The document discusses the different types of foundations and footings used to support buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest division that supports the structure above and anchors it, accommodating varying soil and water conditions below. Footings are made of reinforced concrete and extend laterally from columns or walls to distribute the load across the soil. The main types of footings described are strip, stepped, cantilever/strap, combined, mat/raft, isolated, and continuous footings.

1. FOUNDATION
 Lowest division of a building
 “Substructure” ( partly or wholly below the surface
of the ground )
 Function is to support and anchor the
superstructure
 Should accommodate the form and layout of the
superstructure above and respond to the varying
conditions of the soil, rock and water below.
 Footing – extension of the lower part of the column
to distribute load
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

2. FOOTING
• Extended laterally to distribute their load over
an area of soil wide enough that the allowable
bearing capacity of the soil is not exceeded.
• Material used is concrete (reinforced or not),
which should not have a compressive strength
reading lower than 2500 psi.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

3. FOOTING

4. TYPES OF FOOTING
• Strip footings – are the continuous spread
footings of foundation walls.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

5. • Stepped footings – strip footings that change
the levels in stages to accommodate a sloping
grade and maintain the required depth in all
points around a building.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

6. • Cantilever/strap
footings – consists
of a column footing
connected by a tie
beam to another
footing in order to
balance an
asymmetrically
imposed load. Strap beam
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

7. • Combined footings – reinforced concrete
footings for a perimeter foundation wall or
column extended to support an interior
column load.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

8. • Mat/raft foundation – heavily reinforced
concrete slab that serves as a single
monolithic footing for a number of columns or
an entire building.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

9. • Isolated footings – individual spread footings
supporting freestanding columns and piers.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

10. • Continuous footings – reinforced concrete
footings extended to support a row of
columns.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM

11. Spread footing
 A concrete footing
extended laterally to
distribute the
foundation load over
a wide enough area
that the allowable
bearing capacity of
the supporting soil is
not exceeded.
BASIC TYPES OF FOUNDATION
YOUNG, ADRIAN LAWRENCE D.
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 – 7-00-8-00 AM