Topic: Types of Counseling, Process of Counseling and Qualities of a good Counselor Student Name: Samiya Class: M.Ed Project Name: “Young Teachers' Professional Development (TPD)" "Project Founder: Prof. Dr. Amjad Ali Arain Faculty of Education, University of Sindh, Pakistan

2.  TYPES OF COUNSELING
 PROCESS OF COUNSELING
 QUALITIES OF A GOOD COUNSELLOR

3.  Counseling is the service offered to the individual who is undergoing a
problem and needs professional help to overcome it.
1.TYPES OF COUNSELING
“Counseling” is a very broad category that encompasses many
opportunities in any number of counseling subfields.
Here are some of the most common types of counseling:
 Mental health counseling
 Rehabilitation counseling
 Health and hygiene counseling
 Marriage counseling
 Greif counseling
 Educational counseling
 Career counseling

4. •Mental health counselors offer
guidance to individuals, couples,
families and groups that are dealing
with issues that affect their mental
health and well-being.
•Counselors treat many of the same
problems as other psychologists:
depression and anxiety, ADHD,
bipolar disorder, eating disorders,
personality disorders, and just about
any psychological issue you can think
of.

5. Rehabilitation counseling is a specific practice
of counseling within the discipline where
professionals work to help people who have
emotional and physical disabilities so that they
are able to live more independently.

6.  Children are more inclined to fall sick than adults,
the reason being that children are in close contact
with other children at daycare or school where
germs are easily transmitted. Unfortunately, most
children are not as conscious of personal hygiene
as they should be, which increases their risk of
illness.
 There's more to hygiene than just hand washing.
Schools counselors can also provide an arena
where good hygiene can be shown at its best and
habits such as hand washing can become
ingrained at a young age.

7. •Grief counseling is a form of psychotherapy that aims to help people cope
with the physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and cognitive responses to loss.
These experiences are commonly thought to be brought on by a loved person's
death, but may more broadly be understood as shaped by any significant life-
altering loss:
•home foreclosure
•divorce
•job loss
•Grief counseling becomes necessary when a person is so disabled by their
grief.

8. •The term educational counseling has been rooted deeply with the
problems and conditions of school and college going students.
•. A major area of educational counseling basically comprises of school
counseling.
• The school counselor or educator is one who works in school and
helping students in solving their problems.

9. A school counselor works in schools to provide academic, career,
college access/affordability/admission, and social-emotional
competencies to all students through a school counseling program.
They help students in processing issues such as :
 Bullying
 Disabilities
 Low self-esteem
 Poor academic performance
 Social anxiety
 Problems with authority
 Stress management
 Anger management
 Depression

10.  Primary/elementary school counseling:
 Counselors are set to meet developmental need of children.
 They use variety of media like; crayons, paints, puppets, clay, books,
toys and uses special area (music, art, physical education) to facilitate
counseling process.
 Middle school counseling:
 Counselor address about social/ emotional issues that arises among
this age group , specially peer pressure, bullying, depression &
academic challenges.
 High school counseling:
 high school counselors provide academic, career, college access, and
personal and social competencies with developmental classroom
lessons and planning to all students, and individual and group
counseling for some students and their families to meet the
developmental needs of adolescents.

11. Career Counseling is a process that will help you to know and
understand yourself and the world of work in order to make career,
educational, and life decisions.

12.  The counseling process is a planned, structured dialogue between
a counselor and a counselee.
 It is a co-operative process in which a trained professional helps
counselee to identify sources of difficulties or concerns that s/he is
experiencing.
 Together they develop ways to deal with and overcome these
problems.
 There are 5 steps in counseling process:
i. Relationship Building
ii. Problem Assessment
iii. Goal Setting
iv. Counseling Interventions
v. Evaluation , termination or Refferal

13.  It involves building a relationship and focuses on engaging
counselee to explore issues that directly affect them.
 The first interview is most important because counselee is reading
the verbal and non-verbal messages and make interferences about
the counselor and counseling process.
 Counselor should follow these steps in building relationship;
a. Introduce yourself
b. Invite counselee to sit down
c. Ensure counselee is comfortable
d. Address the counselee by name
e. Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety
f. Watch non-verbal behavior as signs
g. Allow time to respond and indicate that you’re interested

14.  This step involves the collection ad classification of information
about the counselee’s life situation and reasons for seeking
counseling.
Step 3: Goal Setting:
 Goals are the results or outcomes that counselee wants to achieve
at the end of counseling.
 It involves making a commitment to set of goals.
 Goals should be:
a) selected and defined with care
b) relate to desired end
c) defined in explicit and measureable terms
d) feasible
e) within range of counselee’s knowledge and skills

15.  There are different points of view concerning what a good
counselor should do with counselee depending on the theoretical
positions that the counselor subscribes to.
 E . g; the person-centered approach suggest that the counselor
gets involved rather than intervenes by placing emphasis on the
relationship.
 The behavioral approach attempts to initiate activities that help
counselee alter their behavior.
Step 5: Evaluation , Termination and referral
 Terminating the counseling process will have to be conducted with
sensitivity with the counselee knowing that it will have to end.
 Preparation of termination begins long before.
 Thinks this as a means of empowering counselee and review
progress.

16. A COUNSELOR:
 Professional counselors are licensed mental health therapists who
provide assessment, diagnosis and counseling to people facing a
variety of life stresses and psychological problems.
 They help people with relationship issues, family problems, job
stress, mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety,
and many other challenging problems that can impact feelings of
well-being and happiness.
 To be effective in their roles, counselors should enjoy helping
others and possess specific attributes and skills.

17. Some qualities of counselor:
 Good communication skill
 Problem solving skill
 Rapport building skill
 Acceptance
 Empathy
 Flexibility
 Patience
 Multicultural competency
 Good listener
 Compassionate
 Discreet
 Encouraging
 Self aware
 Authenticity

18.  Effective counselors should have excellent communication skills.
 Ability to convey their message effectively
 Helps in easy and quick building relationship
 Should have smiley face

19.  It's not up to a counselor to solve her clients' problems, no matter
how much she might want to help.
 But counselors must have excellent problem-solving skills to be
able to help their counselee.
 Identify and make changes to negative thought patterns and other
harmful behavior.

20.  Counselors must possess a strong set of interpersonal skills to help
establish rapport quickly with clients and develop strong
relationships.
 They must give their undivided attention to clients and be able to
cultivate trust.
 Counselors need to be able to place all of their focus on what their
clients are saying
 avoid being distracted by their own personal problems or concerns
when they are in a session.

21.  Being nonjudgmental and accepting
 Counselor must be able to "start where the client is at.“
 convey acceptance to their clients with warmth and understanding

22.  The ability to feel what another person is feeling
 Truly able to imagine what it's like to stand in someone else's shoes
 Help your clients feel understood and heard

23.  Flexibility is one of the most important attributes of a professional
counselor
 Ability to adapt and change the way you respond to meet your
clients' needs
 Don't stay rigid and stick to a predetermined treatment path when
your clients require a different approach

24.  Counselor need to have patience with your clients as they process
the discussion
 It may take them time to accept certain things and to move towards
positive changes
 Not likely to see large changes in an individual client
 You must be okay with incremental progress in their lives and
rejoice over small victories

25.  Counselors help people from all walks of life
 adopt a multicultural worldview
 Able to relate to and understand your clients regardless of their
race, ethnicity, religious or political beliefs or socioeconomic
background

26.  Counselors spend a significant amount of time listening to their
counselee
 Do more listening than talking
 Must be content to give the client time to express their story and
their feelings
 To be intuitive in discerning what the client is really saying and
“read between the lines”

27.  It is very important that your clients feel your compassion for their
problems and that they sense you truly care about them
 You may not be able to relate to every issue that is shared with you
 you need to be able to have compassion for how it feels to be in
their eyes

28.  Confidentiality is of upmost importance when you are a counselor
 must be able to maintain confidentiality so the client can trust you
with their most intimate concerns

29.  The ability to encourage is important for a counselor
 Many clients are struggling to find hope in their situation
 The primary jobs of a counselor often involves instilling hope in a
hopeless individual

30.  A counselor who is aware of their own fears, insecurities, and
weaknesses will be effective in the therapeutic relationship
 Do not react defensively to what a client shares
 You must be able to keep your own feelings out of the session
 It is more intuitive with regards to solving their own problems and
can use that knowledge to help clients through similar situations

31.  Authenticity is vital when working with counselee
 Counselee will know if you are being fake or not showing genuine
concern
 They will not open up to you or trust your advice unless they feel
you are genuine
 This is even more critically important when working with teens