Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL) implemented various Total Quality Management techniques like JIT, Six Sigma, ISO 9001 certification, and corporate social responsibility policies to improve quality and efficiency. Some key points: - JIT and Six Sigma helped reduce defects and costs by minimizing inventory and identifying process inefficiencies. - ISO 9001 certification established a quality assurance system. - CSR policies aimed to integrate business values with sustainable development and stakeholder interests. - Implementation of TQM led to achievements like increased special steel production, recognition on Forbes lists, and national awards for HR practices and combating climate change.