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Assignment
DRIVE FALL 2015
PROGRAM MBA (SEM 3)
SEMESTER 3
SUBJECT CODE & NAME QM0022: TQM TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
BK ID B1929
CREDIT & MARKS 4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS
Note:Answer all questions.Each questionisfollowedby evaluationscheme.
Q1. List the sevenbasic qualitycontrol tools. Describe any three of them.
Answer: The Seven Basic Tools of Quality is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques
identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality. They are called basic
because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used
to solve the vastmajorityof quality-relatedissues.
The seventoolsare:
 Cause-and-effectdiagram(alsoknownasthe "fishbone"orIshikawadiagram)

2.  Checksheet
Q2.Define Benchmarking.Explain the types of benchmarking.
Answer: “Benchmarking is a strategy tool used to compare the performance of the business processes
and products with the bestperformancesof other companiesinside and outside the industry.”
Strategic Benchmarking
This involves examining long-term strategies, for example regarding core competencies, new product
and service developmentorimprovingcapabilitiesfordealingwithchange.
Thistype of benchmarkingisusedbysuccessful high
Q3. Explainthe following:
(a) ContinuousImprovementProcess
Answer : Continuous improvement, sometimes called continual improvement, is the ongoing
improvementof products,servicesorprocessesthroughincremental andbreakthroughimprovements.
In his book "Outof the Crisis," Dr. Deming shared his philosophyofcontinuous improvement:
1. Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service, with the aim to
become competitive andtostayin businessandtoprovide jobs.
2. Adoptthe newphilosophy.
3. Eliminate the needforinspectiononamass
(b) Poka Yoke
Answer : “ Poka- yoke”: is a Japanese term that means "mistake-proofing". A poka-yoke is any
mechanism in a lean manufacturing process that helps an equipment operator avoid (yokeru) mistakes
(poka). Its purpose is to eliminate product defects by preventing, correcting, or drawing attention to
human errors as they occur.[1] The concept was formalised, and the term adopted, by Shigeo Shingo as
part of the ToyotaProductionSystem.Itwas

3. Q.4. Define ‘Six Sigma Methodology’. What are the key roles in Six Sigma methodology? Explain
DMAIC methodologyofSix Sigma.
Answer: Six Sigma at many organizations simply means a measure of quality that strives for near
perfection. Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects
(driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any
process– from manufacturingtotransactional andfromproductto service.
Q5. What is‘FMEA’? Explainthe conceptof ‘Risk Priority Number’.
Answer: Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic, proactive method of evaluating a
process. An FMEA identifies the opportunities for failure, or "failure modes," in each step of the process.
Each failure mode gets a numeric score that quantifies (a) likelihood that the failure will occur, (b)
likelihood that the failure will not be detected, and (c) the amount of harm or damage the failure mode
may cause to a person or to equipment. The product of these three scores is the Risk Priority Number
(RPN) forthat failure mode.The sumof the RPNsforthe failure
Q6. Write short noteson the following:
(a) Designof Experiments
Answer: Design of experiments (DOE) is a systematic method to determine the relationship between
factors affecting a process and the output of that process. In other words, it is used to find cause-and-
effect relationships. This information is needed to manage process inputs in order to optimize the
output.
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4. or
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