Transactional leadership is a style of leadership where the leader promotes compliance through rewards and punishments. It was first described by Max Weber in 1947 and further developed by Bernard Bass in 1981. Under transactional leadership, employees are motivated by rewards and punishments from their leaders in exchange for meeting set goals. While it can be effective for motivating workers and achieving short-term goals, it is limited in fostering creativity and initiative. Transactional leadership works best for structured tasks but does not develop the full leadership potential of subordinates.