when being
heated

20. Evaporatin
g Dish
-heats and
evaporates
liquids

21. Mortar
and Pestle
-crushes or grinds
solids into
powders

22. Micro-
spatula
-or “spatula” is
used for
transferring small
amounts of
“solid” from one
container to
another

23. Tongs
-holds many
different things
(crucibles, flasks,
evaporating
dishes) when they
are hot

24. Ring
Stand
-to support items
being heated
-clamps or rings
can be used so
that other items
may also be
placed above
them

25. Cork or
Stopper
-for sealing test
tubes and flasks

26. Thermo-
meter
-measures
temperature of
solids, liquids,
and gases

27. Commonly Confused Tools

28. Commonly Confused Tools
ERLENMEYER FLASK
-bottom is wider
Why wider?
-To heat liquids “faster”
FLORENCE FLASK
-bottom is round
Why round?
-To heat liquids “evenly”

29. Commonly Confused Tools
BEAKER
-for holding, storing, and
heating “medium to large”
amounts of liquid
-mostly for stirring and
combining liquids
TEST TUBE
-for holding, storing and
heating “small amounts”
of liquid
-mostly for observing a
chemical reaction

30. Commonly Confused Tools
CRUCIBLE
-mainly for heating
substances (usually solids)
at very high temperatures
-ceramic
EVAPORATING DISH
-mainly for evaporating
-ceramic

31. Filipino Scientist of the Week!

32. Fabian M. Dayrit (born ?)

33. Fabian M. Dayrit
Rank: Professor (Full-time)
Education:
BS Chemistry, Ateneo de Manila
University (Top 10 Chemistry Licensure
Exam 1975)
M.A. and PhD. Chemistry, Princeton
University

34. Fabian M. Dayrit
Notable Scientific Accomplishment:
Has worked on medicinal plants such as
lagundi, ampalaya, malunggay, achuete,
and other plants with support from his
group NIMPROMP.
Because of this research, it is established
how effective lagundi (vitex negundo) is
for colds

35. Sources:
Science Links 7
http://www.admu.edu.ph/ls/sose/chemistry/faculty/dayrit-
fabian-m