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Task-Based Language Teaching
• It refers to an approach based on the use of tasks as the
core unit of planning and instruction in language teaching.
• It is presented as a logical development of Communicative
Language Teaching.
TBLT draws on several principles thar formed part of the
communicative language teaching movement from the
1980s.:
• Activities that involve real communication are essential for
language learning;
• Activities in which language is used for carrying out
meaningful tasks promote learning;
• Language that is meaningful to the learner supports the
learning precess.
The key assumptions of task-based instruction are:
• Focus on process;
• Emphasis in communication and
meaning;
• Language learned by interacting
communicativele and purposefully;
• Activities and tasks can be achieved in real life and have a
pedagogical purpose;
• Activities and tasks of a task-based syllabus are sequenced
according to difficulty.
TBLT proposes the notion of ‘task’ as a central unit of
planning and teaching, it means ‘task’ is an activity or goal
that is carried out using language.

Nunan says the communicative task is a piece of classroom
work which involves learners in
Comprehending;
Manipulating;
Producing;
Interacting
Task Analysis and Instructional Desing turned to team tasks.
There are four categories of team performance function:
1. Orientation Functions;
2. Organizational Functions;
3. Adaptation Functions;
4. Motivational Functions.
TBL Approaches
Theory of
Language

Theory of
learning
• Tasks provide both the input and
the output.
• Task activity and achievement are
motivational.
• Learning difficulty can be
negotiated and finetuned for
particular pedagogical purposes.
DESIGN
Objectives:
Goals are to be determined by the
specific need of particular learners
The Syllabus
Conventional Syllabus

Task based Syllabus

• It specifies the content of a
course among some
categories.

• It specifies the tasks that
should be carried out by
learners within a program.
Different definitions of TASK
• Breen (1987): a structured plan.
• Prabhu (1987): an activity.
• Crookes (1986): piece of work or activity.
• Willis (1996)
Different definitions of TASK
• Pica, Kanagy and Falodun (1993):
Jigsaw tasks
Information-gap tasks
Problem-solving tasks
Decision-making tasks
Opinion exchange tasks
Other characteristics of tasks
• One-way or two-way

• Concrete or abstract
language

• Convergent or divergent
• Collaborative or
competitive

• Simple or complex
processing
• Simple or complex language

• Single or multiple
outcomes

• Reality-based or not realitybased
LEARNER ROLES
Group participant
Monitor

Risk-taker and Innovator
TEACHER ROLES
Selector and sequencer of tasks
Preparing learners for tasks
Consciousness-Raising
Procedure
.Pretask
.Task
.Planning
.Report
.Posttask
.Pretask
Is the introduction to the topic and the task. The
teacher helps the students to understand the theme
and objectives of the task.

.ACTIVITIES
Brainstorming ideas, mime, personal experience,
read the text, think vocabulary, etc.
.Task
Is done by the students. The teacher walks
monitoring and encouraging them.

.Planning
In this stage the students prepares the next step
(Report). They make a draft of what they want to say
or write.
.Report
The teacher ask the students to report to the whole class
what they did in the task.

.Posttask listening
The students listen to a recording of fluent speakers
doing the same task, and compare the ways in which
they did the task themselves.

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Task-based Language Teaching

  • 1. Task-Based Language Teaching • It refers to an approach based on the use of tasks as the core unit of planning and instruction in language teaching. • It is presented as a logical development of Communicative Language Teaching.
  • 2. TBLT draws on several principles thar formed part of the communicative language teaching movement from the 1980s.: • Activities that involve real communication are essential for language learning; • Activities in which language is used for carrying out meaningful tasks promote learning; • Language that is meaningful to the learner supports the learning precess.
  • 3. The key assumptions of task-based instruction are: • Focus on process; • Emphasis in communication and meaning; • Language learned by interacting communicativele and purposefully; • Activities and tasks can be achieved in real life and have a pedagogical purpose; • Activities and tasks of a task-based syllabus are sequenced according to difficulty.
  • 4. TBLT proposes the notion of ‘task’ as a central unit of planning and teaching, it means ‘task’ is an activity or goal that is carried out using language. Nunan says the communicative task is a piece of classroom work which involves learners in Comprehending; Manipulating; Producing; Interacting
  • 5. Task Analysis and Instructional Desing turned to team tasks. There are four categories of team performance function: 1. Orientation Functions; 2. Organizational Functions; 3. Adaptation Functions; 4. Motivational Functions.
  • 7. • Tasks provide both the input and the output. • Task activity and achievement are motivational. • Learning difficulty can be negotiated and finetuned for particular pedagogical purposes.
  • 8. DESIGN Objectives: Goals are to be determined by the specific need of particular learners
  • 9. The Syllabus Conventional Syllabus Task based Syllabus • It specifies the content of a course among some categories. • It specifies the tasks that should be carried out by learners within a program.
  • 10. Different definitions of TASK • Breen (1987): a structured plan. • Prabhu (1987): an activity. • Crookes (1986): piece of work or activity. • Willis (1996)
  • 11. Different definitions of TASK • Pica, Kanagy and Falodun (1993): Jigsaw tasks Information-gap tasks Problem-solving tasks Decision-making tasks Opinion exchange tasks
  • 12. Other characteristics of tasks • One-way or two-way • Concrete or abstract language • Convergent or divergent • Collaborative or competitive • Simple or complex processing • Simple or complex language • Single or multiple outcomes • Reality-based or not realitybased
  • 14. TEACHER ROLES Selector and sequencer of tasks Preparing learners for tasks Consciousness-Raising
  • 17. .Pretask Is the introduction to the topic and the task. The teacher helps the students to understand the theme and objectives of the task. .ACTIVITIES Brainstorming ideas, mime, personal experience, read the text, think vocabulary, etc.
  • 18. .Task Is done by the students. The teacher walks monitoring and encouraging them. .Planning In this stage the students prepares the next step (Report). They make a draft of what they want to say or write.
  • 19. .Report The teacher ask the students to report to the whole class what they did in the task. .Posttask listening The students listen to a recording of fluent speakers doing the same task, and compare the ways in which they did the task themselves.