Unit 5, Lesson 5.5- Major Ecosystems and Resources in the Philippines Lesson Outline: 1. Importance of Ecosystems 2. Major Ecosystem and Resources 3. Population Growth and Sustainable Development

1. Major Ecosystems
and Resources in
the Philippines
UNIT FIVE, LESSON 5.5
BY MARGIELENE D. JUDAN

2. LESSON OUTLINE
Importance of Ecosystems
Major Ecosystem and Resources
Population Growth and Sustainable Development

3. IMPORTANCE OF ECOSYSTEM
Provide and store clean fresh air
Maintain air quality
Regulate climate
Mitigate (lessen) floods and runoff
Prevent erosion
Maintain soil productivity

4. IMPORTANCE OF ECOSYSTEM
Store and recycle nutrients
Abate (decrease) noise
Pollinate crops
Maintain biological and genetic diversity
Provide recreational opportunities
Supply habitats
Provide medicines, food, fiber and energy

5. MAJOR ECOSYSTEMS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Tropical rainforests
Grasslands
Freshwater biomes
Coral Ecosystems

6. Tropical Rainforests
High humidity and high
temperature (25-35℃)
Large amount of rainfall (200 cm)
yearly
Thick, diverse canopies of plants
and trees
Diverse community of animals
(>3500 plants and animals)

7. Tropical Rainforests
Because a tropical rainforest is
abundant with plants, nutrients
present in the soil are quickly
absorbed.
Therefore, the soil here absorbs
little organic matter.

8. Tropical Rainforests
Most of the tropical
rainforests are found in:
Zambales
Palawan
Mountain Province
Mt. Makiling
Mt. Makiling

9. Grasslands
Abundant with grasses
Includes many species of
grasses and wildflowers
Vegetation is dense esp.
in areas near the river
Animals like rats, insects,
snakes and birds thrive

10. Grasslands
Popular Grasslands in the
Philippines:
Mt. Pulag Grassland
Cotabato City
Bukidnon
Dole Plantation Farm, Bukidnon

11. FRESHWATER BIOMES
Habitat for aquatic
organisms (fishes, lilies,
algae, cattails)
Includes:
Rivers
Lakes
Estuaries

12. Freshwater Biomes: RIVER
Long body of water that
flows toward another
river, lake, or ocean
Ex. Pasig river, Marikina
River, Cagayan River,
Pampanga River
Cagayan River

13. Freshwater Biomes: LAKE
Large body of water
surrounded by land
Ex. Taal Lake, Laguna de
Bay, Lake Caliraya,
Naujan Lake, etc.)
Taal Lake

14. Freshwater Biomes: ESTUARIES
Junction of water where
water from rivers,
streams, and lakes meet
the ocean
Rich in fishes and
shellfishes
Ex. mangrove

15. Mangrove
Tall, evergreen forests
w/ roots that twist
upward and downward
Some thrive in more
saline area while others
in freshwater areas
Manjagao Mangrove
Forest, Surigao City

16. Marginal Forests
Extreme conditions exist
(temperature, salinity,
winds, solar radiation,
aridity, flooding, etc.)
Few organisms thrive or
live here because of
these extreme conditions

17. Coral Reefs
One of the most colorful
and beautiful natural
resources in the world
Diverse in marine
animals
Ex. Tubbataha Reef
Tubbataha Reef

18. Manmade Ecosystems
Built for human’s need
and care for those
organisms that need
habitats
Examples (fishponds,
botanical gardens,
wildlife sanctuaries,
farms, etc) Baguio Botanical Garden

19. Manmade Ecosystems
Wildlife sanctuaries are
built for the endangered
species of animals like our
very own Philippine eagle,
tarsiers, and tamaraws.
Ninoy Aquino Parks and
Wildlife Center, Quezon City

20. Manmade Ecosystems
Urban ecosystems
are the cities, towns,
and urban strips
City of Makati

21. As population continues to
increase, these natural
ecosystems continue to be
destroyed by manmade
activities.
Philippines currently has a
population of 109,615,912,
the twelfth (12th) in the
world.
Slums in Manila

22. LIMITING FACTOR
for a population –
Unavailability of food,
water, space, resources

23. A population remains the same size if
1. Birth rate = death rate
2. No changes result from migration

27. In industrialized
countries, death rate
has been lowered
because of advances
in health care,
medicine,
technology, etc.

28. In the underdeveloped
countries, birth rate
remains very high.
Death rate has also been
lowered because of
improved conditions.
However, underdeveloped
countries experience
survival problems because
of lack of food, resulting in
large number of
malnutrition and hunger.

29. Family planning
plays a key role

30. Activity: Check Your Understanding, p.183
Answer #5 in 1/2 sheet of paper. Minimum of 10 sentences.
(15 pts)

31. Sources:
Science Links 7