The document provides a comprehensive guide on constructing complex sentences, outlining the roles of independent and dependent clauses. It explains the use of subordinating conjunctions to connect these clauses and offers various examples to illustrate their correct usage. Additionally, it highlights different types of complex sentences and emphasizes the importance of punctuation, particularly commas.

1. Listening: Level 6

2. Complex Sentence

3. Introduction
Understand and make longer sentences
Use connecting words to form a
COMPLEX SENTENCE

4. Independent Clause
Noun＋Verb＋(Object) = Simple Sentence
Also Known As: Independent Clause
Examples:
I ate lunch.
He rides a bike.

5. Dependent Clause
Incomplete Sentence
Also Known As: Dependent Clause
Examples:
Because she likes cherries
As I was leaving the place

6. Complex Sentence
Independent Clause
+
Dependent Clause(s)
=
Complex Sentence

7. Understanding Dependent Clauses
Dependent Clauses use specific words called
Subordinating Conjunctions
Common Examples:
After
As
Because
Before
If
Since
Until
When
While

8. Dependent Clauses + Independent Clauses
Dependent Clauses can come at the
End of the Sentence
Example:
I realized I lost my phone after I left the
restaurant.

9. Dependent Clauses + Independent Clauses
More Examples:
I left my jacket at home because it is so warm
today.
He waited for her until it got dark.

10. Dependent Clauses + Independent Clauses
Dependent Clauses can come at the
Beginning of the Sentence
*Always Use a Comma*
Example:
Before I go to bed, I brush my teeth.

11. Dependent Clauses + Independent Clauses
More Examples:
If it's past 11 o'clock, don’t call me.
While she was walking in the park, she
saw a raccoon.

12. Other Types of Complex Sentences
*Always contain an Independent Clause and at least
one Dependent Clause*
• Several different types (Focus on patterns)
1. Using a relative clause
e.g. - The dog that I got yesterday bit me.
Ind. - The dog bit me Dep. - that I got yesterday

13. Other Types of Complex Sentences
2. Subordinating conjunctions with other
punctuation
e.g. - Many people like this movie; however, I don't.
Ind. - Many people like this movie
Dep. - however, I don't

14. Other Types of Complex Sentences
3. Participial Constructions
e.g. - Determined to win, he ran as fast as he could.
Ind. - he ran as fast as he could
Dep. - Determined to win

15. Complex Sentence

16. Listening: Level 6