FMEA is a technique used to analyze potential failure modes within a system or design. It involves analyzing the potential failure of components, determining the effects of failures, and identifying actions to address potential causes and reduce risk. The document discusses FMEA methodology including failure mode analysis, failure effect analysis, and failure criticality analysis. It also discusses FMEA documentation and different types of FMEAs. Quality Functional Deployment (QFD) translates customer needs and expectations into engineering specifications. It uses a tool called the House of Quality to document customer requirements and map them to technical design requirements.

1. By Prof. Raghavendran V
QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT &
FMEA

2. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS(FMEA)
FMEA is also known as Failure mode, effect & critical
analysis(FMECA).
Failure mode & Effect analysis is a group of activities
intended to “recognize & evaluate the potential
failure of a product or process and its effect before
the product/ service being produced & used,
identify actions that could eliminate or reduce the
chances of potential failures and lastly documenting
the process.
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3. By Prof. Raghavendran V
 FMEA is an analytical technique that
combines the technology & Experience of the
people in identifying foreseeable failures
modes of a product or process and planning
for its elimination. It is “Before-an-Event”
action requiring a team effort to easily and
Inexpensive effect changes in design and
production.
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4. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FMEA is categorized in broadly 3 systems and
they are:
1. Failure mode analysis
2. Failure effect analysis
3. Failure criticality analysis
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5. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FAILURE MODE ANALYSIS
It is analyzing the operations of the
product or process to foresee, what are
the most likely modes where the failure
would occur. This would include the
components involved, describing the
components involved, the time,
locations and many more.
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6. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FAILURE EFFECT ANALYSIS
It is study of the potential failure to
ascertain the likely impact on the
performance of the whole product, the
process or service and related
elements.
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7. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FAILURE CRITICALITY ANALYSIS
It is study of the criticality or intensity of
potential failures of the product, process
or service. The criticality may range
from customer irritation to catastrophic
occurrence.
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8. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FMEA DOCUMENTATION
 Block Diagram is very much needed to
understand physical attributes of the product.
 The Documentation of FMEA consists:
 FMEA number
 Item
 Design responsibility
 Prepared by
 Model number/year
 Key date
 FMEA Date
 Core Team
 Function
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9. By Prof. Raghavendran V
TYPES OF FMEA’S
They are:
 Design FMEA,
 Process FMEA,
 Concept FMEA,
 Maintenance FMEA,
 System FMEA,
 Environmental FMEA,
 Service FMEA.
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10. By Prof. Raghavendran V
DESIGN FMEA FORM TEMPLATE
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11. By Prof. Raghavendran V
FMEA Analysis FMEA
Number……………..
Page………….. Of
………….
Item……………………………………….Design
Responsibility…………………………….Prepared by……………………
It Pote Poten S C Potenti O Curr D R Reco Respo Action
Model Number/year…………………………..Key date……………………….FMEA Date
e ntial tial la al
(Orig)…………(Rev)………. ent P mme nsibili Results
m Failu Effect
Core s causes Desi N nded ty &
/ re team:…………………………………………………………………………………………………
s of s mecha gn Actio Target
…………………………………
A S O DR
F Mod failur nism Con ns compl
ct E C E P
u e e of trols etion
io V C T N
n failure dates
n
c
T
ti
a
o
k
n
e
n
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12. By Prof. Raghavendran V
BENEFITS OF FMEA
 Systematic review of component failures.
 Determining the effects that any failure will have
on other items in the product or process and
their functions.
 Determining those parts of the product or
process whose failure will have critical effect or
impact on product or process.
 Helping uncover oversights, misjudgments and
errors that may have been made.
 Helping reduce development time and cost of
manufacturing process.
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13. By Prof. Raghavendran V
QUALITY FUNCTIONAL DEPLOYMENT
It is invented by Dr. Mizuno, professor of Tokyo
institute of technology. It is planning tool
which can be applied to any organization to
fulfill customer expectations.
It focuses on customers expectations or need,
often referred to as customer’s voice. It is
team based tool in which customer needs
are the driving force for the product
development process. Conflicting needs are
identified early in QFD Process and can be
resolved before production. 13

14. QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT
A systematic method for transferring
customer wants/needs/expectations
into product and process
characteristics

15. QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT
 Quality Function Deployment
 Voice of the customer
 House of Quality
QFD: An approach that integrates the “voice of the
customer” into the product and service
development process.

16. By Prof. Raghavendran V
QUALITY FUNCTIONAL DEPLOYMENT
QFD employed to translate customers
expectations, in terms of specific
requirements, into directions & actions, in
terms of engineering or technical
characteristics, that can be employed
through:
 Product Planning
 Part Development
 Process Planning
 Production Planning
 Services
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17. By Prof. Raghavendran V
QFD TEAM
 There are two types of teams
1. One is existing team with fewer members
2. Other team composed of marketing, design,
quality, finance and product.
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18. By Prof. Raghavendran V
BENEFITS OF QFD
 Improves customer satisfaction
 Focus on requirement
 competitive information
 prioritizes resources
 Identifies items that can be acted upon
 Reduces implementation time
 Decrease midstream design changes
 Limits production problems
 Avoid future redundancies
 Identifies future application opportunities
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19. By Prof. Raghavendran V
BENEFITS OF QFD
 Promotes team work
 Based on consensus
 Creates communication at surfaces
 Identifies actions at interfaces
 Create global views of details
 Provides documentation
 Documents rationale for design
 Is easy to assimilate
 Adapts to changes
 Provides framework to sensitivity analysis
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20. By Prof. Raghavendran V
HOUSE OF QUALITY
The primary planning tool used in QFD is the
House Of Quality.
HoQ translates voice of customers into design
requirements that meet specific targets.
Managers and Engineers consider the house
of quality to be primary chart in quality
planning
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21. By Prof. Raghavendran V
HOUSE OF QUALITY’S PART DESCRIPTION:
1) The exterior walls of the house are the
customer requirements. On the left side is a
listing of the voice of customer. On right side
are prioritized customer requirements.
2) The ceiling shows technical descriptors,
consistency of the product is provided by
engineering characteristics, design
constraints and parameters.
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22. By Prof. Raghavendran V
HOUSE OF QUALITY’S PART DESCRIPTION:
3) The interior walls are relationship between
customer requirements and technical
descriptors. Customers expectations
(requirements) are translated into
engineering characteristics (technical
descriptors).
4) The roof is the interrelationship between the
technical descriptors.
5) The foundation or base is known as
prioritized technical descriptors. 22

23. HOUSE OF QUALITY
Relationship B/W
technical descriptors
Technical
customer Descriptors
needs
Prioritized
Customer
Needs
relationships
between
customer
needs and
engineering Prioritized Technical
metrics descriptors

24. By Prof. Raghavendran V
ASSIGNMENT TIME: TO BE SUBMITTED BEFORE
20TH OCT’ 2011.
1. Explain in detail of QFD.
2. Explain and construct House of quality.
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25. By. Prof. Raghavendran V
END OF MODULE 6