Brain Computer Interface

Introduction to
Brain Computer
Interface
M K Jeevarajan
Co Host : Kongu Engineering College

Technology beyond the Dreams™ Copyright © 2006 Pantech Solutions Pvt Ltd.
Thank you
Kongu Engineering College

Pantech
• Lab equipments and Sensor Interface
• Manufacturer of Brainsense EEG Headset
• Reconfigurable Algorithms on AI
• Manufacture of AI development Boards

Announcement
• Attendance Link will be available at 5.15 pm

Agenda
• Introduction to Brain Computer Interface
– Introduction to BCI
– Types of BCI and Sensors
– How Brain Works
– Applications and Research Topics
• Getting Started with Brainsense
– Quick start guide to Brainsense and its Hardware Components
– List of Software Available
– Connecting Brainsense with PC
– Brainsense with Neuroview
– Brainsense with Brainwave Visualizer
• Brainsense Demo
– How to Read Attention using Brainsense
– How to Read Raw EEG using Brainsense
– How to Read Meditation using Brainsense

Brain Computer Interface
• Communication using Thoughts of Brain (EEG)
without using any Muscle control, Especially for
Severely Paralyzed people

What is Biosignal?
• A bio signal is any signal in human beings that
can be continually measured and monitored.
– ECG(Electrocardiogram)
– EEG(Electroencephalogram)
– EMG(Electromyogram)
– EOG(Electrooculogram)
– Galvanic skin response
– MEG(Magneto encephalography)

Introduction to EEG
• Electroencephalography (EEG) is the
recording of electrical activity along the
scalp. EEG measures voltage fluctuations
resulting from ionic current flows within the
neurons of the brain
• German physiologist and psychiatrist Hans
Berger (1873–1941) recorded the first
human EEG in 1924

BCI defined
• A BCI generally consists of three main
components:
1. A Signal-acquisition module (Electrode,Filtering and
Amplifier)
2. A Signal-processing module(ASIC ,DSP)
3. A Control module ( Microcontroller &Driver)

Three BCI Subtypes
• Active BCI: “An active BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from brain activity
which is directly consciously controlled by the user, independently from external
events, for controlling an application.”
Brain Control Home automation
• Reactive BCI: “A reactive BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from brain activity
arising in reaction to external stimulation, which is indirectly modulated by the
user for controlling an application.”
Brain Games for ADHD
• Passive BCI: “A passive BCI is a BCI which derives its outputs from arbitrary brain
activity without the purpose of voluntary control, for enriching a human-computer
interaction with implicit information.”
Medical application –To Verify Brain Death

BCI Types-Electrodes
BCI Types:
– Invasive
– Involves attaching electrodes directly to the
brain tissue
– The patient’s brain gradually adapts its
signals to be sent through the electrodes
– Non-invasive
Involves putting electrodes on the scalp of the
patient, and taking readings

Types of Electrodes

EEG Sensor Designs

Invasive EEG-Braingate

How Brain Works

Anatomy

Electrode Position

10-20 Electrode System

Electrode Placement

Why is BCI Hard?
• Processing depends on unknown parameters, most of the dynamics are still
uncovered.
• Signal-to-noise ratio is very challenging, so sensitive measures are hard to
obtain
• Folding of cortex is different even for Monozygotic twins
• Large collections of neurons are involved in many different activities, not just
one
• Relevant function maps different from person to person

Consequences
• Sophisticated signal processing is required
• BCI systems must be calibrated before they
can be used
• Calibration should entail as much information as
available, e.g., example data, prior knowledge,
large databases

When would 50,000 neurons fire
near-synchronously?
• –An external event triggers a cascade of related
neural processes (e.g., in perception)
• –An internal event triggers a cascade of related
neural processes (e.g., sudden “aha!”)
• –Neural populations enter a synchronized steady-
state firing pattern (e.g., idle oscillations)
• Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and Oscillatory
Processes are the two major BCI-detectable EEG

Event Related Potentials

Signal Range

Comparison of EEG Bands

Available Software Tools
• Opensig
• BCI2000
• EEGLAB
• Open VIBE
• BCILAB

Applications of EEG

Communication and Control for the
Severely disabled

Neurospeller
https://www.pantechsolutions.net/blog/brain-keyboard-using-
neurosky-mindwave-mobile-and-java/

Operator Monitoring

Forensics-LIE Detection

Entertainment

Health

NeuroMarketing
• Impact of Advt
,movies is measured
by a sample of
audiences Before the
release of an Advt or
Movie

Neuroscience

Recent Research on Brain to Brain
Communication

What is Brainsense ?
• Brainsense- Brain computer interface device
for Student, Researchers and Wellness
Community.
• A, single-channel, wireless headset that monitors
your brain activity and translates EEG into
meaningful data you can understand

What you can do with Brainsense
• Cognitive games – Brain fitness, Game with a benefit
• Measure your Meditation Level daily and provide reports to analyze .
• You can measure your Focus, real time brain monitoring and visual
feedback
• To research on EEG signals for Brain Computer Interface
• Read RAW Brain waves for Developer community

FEATURES
• Single Sensor on FP1
• Can detect multiple mental states simultaneously
• Reference electrode on Ear clip to remove ambient
noises
• IP involves noise cancellation and signal
amplification
• Provides EMG feature for Eye Blink detection

SPECIFICATIONS
• Bluetooth ™ Wireless communication
• Passive Dry Sensor EEG
• Triple AAA battery
• 7 Hours Run Time
eSense Brainwave Patterns:
• Attention
• Meditation
• Eye Blink
• Frequency Bands: 0.5 to 50Hz

How Brainsense Works
THINKGEAR
ASIC+BLUETOOTH

THINKGEAR
•TGAM MODULE offers e-Sense technology
•Outputs Attention, Meditation and Physical eye blinks from raw
EEG data
•2.79cm x 1.52cm x 0.25cm, weighs 130mg
•Communicates through UART interface
at baudrate 1200, 9600 or 57600

TGAM Packets

eSense
• Attention –(0-100)
• Meditatation-(0-100)
• Eyeblink Strength(0-255)
• PoorQuality-200
• Only when NoiseQuality-0 Algorithm Starts

Supported Platform & Developer tools
suite

Popular Apps compatible with
Brainsense across the globe

DEMO

How to Pair Brain sense with PC

Brainsense With Neuroview

Brainsense With Brainwave
Visualizer

Neuro Marketing-AD Interest
Analysis-Cadbury Silk

Brainsense Offer
8435 -6000 Rs

Upcoming Matlab Master Class Series
for 30 Days
45 Min Daily
(from Beginner to Expert)
https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeevarajan/
Thank You

For more details
– www.pantechsolutions.net
– http://www.slideshare.net/pantechsolutions
– http://www.youtube.com/pantechsolutions

Brain Computer Interface

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