Transformers are static devices that change alternating current (AC) voltages from one level to another through magnetic induction. They consist of two coils wrapped around an iron core, and work by electromagnetic induction. Transformers can step voltages up or down, depending on the number of turns in the primary and secondary coils. Common applications of transformers include power transmission, electronics coupling, and providing different voltages for loads.

1. Presented By:-Borse Rishikesh

2. CONTENTS
•Introduction
•Structure Of Transformer
•Working
•Types
•Classification
•Applications
• Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
• It is a device that changes AC electrical power at one voltage level into
AC electrical power at another voltage level through the action of
magnetic field, without a change in frequency.
• It can be either to step-up or step down.
• There are two or more stationary electric circuits that are coupled
magnetically.
• Transformers provide much needed capability of changing the voltage
and current levels easily.It is a static machines.
• They are used to step-up generator voltage to an appropriate voltage
level for power transfer.

4. STRUCTURE OF TRANSFORMER
• Two types of iron-core construction:
a)Core - type construction
b)Shell - type construction

5. • SHELL - TYPE CONSTRUCTION:-
• CORE - TYPE CONSTRUCTION:-

6. HOW TRANSFORMER WORKS
Laminated soft iron
core
Primary coil Secondary coil
Input voltage
(a.c.)
Output voltage
(a.c.)

7. 1.Primary coil – The incoming voltage Vp (voltage across primary coil)
is connected across this coil.
2.Secondary coil – This provides the output voltage Vs (voltage across
the secondary coil) to the external circuit.
3.Laminated iron core – This links the two coils magnetically.
 A transformer as a static device which helps in the transformation of
electric power one circuit to electric power of the same frequency in
another circuit.
 The voltage can be raised or lowered in a circuit,but with a proportional
increase or decrease in the current ratings.
 The main principle of operation of a transformer is mutual inductance
between two circuits which is linked by a common magnetic flux.
 A basic transformer consists of two coils that are electrically separate and
inductive, but are magnetically linked through a path of relcutance.

8. TWO TYPES OF TRANSFORMER
• Step-up transformer:-
1. It increases the voltage - there are more turns on the
secondary than on the primary.

9. • Step-down transformer-
1.It decreases the voltage - there are fewer turns on the secondary
than on the primary.
2. To step up the voltage by a factor of 10, there must be 10 times as
many turns on the secondary coil as on the primary. The turns ratio tells
us the factor by which the voltage will be changed.

10. • In terms of number of windings:-
1.Conventional transformer: two windings
2.Autotransformer: one winding
3.Others: more than two windings
• In terms of number of phases:-
1.Single-phase transformer
2.Three-phase transformer
• Depending on the voltage level at which the winding
is operated:-
1.Step-up transformer: primary winding is a low voltage (LV)
winding
2.Step-down transformer : primary winding is a high voltage (HV)
winding
Transformer Classification

11. • In power transmission and electronics.
• To minimise energy losses due to voltage drop in transmitting electricity
over long distance.
• They couple signals between electronic stages.
• They much loads with internal resistance so that there is maximum
power transfer.
• It can isolate two circuits electrically.
• It can increase or decrease the value of capacitor, an inductor or
resistance in AC circuit, Also the CT. & PT uesd power system and in
industry.
• It can be used to prevent DC from passing from one circuit to the
another.
APPLICATIONS

12. • AIR DRY VARNISHING:-
1.PREHEAT:-Heat all the transformer at 120 degree Celsius
for 2 h0urs in the oven to remove moisture in the transformer.
2.ACTUAL VARNISH:- Dip the Transformers in air-dry
varnish keep, then dipped for 30 min-1hr.Remove the transformers
and allow them to drip for 1 Hour.
3.TESTING:- After the completion of transformer, they takes
test on transformer with the help of testing machine for example:-
Current, Voltage and Frequency.

13. Soldering Iron/Solderbit:-
- Hand Soldering Process:-
1.Heating
2.Wetting the bit to improve heat transfer
3.Waiting until parts are sufficiently heated
4.Application of the solder wire: Fluxes parts to joined
5.Removing the wire
6.Removing the bit

14. CONCLUSION
 The method could possibly used for the transfer of
electricity across the country via the power lines. the circuit
was not supplying the most efficient or maximum efficiency,
due to the core losses not equaling the copper losses.
 So if you increases the voltage out, then the current out
must decreases. If you step up the voltage , so that voltage
output is double the voltage input.