The following presentation consists of information about the application of matrices. The ppt particularly focuses on the its use in cryptography i.e. encoding and decoding of messages.
The following presentation consists of information about the application of matrices. The ppt particularly focuses on the its use in cryptography i.e. encoding and decoding of messages.
A discussion about the GCD of n numbers. Algorithms discussed with examples are Djikstra's Algo, Euclidean Algo, Binary GCD Algo, Lehmar's GCD Algo and Daykin's GCD Algo.
Gauss jordan and Guass elimination methodMeet Nayak
This ppt is based on engineering maths.
the topis is Gauss jordan and gauss elimination method.
This ppt having one example of both method and having algorithm.
This the presentation prepared by SIDI DILER the student of CIVIL ENGINEERING at Government Engineering College BHUJ under the fulfillment of the Progressive Assessment component of the Course of Vector Calculus and Linear Algebra with code 2110015.
A discussion about the GCD of n numbers. Algorithms discussed with examples are Djikstra's Algo, Euclidean Algo, Binary GCD Algo, Lehmar's GCD Algo and Daykin's GCD Algo.
Gauss jordan and Guass elimination methodMeet Nayak
This ppt is based on engineering maths.
the topis is Gauss jordan and gauss elimination method.
This ppt having one example of both method and having algorithm.
This the presentation prepared by SIDI DILER the student of CIVIL ENGINEERING at Government Engineering College BHUJ under the fulfillment of the Progressive Assessment component of the Course of Vector Calculus and Linear Algebra with code 2110015.
This presentation will be very helpful to learn about system of linear equations, and solving the system.It includes common terms related with the lesson and using of Cramer's rule.
Please download the PPT first and then navigate through slide with mouse clicks.
This presentation explains the stability of fixed points in non-linear dynamics like the sinks, sources and saddle points. It also contains linear maps and jacobian matrix.
Basic of semiconductors and optical propertiesKamran Ansari
This presentation explains the band structure, intrinsic semiconductor, extrinsic semiconductor, electrical conductivity, mobility, hall effect, p-n junction diode, tunnel diode and optical properties of the semiconductor.
The Ozone Layer: Formation and DepletionKamran Ansari
This presentation explains the Earth's atmosphere and its composition and variation of temperature and pressure in different layers of the atmosphere. It contains atmospheric circulation in troposphere and stratosphere. It explains the process of ozone formation and how its stability affects by the other chemical components which lead to the ozone depletion and ozone hole. It also contains the cosmic ray theory of ozone hole.
Maxwell's equation and it's correction in Ampere's circuital lawKamran Ansari
In this presentation, you will get the detailed information about the problem with Ampere's circuital law and how Maxwell corrected Ampere's circuital law in the case of changing electric field or electric flux and also about Maxwell's equation of electrodynamics.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptxSSR02
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
3. Introduction
• Triangularization Method is also known as decomposition method or
the factorization method.
• It is a type of direct method of solving linear simultaneous equations.
• It is also useful for determining the inverse of matrix.
4. Formula and method
Consider the linear equations,
𝑎11 𝑥 + 𝑎12 𝑦 + 𝑎13 𝑧 = 𝑏1
𝑎21 𝑥 + 𝑎22 𝑦 + 𝑎23 𝑧 = 𝑏2
𝑎31 𝑥 + 𝑎32 𝑦 + 𝑎33 𝑧 = 𝑏3
can be written as AX = B ……(1)
𝐴 =
𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13
𝑎21 𝑎22 𝑎23
𝑎31 𝑎32 𝑎33
𝑋 =
𝑥
𝑦
𝑧
and B =
𝑏1
𝑏2
𝑏3
5. The concept behind this method is that any matrix A can be expressed
as the product of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular
matrix U provided all the principal minors of A is non singular.
A = L U
To produce a unique solution, it is convenient to choose either,
1. 𝑙𝑖𝑖 = 1, the method is called the Doolittle’s method, or
2. 𝑢𝑖𝑖 = 1, the method is called the Crout’s method.
6. By using Doolittle’s method, A = L U ……(2)
where 𝐿 =
1 0 0
𝑙21 1 0
𝑙31 𝑙32 1
and 𝑈 =
𝑢11 𝑢12 𝑢13
0 𝑢22 𝑢23
0 0 𝑢33
We can calculate the elements of matrices L and U to use the equality of
matrices.
By equation (1) becomes, L U X = B
write as the following two systems of equations,
U X = V ……(3)
L V = B ……(4)
using equation (4), by substitution we can calculate the matrix V,
and at last by back substitution, matrix X can be obtained.
7. Once we know the matrices L and U than the inverse of matrix A can be
determined from,
A = L U
𝐴−1
= 𝑈−1
𝐿−1
8. Limitations of Triangularizatoin Method
• This method fails if any of the diagonal elements of matrices
L and U (e.g. 𝑙𝑖𝑖 or 𝑢𝑖𝑖) is zero.
• All the principal minors of A is non singular.
9. Advantages of Triangularization Method
• This method is superior to Gauss elimination method and used for the
solution of linear systems and finding the inverse of the matrix.
• The number of operations involved in terms of multiplication for a
system of linear equations by triangularization method is less than
Gauss method.
• Among the direct methods, factorization method is also preferred as
the software for computers.