Tms320 f2812

Chapter 0 : Introduction

Digital Signal Controller
TMS320F2812

Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt

What is a Digital Signal Controller ?
Microprocessor (µP):
– Central Device of a multi chip Micro Computer System
– Two basic architectures:
• „Von Neumann“- Architecture
• „Harvard“ – Architecture
– „Von Neumann“ - Architecture:
• Shared memory space between code and data
• Shared memory busses between code and data
• Example: Intel‘s x86 Pentium Processor family
– „Harvard“ – Architecture:
• Two independent memory spaces for code and data
• Two memory bus systems for code and data
– A µP to operate needs additional devices


History (1984): Microprocessor
Intel 80x86
address
Bus-Unit
Address-Unit status /
- bus control
- Memory Manager control
- address & databus-
- logical / physical
Interface
address
-Instruction queue
data

Instruction - Unit
Execution-Unit
- Instruction - Decode
- CPU
- Operation queue
- ALU
- Register


Micro Computer
Micro Computer
– Micro Computer = Microprocessor(µP) + Memory +
Peripherals
– Example: your Desktop –PC

Code - Memory Data - Memory

Clock MICROPROCESSOR Timer/Counter

Digital I/O Analog I/O

Computer Peripherals
• Peripherals include:
– Digital Input / Output Lines
– Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC)
– Digital to Analogue Converter (DAC)
– Timer / Counter units
– PWM Output Lines
– Digital Capture Input Lines
– Network Interface Units:
• Serial Communication Interface (SCI) - UART
• Serial Peripheral Interface ( SPI)
• Inter Integrated Circuit ( I2C) – Bus
• Controller Area Network (CAN)


Continue...,
Network interface unit
- Local Interconnect Network (LIN)
- Universal Serial Bus (USB)
- Local / Wide Area Networks (LAN, WAN)
Graphical Output Devices
and more …


System on Chip
Microcontroller (µC)
– Nothing more than a Micro Computer as a single silicon chip!
– All computing power AND input/output channels that are required
to design a real time control system are „on chip“
– Guarantee cost efficient and powerful solutions for embedded
control applications
– Backbone for almost every type of modern product
– Over 200 independent families of µC
– Both µP – Architectures („Von Neumann“ and „Harvard“) are used
inside Microcontrollers


Digital Signal Processor
Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
– Similar to a Microprocessor(µP), e.g. core of a computing system
– Additional Hardware Units to speed up computing of sophisticated
mathematical operations:
• Additional Hardware Multiply Unit(s)
• Additional Pointer Arithmetic Unit(s)
• Additional Bus Systems for parallel access
• Additional Hardware Shifter for scaling and/or multiply/divide
by 2n


What are the typical DSP algorithms?
• The Sum of Products (SOP) is the key element in most DSP
algorithms:

Algorithm Equation
Finite Impulse Response Filter M

∑
y ( n)= ak x ( n −k )
k=0

Infinite Impulse Response Filter M N
y (n) =∑a k x (n − k )+∑bk y (n − k )
k =0 k =1

Convolution N

∑
y ( n) = x ( k ) h( n −k )
k=0

Discrete Fourier Transform N −1
X ( k ) = ∑ x ( n) exp[− j ( 2π / N ) nk ]
n =0


Doing a SOP with a µP
Task : use a Desktop - PC and code the equation into a common C-
compiler system, e.g. Microsoft Visual Studio.Net3
y = ∑data[i ] * coeff [i ]
A C-Code Solution could look like this: i =0

#include <stdio.h>
int data[4]={1,2,3,4};
int coeff[4]={8,6,4,2};
int main(void)
{
int i;
int result =0;
for (i=0;i<4;i++)
result += data[i]*coeff[i];
printf("%i",result);
return 0;
}


Basic Operations of a SOP
• What will a Pentium be forced to do?
1. Set a Pointer1 to point to data[0]
2. Set a second Pointer2 to point to coeff[0]
3. Read data[i] into core
4. Read coeff[i] into core
5. Multiply data[i]*coeff[i]
6. Add the latest product to the previous ones
7. Modify Pointer1
8. Modify Pointer2
9. Increment I;
10.If i<3 , then go back to step 3 and continue
• Steps 3 to 8 are called “6 Basic Operations of a DSP”
• A DSP is able to execute all 6 steps in one single machine cycle!


SOP machine code of a µP
Address M-Code Assembly - Instruction
10: for (i=0;i<4;i++)
00411960 C7 45 FC 00 00 00 00 mov dword ptr [i],0
00411967 EB 09 jmp main+22h (411972h)
00411969 8B 45 FC mov eax,dword ptr [i]
0041196C 83 C0 01 add eax,1
0041196F 89 45 FC mov dword ptr [i],eax
00411972 83 7D FC 04 cmp dword ptr [i],4
00411976 7D 1F jge main+47h (411997h)
11: result += data[i]*coeff[i];
00411978 8B 45 FC mov eax,dword ptr [i]
0041197B 8B 4D FC mov ecx,dword ptr [i]
0041197E 8B 14 85 40 5B 42 00 mov edx,dword ptr[eax*4+425B40h]
00411985 0F AF 14 8D 50 5B 42 00 imul edx,dword ptr[ecx*4+425B50h]
0041198D 8B 45 F8 mov eax,dword ptr [result]
00411990 03 C2 add eax,edx
00411992 89 45 F8 mov dword ptr [result],eax
00411995 EB D2 jmp main+19h (411969h)


Doing a SOP with a DSP
• Now: use a DSP-Development System and code the equation into a
DSP C-compiler system, e.g. Texas Instruments Code Composer
Studio 3
y = ∑data[i ] * coeff [i ]
• C-Code Solution is identical: i =0

int data[4]={1,2,3,4};
int coeff[4]={8,6,4,2};
int main(void)
{
int i;
int result =0;
for (i=0;i<4;i++)
result += data[i]*coeff[i];
printf("%i",result);
return 0;
}


DSP-Translation into machine code
Address MCode Assembly Instruction
0x8000 FF69 SPM 0
0x8001 8D04 0000R MOVL XAR1,#data
0x8003 76C0 0000R MOVL XAR7,#coeff
0x8005 5633 ZAPA
0x8006 F601 RPT #1
0x8007 564B 8781 || DMAC ACC:P,*XAR1+
+,*XAR7++
0x8009 10AC ADDL ACC,P<<PM
0x800A 8D04 0000R MOVL XAR1,#y
0x800B 1E81 MOVL *XAR1,ACC
Example: Texas Instruments TMS320F2812
Space : 12 Code Memory ; 9 Data Memory
Execution Cycles : 10 @ 150MHz = 66 ns


Digital Signal Controller (DSC)
Digital Signal Controller (DSC)

– recall: a Microcontroller(µC) is a single chip Microcomputer with a
Microprocessor(µP) as core unit.

– Now: a Digital Signal Controller(DSC) is a single chip Microcomputer with a
Digital Signal Processor(DSP) as core unit.

– By combining the computing power of a DSP with memory and peripherals
in one single device we derive the most effective solution for embedded
real time control solutions that require lots of math operations.

– DSC –Example: Texas Instruments C2000 family.


Texas Instruments DSP/DSC -
TMS320 – Family
Branches Portfolio

C6000
C5000
High Performance
‘C’ Efficiency
C2000 Power Efficient DSP
Performance
DSP
Efficient Integration
for Control
DSC

Texas Instruments’ TMS320 family
• Different families and sub-families exist to support different
markets.

C2000 C5000 C6000

Lowest Cost Efficiency Performance &
Control Systems Best MIPS per Best Ease-of-Use
 Motor Control Watt / Dollar / Size
 Storage  Wireless phones
 Multi Channel and Multi
 Digital Ctrl Systems  Internet audio players
Function App's
 Digital still cameras
 Comm Infrastructure
 Modems
 Wireless Base-stations
 Telephony
 DSL
 VoIP
 Imaging
 Multi-media Servers
 Video

Roadmap of
TMS320C2000™ DSC’s
Software Compatible
Future of Control: Improved
Industrial Drive, Improved Higher performance
System Density for ONET, etc. Greater integration
Control Performance

High-Precision Uni-processor
Control for Applications from F2812
F2812 R2812
R2812
Industrial Drives to Automotive 150 MIPS 150 MIPS C2812
150 MIPS 150 MIPS
F2811
F2811 150 MIPS
150 MIPS
150 MIPS R2811
R2811
F2810
F2810 150 MIPS
150 MIPS C2811
150 MIPS
150 MIPS 150 MIPS
C2810
150 MIPS F2808
Multi-Function, Appliance 100 MIPS
& Consumer Control F2801 F2806
100 MIPS 100 MIPS

F24x
F24x LF240xA
LF240xA Samples December
04
C24x
C24x LC240xA
LC240xA

In Silicon Announced


Broad C28x™ Application Base
Optical Networking
Control of laser diode

Digital Power Supply Printer
Provides control, sensing, Print head control
PFC, and other functions
Paper path motor control

Evaluating
Other Segments Non-traditional
e.g.. Musical Motor Control
Instruments
Many new cool
applications to
come


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