This document discusses the key components of a sentence: a subject and a predicate. The subject is a noun or pronoun that names who or what is performing the action, while the predicate is the verb that expresses the action or state of being. There are four types of sentences: declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory. The document also discusses sentence fragments, which are incomplete thoughts missing a subject or predicate, and run-on sentences, which improperly combine multiple complete thoughts without proper punctuation. Examples of each are provided.

1. THE SENTENCE
Subjects
and
Predicates

2. * A sentence is a group of words that express a complete thought
* Every sentence must have a subject and a predicate
• A subject is a noun or pronoun
that names the person or thing
that does the action
• A predicate is a verb that
expresses the action or state of
being
• A sentence must begin with a
capital letter, and end with correct
punctuation ( ! ? . )

3. SAMPLE SENTENCES
subject / predicate
• 1. The otter is a graceful animal.
• 2. After several hours the hikers felt tired.
• 3. In one year the heart circulates over one million gallons of blood throughout the
body.
• 4. The actor in that new movie played Hamlet on Broadway.
• ALWAYS FIND THE VERB (PREDICATE/ACTION) FIRST, THEN
ASK WHO or WHAT DOES THE ACTION to find the SUBJECT

4. •The complete subject includes the simple subject and all its modifiers
* The complete predicate includes the verb with all its modifiers and
complements.
• PRACTICE – find the simple subject and the simple
predicate
• 1. Angela ran in a marathon yesterday.
• 2. The skiers enjoyed their holiday.
• 3. After a long walk we finally arrived at the cabin.
• 4. The universe includes millions of stars.
• 5. The bright autumn leaves fluttered to the ground.
• 6. An old blue cover is on the book.
• 7. Trina’s aunt was the woman in the picture.
The Sentence
PRACTICE in Word

5. SENTENCE TYPES
• According to use, there are four kinds of sentences:
- Declarative – states a fact or opinion
Mrs. Severino lives in Philadelphia.
- Interrogative – asks a question
Have you ever seen the Liberty Bell?
- Imperative – makes a request or demand
Please sit up straight.
- Exclamatory – shows strong emotion
We just won the million dollar lottery!

6. FRAGMENTS and RUN ONS
• A fragment is a group of words which does not express a complete thought,
punctuated as though it was a sentence. A fragment is missing either a
subject or a predicate.
– EX: Running through the woods at night.
– EX: Because he was hungry.
• A run-on sentence contains two or more sentences punctuated as if it was only
one thought.
- EX: Susie is a nurse she works at Frankford Hospital.
- EX: We planted roses, they require a lot of care but they are worth it.
* AVOID FRAGMENTS AND RUN-ONS!

7. FRAGMENTS and RUN ONS
• A fragment is a group of words which does not express a complete thought,
punctuated as though it was a sentence. A fragment is missing either a
subject or a predicate.
– EX: Running through the woods at night.
– EX: Because he was hungry.
• A run-on sentence contains two or more sentences punctuated as if it was only
one thought.
- EX: Susie is a nurse she works at Frankford Hospital.
- EX: We planted roses, they require a lot of care but they are worth it.
* AVOID FRAGMENTS AND RUN-ONS!