The document discusses three learning hypotheses: brain lateralization, which suggests different learning functions in the left and right brain hemispheres; bio-programmed first and second language learning in three stages; and reducing stress to improve learning. It also examines the Total Physical Response method of language teaching, which emphasizes using the body and physical movement to learn through imperatives, sentences, realia and activities like role play, songs and games.

1. Three influential learning hypotheses
The bio- Brain Reduction of
program lateralization stress
First and second Different learning The lower stress, the
language learning are functions according greater learning.
parellel process, to the left-and right-
developed in three brain hemispheres
stages:
• Listening
competence
•Listening
comprehension
•Natural speech

2. Advantages Disadvantages
• There is no pressure to speak. • It does not emphasise the
• It reduces learning stress. visual learning style.
• It takes into account • It is difficult to apply in large
emotions and enviroment. classrooms
• It emphasises two learning • Activities by rote repetition.
styles: the auditory and the
kinaesthetic.
• It respects the natural order
to acquire language: learning
before speaking.

3. Important points of the method
• Use of the body in order to learn.
• Use of imperatives in connection with physical
movement.
• The method is based on oral performance.
• Unlike other approaches, TPR requires initial
attention to meaning rather than to the forms of
items.
• Use of a sentence-based syllabus.
• Materials and realia play an increasing role.

4. Teacher´s role Learner´s role
• The teacher plays an • Listener and
active and direct performer.
role. • They monitor and
• He/She controls the evaluate their own
language input. progress.
• In giving feedback,
the teacher follows
the example of
parents.

5. Activities
• Role play
• Simon says
• Use of songs
• Mime games
• Drawing