Description about 8086 microrocessor with pin diagram. Difference between Microprocessor and Micro-controller.

1. MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER
INDEX:-
1. DEFINITION
2. COMPARISON
3. 8051
4. FEATURES
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• PROGRAMMING MODEL
• PIN DIAGRAM
• MEMORY ORGANISATION
5. PSW

2. WHAT IS MICROPROCESSOR
• A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the functions of
a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC),or
at most a few integrated circuits.
• The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital-
integrated circuit which accepts binary data as input, processes it according
to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output.
• Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic.
Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary
numeral system.

3. WHAT IS MICROCONTROLLER
• A microcontroller (or MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a
single integrated circuit.
• In modern terminology, it is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on
a chip or SoC; an SoC may include a microcontroller as one of its components.
• A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with
memory and programmable input/output peripherals.
• Program memory in the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also
often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM.
• Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the
microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose
applications consisting of various discrete chips.

5. µprocessor µcontroller
COMPARISON BETWEEN µPROCESSOR & µCONTROLLER
• Microprocessor is heart of Computer
system.
• It is just a processor. Since memory and
I/O has to be connected externally, the
circuit becomes large. Since memory
and I/O are present internally, the
circuit is small.
• Cannot be used in compact systems and
hence inefficient.
• Cost of the entire system increases
• Micro Controller is a heart of
embedded system.
• Micro controller has external
processor along with internal memory
and i/o components
• Can be used in compact systems and
hence it is an efficient technique
• Cost of the entire system is low.
• Microcontrollers are generally used in
embedded systems

6. 8051
Microcontroller

7. FEATURES OF 8051
• 4 KB on chip program memory.
• 128 bytes on chip data memory(RAM).
• 128 user defined software flags.
• 8-bit data bus.
• 16-bit address bus.
• 32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits.
• 16 bit timers (usually 2, but may have more, or less).
• 3 internal and 2 external interrupts.

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM

9. PROGRAMMING MODEL

10. PIN DIAGRAM

11. MEMORY ORGANISATION OF 8051

12. PSW
• The program status word (PSW) is an IBM System/360 architecture and successors
control register which performs the function of a Status register and Program counter
in other architectures, and more.
• Although certain fields within the PSW may be tested or set by using non-privileged
instructions, testing or setting the remaining fields may only be accomplished by using
privileged instructions.
• Contained within the PSW are the two bit condition code, representing zero, positive,
negative, overflow, and similar flags of other architectures' status registers.
Conditional branch instructions test this encoded as a four bit value, with each bit
representing a test of one of the four condition code values, 23 + 22 + 21 + 20.

13. THANK YOU!
-Om Bheda-1680004