A presentation based on Marketing's idea that there is a product life cycle for every product that is made.
Part of Standard Grade and Higher Business Management
The Product Life Cycle (PLC) model describes the typical stages of a product's revenues and profits over time. These stages are introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different sales volumes, costs, profits, and marketing objectives. The PLC helps companies plan for product support, redesign, development of new products, and manage cash flow over the lifetime of their offerings.
Coca-Cola is a soft drink introduced in 1886 that is available in many cola flavors. It has gone through the typical product lifecycle stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In introduction, costs are high and sales low as demand needs to be created. In growth, costs decrease as sales and profits increase. In maturity, sales peak as competition rises and prices drop. In decline, costs become inefficient as sales, prices, and profits fall.
The product life cycle progresses through four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In the introduction stage, firms focus on building awareness, branding, and distribution. In the growth stage, firms build preference and market share while maintaining quality. In the maturity stage, competition increases as firms defend market share through differentiation and pricing. In the decline stage, firms may rejuvenate, harvest, or discontinue the product.
The document summarizes the product life cycle stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It describes how the marketing mix of product, price, promotion, and place changes throughout each stage. During introduction, the product has limited availability and higher prices. Growth involves more widespread distribution and promotional activities to increase sales. Maturity is the most profitable stage where distribution is broad and promotions remind customers. In decline, prices are reduced to clear remaining stock before withdrawing the product. Extending the life cycle involves selling mature domestic products to new international markets to continue sales without additional research costs.
THIS DESCRIBES THE CONCEPT OF A PRODUCT AND PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS VARIOUS STAGES IN DETAILS.IT WILL GIVE A COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE.
Product life cycle is basically similar to the human life cycle Birth, Growth, Maturity, Death. Product lifecycle also has same stages in it. Please read my Presentation.
The document discusses the stages of a product's life cycle: development, introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. It explains the key characteristics and marketing challenges of each stage. For example, in development costs are incurred creating prototypes, introduction involves promotional strategies to create awareness, and maturity is when sales plateau providing a stable income. The document also covers strategies to extend product life cycles like new target markets or components when facing saturation or decline.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) concept in marketing management. It describes the PLC as having four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During each stage, the firm should employ different marketing strategies to build awareness, market share, and profits. Examples are given of products like TVs and discs that demonstrate the different PLC stages. The conclusion emphasizes how understanding and managing products across their lifecycles can improve profitability.
The Product Life Cycle (PLC) model describes the typical stages of a product's revenues and profits over time. These stages are introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different sales volumes, costs, profits, and marketing objectives. The PLC helps companies plan for product support, redesign, development of new products, and manage cash flow over the lifetime of their offerings.
Coca-Cola is a soft drink introduced in 1886 that is available in many cola flavors. It has gone through the typical product lifecycle stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In introduction, costs are high and sales low as demand needs to be created. In growth, costs decrease as sales and profits increase. In maturity, sales peak as competition rises and prices drop. In decline, costs become inefficient as sales, prices, and profits fall.
The product life cycle progresses through four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In the introduction stage, firms focus on building awareness, branding, and distribution. In the growth stage, firms build preference and market share while maintaining quality. In the maturity stage, competition increases as firms defend market share through differentiation and pricing. In the decline stage, firms may rejuvenate, harvest, or discontinue the product.
The document summarizes the product life cycle stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It describes how the marketing mix of product, price, promotion, and place changes throughout each stage. During introduction, the product has limited availability and higher prices. Growth involves more widespread distribution and promotional activities to increase sales. Maturity is the most profitable stage where distribution is broad and promotions remind customers. In decline, prices are reduced to clear remaining stock before withdrawing the product. Extending the life cycle involves selling mature domestic products to new international markets to continue sales without additional research costs.
THIS DESCRIBES THE CONCEPT OF A PRODUCT AND PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS VARIOUS STAGES IN DETAILS.IT WILL GIVE A COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE.
Product life cycle is basically similar to the human life cycle Birth, Growth, Maturity, Death. Product lifecycle also has same stages in it. Please read my Presentation.
The document discusses the stages of a product's life cycle: development, introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. It explains the key characteristics and marketing challenges of each stage. For example, in development costs are incurred creating prototypes, introduction involves promotional strategies to create awareness, and maturity is when sales plateau providing a stable income. The document also covers strategies to extend product life cycles like new target markets or components when facing saturation or decline.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) concept in marketing management. It describes the PLC as having four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During each stage, the firm should employ different marketing strategies to build awareness, market share, and profits. Examples are given of products like TVs and discs that demonstrate the different PLC stages. The conclusion emphasizes how understanding and managing products across their lifecycles can improve profitability.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC), which describes the stages a product goes through from introduction to growth, maturity, and decline. It outlines the characteristics of each stage and how marketing strategies should be adapted, including adjustments to product, price, placement, and promotion. In the introduction stage, sales are low and marketing focuses on branding and selective distribution. In growth, sales rapidly increase through increased advertising and distribution. Maturity is the most profitable stage, though competition increases and modifications are made to differentiate the product. Finally, in decline, sales decrease and options include maintaining, reducing costs, or discontinuing the product.
The document discusses product life cycles and how they can be used for strategic marketing planning. It describes the typical stages a product goes through - development, introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and withdrawal. During each stage, different marketing strategies are most effective, such as high promotion during introduction, market share growth during maturity, and cost reduction during decline. Understanding a product's life cycle helps companies plan when to support, redesign, or withdraw a product.
The document summarizes the stages of a product's life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. It notes that during the introduction stage, sales are slow but marketing costs are high, leading to little or no profit. In the growth stage, sales and profits increase as the company tries to maximize market share. During maturity and saturation, sales peak and then decline while profits also start declining. Finally, in the decline stage both sales and profits decrease. The document also lists strategies companies use at each stage, such as pricing and advertising approaches, as well as factors that can affect a product's life cycle.
The document discusses the product life cycle from introduction to decline. It explains that during the introduction stage, promotional expenditures are highest as the brand establishes itself. As the product grows, it improves quality and adds new features. During maturity, brands try to increase the number of users and usage rate through strategies like entering new markets. Finally in decline, brands face losses as sales and profits decrease over time.
The product life cycle has four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In the introduction stage, the product first enters the market and focus is on promoting awareness and getting customers to try it. In the growth stage, the product is accepted by consumers and distribution expands. The maturity stage is when sales begin to slow as repeat purchases decrease and attracting new buyers is challenging. Finally, in the decline stage, sales and profits drop off as demand wanes and the product is eventually removed from the market. Companies can manage the life cycle through product modification, market modification, or repositioning strategies.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC), which describes the stages a product goes through from introduction to decline. It identifies the key stages as introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different factors such as sales patterns, pricing, competition, and marketing activities. Understanding the PLC provides guidance to marketers on adapting appropriate strategies for each phase of a product's lifecycle.
The product life cycle outlines the typical stages a product goes through from introduction to decline. It includes introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, sales are low and costs are high to create awareness. Growth sees increasing sales and profits as the product gains acceptance. Maturity is the most profitable stage as sales peak. In decline, sales decrease as the product becomes outdated. Businesses can extend the cycle through advertising, price reductions, new features, exploring new markets, and packaging updates. The model helps marketers strategize but products don't always follow predictable cycles.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) and strategies companies use at each stage. It notes that products pass through distinct stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, strategies focus on creating awareness and trial with high promotion at a premium price. Growth focuses on market share gains through distribution expansion, promotions, and price reductions. Maturity aims to maximize profits through diversification while defending market share. Decline entails cost cutting and milking remaining brand value. Strategies may also include market, product, or marketing program modifications to change a brand's course.
the ppt contains detailed stages of product life cycle with their specific strategy requirements and examples in Indian context, limitations, uses and significance along with special cases of PLC
This document discusses the product life cycle and how products progress through different stages from introduction to decline. It explains that the product life cycle has four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During each stage, companies should focus on different marketing mix elements like product, price, placement, promotion, and sales strategies. The stages are used to understand how to best market and manage products over their lifetime in the market.
The document discusses the product life cycle of the Maruti Suzuki 800 car in India. It traces the different stages - introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Some key points:
- The Maruti 800 was introduced in 1983 and became very popular, selling over 2.5 million units. It helped define the Indian auto market.
- It experienced rapid growth and penetration across India in its early years. By the 1990s it had reached maturity with sales plateauing.
- In 2010, production was stopped in major cities due to stricter emissions regulations. The last 800 rolled off the assembly line in January 2018, marking the end of its lifecycle.
- The affordable and reliable 800
The document discusses the product life cycle theory and its four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It provides characteristics of each stage such as high costs and low sales in introduction, increased sales and profits in growth, market saturation in maturity, and declining sales and costs in decline. The document uses the example of Lux soap's product life cycle in India from its introduction in 1929 to the present, where it is currently in the maturity stage. The goals of product life cycle management are to reduce costs and time to market while improving quality and identifying sales opportunities.
The product life cycle is an important concept in marketing. It describes the stages a product goes through from when it was first thought of until it finally is removed from the market. Not all products reach this final stage.
PLC is clearly explained with relevant examples of various products and their life cycles
The document discusses the product life cycle model, which describes the stages through which products typically pass from introduction to decline. It outlines the four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage presents different challenges and opportunities for product marketing, pricing, distribution, and finances. The introduction stage focuses on promotion to raise awareness. Growth involves expanding market share. Maturity sees increasing competition and price wars. Decline requires cost control and withdrawing weak variations. The concept helps understand competition dynamics over a product's lifetime.
The document discusses product life cycles and their stages. It notes that products go through distinct stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In each stage, products require different marketing, financial, manufacturing, and human resource strategies. It provides examples of products in each stage and describes the characteristics of each stage in terms of costs, sales, competition, and management strategies.
Product Life Cycle (Stages and Extension Strategies)Project Student
Business Studies - Product Life Cycle
The product life cycle stages are explained in depth along with advantages and disadvantages of the product life cycle, extension strategies and the uses. Each stage (development, introduction, growth, maturity and saturation, decline, rejuvenation and decline) are all explained in depth along with a chart and adv. and disadv.
The document discusses the product life cycle, which describes the typical stages through which a product passes from introduction to decline. It identifies five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different features related to sales, profits, competition, and market awareness/acceptance of the product. The goal of product life cycle management is to maximize value and profitability at each stage. The document also discusses ways to potentially extend the life cycle through strategies like advertising, exploring new markets, price reductions, and adding new product features.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) and its five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and decision point. It provides examples of products that align with each stage and notes that the PLC describes how consumer demand changes over time as products are introduced, become popular, and eventually decline. However, the PLC is an oversimplification, as the length of each stage varies significantly between products and marketers can influence what stage a product is in through pricing and other decisions.
The document discusses the product life cycle of marketing management. It begins by introducing the four stages of a product's life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It then provides examples like 3D TVs in the introduction stage and tablets in the growth stage. For each stage, it outlines the typical characteristics like low sales and high costs in introduction and rapidly rising sales in growth. Finally, it discusses implications of the product life cycle concept for assessing opportunities, threats, and adjusting marketing strategies.
This document provides an overview of Coca-Cola's mission statement, history, management structure, and market share. The mission statement focuses on maximizing shareholder value by creating value for consumers, customers, bottlers, and communities. Coca-Cola has over 16 million customers worldwide and nearly 6 million potential consumers. It is the world's largest beverage company with over 2800 beverage products sold in more than 200 countries. Coca-Cola enjoys the largest market share in the soft drink industry at around 59% globally.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC), which describes the stages a product goes through from introduction to growth, maturity, and decline. It outlines the characteristics of each stage and how marketing strategies should be adapted, including adjustments to product, price, placement, and promotion. In the introduction stage, sales are low and marketing focuses on branding and selective distribution. In growth, sales rapidly increase through increased advertising and distribution. Maturity is the most profitable stage, though competition increases and modifications are made to differentiate the product. Finally, in decline, sales decrease and options include maintaining, reducing costs, or discontinuing the product.
The document discusses product life cycles and how they can be used for strategic marketing planning. It describes the typical stages a product goes through - development, introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and withdrawal. During each stage, different marketing strategies are most effective, such as high promotion during introduction, market share growth during maturity, and cost reduction during decline. Understanding a product's life cycle helps companies plan when to support, redesign, or withdraw a product.
The document summarizes the stages of a product's life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. It notes that during the introduction stage, sales are slow but marketing costs are high, leading to little or no profit. In the growth stage, sales and profits increase as the company tries to maximize market share. During maturity and saturation, sales peak and then decline while profits also start declining. Finally, in the decline stage both sales and profits decrease. The document also lists strategies companies use at each stage, such as pricing and advertising approaches, as well as factors that can affect a product's life cycle.
The document discusses the product life cycle from introduction to decline. It explains that during the introduction stage, promotional expenditures are highest as the brand establishes itself. As the product grows, it improves quality and adds new features. During maturity, brands try to increase the number of users and usage rate through strategies like entering new markets. Finally in decline, brands face losses as sales and profits decrease over time.
The product life cycle has four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In the introduction stage, the product first enters the market and focus is on promoting awareness and getting customers to try it. In the growth stage, the product is accepted by consumers and distribution expands. The maturity stage is when sales begin to slow as repeat purchases decrease and attracting new buyers is challenging. Finally, in the decline stage, sales and profits drop off as demand wanes and the product is eventually removed from the market. Companies can manage the life cycle through product modification, market modification, or repositioning strategies.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC), which describes the stages a product goes through from introduction to decline. It identifies the key stages as introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different factors such as sales patterns, pricing, competition, and marketing activities. Understanding the PLC provides guidance to marketers on adapting appropriate strategies for each phase of a product's lifecycle.
The product life cycle outlines the typical stages a product goes through from introduction to decline. It includes introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, sales are low and costs are high to create awareness. Growth sees increasing sales and profits as the product gains acceptance. Maturity is the most profitable stage as sales peak. In decline, sales decrease as the product becomes outdated. Businesses can extend the cycle through advertising, price reductions, new features, exploring new markets, and packaging updates. The model helps marketers strategize but products don't always follow predictable cycles.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) and strategies companies use at each stage. It notes that products pass through distinct stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, strategies focus on creating awareness and trial with high promotion at a premium price. Growth focuses on market share gains through distribution expansion, promotions, and price reductions. Maturity aims to maximize profits through diversification while defending market share. Decline entails cost cutting and milking remaining brand value. Strategies may also include market, product, or marketing program modifications to change a brand's course.
the ppt contains detailed stages of product life cycle with their specific strategy requirements and examples in Indian context, limitations, uses and significance along with special cases of PLC
This document discusses the product life cycle and how products progress through different stages from introduction to decline. It explains that the product life cycle has four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During each stage, companies should focus on different marketing mix elements like product, price, placement, promotion, and sales strategies. The stages are used to understand how to best market and manage products over their lifetime in the market.
The document discusses the product life cycle of the Maruti Suzuki 800 car in India. It traces the different stages - introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Some key points:
- The Maruti 800 was introduced in 1983 and became very popular, selling over 2.5 million units. It helped define the Indian auto market.
- It experienced rapid growth and penetration across India in its early years. By the 1990s it had reached maturity with sales plateauing.
- In 2010, production was stopped in major cities due to stricter emissions regulations. The last 800 rolled off the assembly line in January 2018, marking the end of its lifecycle.
- The affordable and reliable 800
The document discusses the product life cycle theory and its four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It provides characteristics of each stage such as high costs and low sales in introduction, increased sales and profits in growth, market saturation in maturity, and declining sales and costs in decline. The document uses the example of Lux soap's product life cycle in India from its introduction in 1929 to the present, where it is currently in the maturity stage. The goals of product life cycle management are to reduce costs and time to market while improving quality and identifying sales opportunities.
The product life cycle is an important concept in marketing. It describes the stages a product goes through from when it was first thought of until it finally is removed from the market. Not all products reach this final stage.
PLC is clearly explained with relevant examples of various products and their life cycles
The document discusses the product life cycle model, which describes the stages through which products typically pass from introduction to decline. It outlines the four main stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage presents different challenges and opportunities for product marketing, pricing, distribution, and finances. The introduction stage focuses on promotion to raise awareness. Growth involves expanding market share. Maturity sees increasing competition and price wars. Decline requires cost control and withdrawing weak variations. The concept helps understand competition dynamics over a product's lifetime.
The document discusses product life cycles and their stages. It notes that products go through distinct stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In each stage, products require different marketing, financial, manufacturing, and human resource strategies. It provides examples of products in each stage and describes the characteristics of each stage in terms of costs, sales, competition, and management strategies.
Product Life Cycle (Stages and Extension Strategies)Project Student
Business Studies - Product Life Cycle
The product life cycle stages are explained in depth along with advantages and disadvantages of the product life cycle, extension strategies and the uses. Each stage (development, introduction, growth, maturity and saturation, decline, rejuvenation and decline) are all explained in depth along with a chart and adv. and disadv.
The document discusses the product life cycle, which describes the typical stages through which a product passes from introduction to decline. It identifies five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, saturation, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different features related to sales, profits, competition, and market awareness/acceptance of the product. The goal of product life cycle management is to maximize value and profitability at each stage. The document also discusses ways to potentially extend the life cycle through strategies like advertising, exploring new markets, price reductions, and adding new product features.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) and its five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and decision point. It provides examples of products that align with each stage and notes that the PLC describes how consumer demand changes over time as products are introduced, become popular, and eventually decline. However, the PLC is an oversimplification, as the length of each stage varies significantly between products and marketers can influence what stage a product is in through pricing and other decisions.
The document discusses the product life cycle of marketing management. It begins by introducing the four stages of a product's life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It then provides examples like 3D TVs in the introduction stage and tablets in the growth stage. For each stage, it outlines the typical characteristics like low sales and high costs in introduction and rapidly rising sales in growth. Finally, it discusses implications of the product life cycle concept for assessing opportunities, threats, and adjusting marketing strategies.
This document provides an overview of Coca-Cola's mission statement, history, management structure, and market share. The mission statement focuses on maximizing shareholder value by creating value for consumers, customers, bottlers, and communities. Coca-Cola has over 16 million customers worldwide and nearly 6 million potential consumers. It is the world's largest beverage company with over 2800 beverage products sold in more than 200 countries. Coca-Cola enjoys the largest market share in the soft drink industry at around 59% globally.
Dissertation on Integrated Marketing Communication of Coca Cola India and What changes can be considered in their promotional activity.
I have tried to cover the details of Mass Communication, Advertising, Sales Promotion, Online Marketing, Direct Selling, Television Commercials, Print Ads, Public Relations, Crisis Communication, Strategic Communication, Strategic Planning etc in this Project. It is based on hard core research and the information are more in depth updated.
The document discusses the product life cycle, which consists of four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage is characterized by different sales volumes, costs, profits, and marketing objectives. The introduction stage involves building product awareness at high costs and negative profits. Growth sees rapidly rising sales through expanded distribution and lower prices. Maturity reaches peak sales with efforts to maximize profits and defend market share. Finally, decline has falling sales and profits as the product is phased out.
Marketing strategies of coca cola companyBikashdaga
The document summarizes the marketing strategies of Coca-Cola based on a student project. It discusses Coca-Cola's history and entry into India, acquisition of Parle brands, distribution network, marketing mix including product portfolio, pricing, promotion, and placement. It analyzes Coca-Cola's strategies using PEST and SWOT frameworks. The key highlights are Coca-Cola's wide product range, effective distribution, brand ambassadors, and adapting to local regulations and consumer preferences.
Product portfolio analysis involves identifying the position of each product in a company's portfolio based on its market share and the market's growth. The Boston Matrix is a common method used, classifying products as stars, cash cows, question marks or dogs. Stars have high market share in growing markets while cash cows have high share in stagnant markets. Question marks have low share but are in growing markets, while dogs have low share in declining markets. Extending a product's lifecycle can involve introducing variations, exporting to new markets, minor redesigns, new advertising, or improved versions. The next class will cover the price aspect of the marketing mix.
The document discusses the product lifecycle (PLC) which consists of four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During the introduction stage, products are initially promoted to raise public awareness using either a penetration or skimming pricing strategy. In the growth stage, heavy advertising is used to increase sales and market share. The maturity stage sees sales growth stabilize. Finally, the decline stage occurs when sales begin to fall as customers are satisfied or replaced by newer products. However, the document notes that not all products follow the same cycle and stages may be skipped. Close monitoring is needed throughout a product's lifecycle.
The document is a marketing plan by Coca-Cola Company to introduce a new product called "Bubble Buzz". Bubble Buzz will be a bottled bubble tea product positioned as the only ready-to-drink bubble tea on the market. The objectives of the marketing plan are to create strong consumer awareness of the new product, establish wide brand recognition to capture market share in the functional drinks segment, and become the top market leader in that segment. The plan analyzes the industry, trends, demographics and economic conditions to guide marketing strategies to reach the targeted market size and sales growth forecasts over four years.
The document is a project report on the marketing strategies of Coca Cola. It discusses Coca Cola's history in India, including withdrawing from the country in 1977 due to government demands and then returning in 1993 to a changed soft drink market dominated by competitors like Parle. To gain market share, Coca Cola decided to take over Parle, gaining access to their network of over 200,000 retailer outlets and 60 bottlers. The marketing strategies Coca Cola employed in the 1990s to win the "Cola war" in India were successful, increasing their market share to 48.3% by 1998.
The document discusses the product life cycle model, which shows the typical stages in a product's sales over time. The stages are development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During each stage, marketing strategies must be adapted to changing challenges and opportunities. While useful for decision making, the product life cycle varies by product and limitations include its backward-looking nature and difficulty in predicting future sales.
1) A product goes through different stages in its life cycle from development to growth to maturity and decline. Marketing strategies must adapt to the changing needs in each stage.
2) Products can be classified by their life cycle length as basic, fashion, or fad. Basic products like jeans have long life cycles while fashions change more quickly.
3) Five types of consumers adopt fashion products at different stages from innovators to late adopters. Marketing must target each group appropriately.
This document discusses products and product management. It covers key topics such as:
1) The definition of a product and its importance in the marketing mix. Products are at the core of marketing and satisfy customer needs.
2) Product differentiation and the product life cycle. Businesses must differentiate their products and manage them over different stages of the life cycle.
3) Product portfolio management tools like the Boston Matrix which categorize products based on their market share and market growth to help analyze a company's portfolio.
The document discusses target markets and the product life cycle for new fashion products. It describes four main target market categories: McFashion, International Superbrands, London Style, and Micro Markets. It then outlines different strategies for introducing new products, including product improvement, imitation, innovation, and diversification. Finally, it analyzes the life cycles of basic, fashion, and fad products, noting that fashion products have shorter cycles as styles change more rapidly.
The document discusses the product life cycle and how it relates to different types of fashion products. It explains that products like t-shirts and jeans have long, basic life cycles, while fashion and fad products have much shorter cycles as styles change more quickly. Fashion products in particular move through different target markets - from innovators to early adopters to the masses and late adopters - as the fashion cycles through introduction, growth, maturity and decline. Marketing strategies should be adapted to reach the different consumer types at each stage of the product and fashion life cycles.
This document outlines the product life cycle (PLC) model, including its key stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. It provides details on how products, styles, fashions, and fads may progress differently through the PLC. Marketing strategies are discussed for each stage, with an emphasis on adapting strategies based on where a product is in its life cycle. Examples are given of products that have successfully navigated the PLC stages as well as those that have declined.
Products typically go through distinct life cycle stages from introduction to decline. The five main stages are development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Marketing strategies must be tailored to each stage. In introduction, the goal is creating awareness and trial. In growth, the focus is building brand preference and market share. Maturity aims to defend market share and maximize profits amid competition. Decline requires deciding whether to maintain, harvest, or divest the product. Managing a portfolio of products in different life cycle stages helps maximize cash flow and profits over time.
Product Life Cycle Theory| International Business.pptxrochakkarki1
INTRODUCTION
In 1960, Raymond Vernon, an American economist, developed an economic theory known as the Product Life cycle theory. As the name suggests, this theory talks about a product that goes through different stages. The international product life cycle is a theoretical model describing how an industry evolves over time and across national borders.
Products enter the market and gradually disappear again. According to Raymond Vernon, each product has a certain life cycle that begins with its development and ends with its decline.
ASSUMPTIONS
Two assumptions have to be kept in mind while studying this Product Lifecycle Theory by Raymond Vernon.
This theory is only applicable to developed countries and not to developing countries.
It was assumed that the new product will only be produced in the country where it was first invented.
STAGES
Product Life Cycle theory talks about 4 stages:
1.Introduction Stage2.Growth State3.Maturity Stage4.Decline Stage
INTRODUCTION STAGE
The stages of the product life cycle theory always begin with the introduction of a new product. When an organization has developed a product successfully, it will be introduced into the national (and international) outlet. In order to create demand, investments are made with respect to consumer awareness and promotion of the new product in order to get sales going.Considering that it is the first stage of the product life cycle, the profit will be low, but when the demand for the product increases, the profit will also increase simultaneously. Since the demand for the product is increased, it will automatically enter the next stage of the product life cycle.
GROWTH STAGE
In this stage the demand for the product increases. As a result, the production costs decrease and high profits are generated. The product becomes widely known, and competitors will enter the market with their own version of the product. Usually, they offer the product at a much lower sales price.Increased competition can lead to a reduction in the price. Availability of the product came into question to ensure that every customer can get that product.To maintain this growth, customer satisfaction should be the number one priority of the producers.
MATURITY STAGE
In the maturity stage, the product is widely known and is bought by many consumers. Competition is intense and a company will do anything to remain a stable market leader. This is why the product is sold at record low prices.
At this stage, the original producer of the product has to spend a lot of money to sustain their product as a market leader. They have to focus on the sale and prevent it from dropping off. This can be done by decreasing the price and maintaining the market share. Since the product is already popular, so the cost of promotion and development decreases during this stage. The profit margin also decreases, but the volume of sales is still high.
The product life cycle describes the typical stages a product goes through from introduction to decline. It includes introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, sales are low and costs are high to create awareness. Growth sees increasing sales and profits as the product gains acceptance. Maturity is the most profitable as sales peak, though competition rises. Finally, decline occurs as sales decrease due to saturation or competition. Businesses can extend the cycle through advertising, price reductions, innovation, exploring new markets, or packaging changes. The model helps marketers strategize but products don't always follow predictable cycles.
The document discusses the product life cycle, which has five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and product development. It provides details about each stage. In the introduction stage, sales are low and costs are high. The growth stage sees rapidly increasing sales and profits. The maturity stage is when sales growth slows due to competition. In decline, sales fall off and profits drop. The product life cycle concept can be applied to product classes, forms, brands, styles, fashions, and fads.
The document discusses the product life cycle and its four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. In the introduction stage, a new product has little customer awareness, so informative advertising is important. In the growth stage, more of the market learns about the product and advertising and pricing strategies may need to change. In maturity, competition is intense as companies fight for market share. Careful monitoring of marketing decisions is needed. In decline, the market is shrinking, so profitable promotional, positioning, and pricing decisions must be made. The document instructs students to sketch and label the product life cycle diagram and summarize each stage based on provided reading.
Product live cycle and a very informative slideAman859174
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC), which describes the stages through which a product passes from introduction to growth, maturity, and decline. It defines the PLC according to marketing experts and outlines the characteristics and strategies used at each stage. Factors influencing the PLC and ways to extend it are also examined, along with the importance of understanding the PLC for planning marketing strategies.
A product life cycle consists of four stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. During introduction, marketing and advertising are used to generate awareness of a new product. The growth stage sees increasing demand and production. In maturity, the market is established and competitors have entered. Finally, decline occurs as newer innovations emerge and competition increases, leading to reduced production. Understanding these stages allows companies to effectively manage a product through its life cycle with appropriate strategies.
The document summarizes key concepts relating to product mix strategies and the product life cycle. It defines product mix and product line, and discusses major product mix strategies such as positioning, expansion, alteration, contraction, and trading up/down. It then explains the stages of the product life cycle - introduction, growth, maturity, decline - and the strategic implications of each stage. Finally, it discusses planned obsolescence and fashion adoption processes.
The document outlines an educational session that introduces the Boston Matrix and product life cycle. It includes written tasks to explain the Boston Matrix and place examples in each category. A video is shown and a Kahoot quiz taken. Finally, participants evaluate the Boston Matrix and recap the session objectives.
The document summarizes a business plan for a women's clothing boutique called Fashion Quest. The boutique aims to provide fashionable and affordable clothing for women of all ages in Nasik, India. It will offer both ethnic and western styles through its initial store located on College Road in Nasik as well as online. The business plan outlines the new product development process, pricing strategy, marketing channels including advertising, social media and partnerships, and goals to acquire 5,000 customers in the first year. The boutique aims to make shopping an inexpensive yet confidence-boosting experience for women.
The document discusses the product life cycle, which consists of four stages: development, growth, maturity, and decline. It describes each stage, noting that sales are typically slow in development but grow in growth, level off in maturity, and decline in the decline stage. Managing a product through its life cycle by observing these stages can help businesses determine pricing, anticipate profitability, and compete effectively at each phase.
Coca Cola is currently in the maturity stage of its product life cycle. It has been over 130 years since Coca Cola was founded and it is now one of the most recognizable brands worldwide. Coca Cola uses both direct and indirect distribution strategies to get its products to customers. It promotes its products using both push and pull strategies, giving incentives to distributors and using advertising to encourage customers to ask for the brand. While still successful, the document provides some suggestions for improvements such as changing the taste, bottle design, or increasing distributors.
The document discusses key concepts in marketing products, including product categories, classifications, sizes, and life cycles. It defines different style structures in fashion like haute couture and ready-to-wear. It also outlines the four stages of a typical product life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. For fast-moving industries like apparel, the life cycle usually involves three stages - market development and introduction, growth, and maturity/decline. Understanding a product's life cycle helps businesses make decisions around promotions, inventory levels, and launch timing.
The document discusses the product life cycle (PLC) and its five stages: introduction, growth, maturity, decline, and decision point. It provides examples of products that are in similar stages of the PLC and describes characteristics of each stage. The PLC describes how consumer demand changes over time as products are introduced, become popular, and eventually decline. However, the PLC model does not perfectly predict every product as stages can vary in length and some products may skip stages or have non-traditional cycles.
Do not chew gum or use your phone during the interview. Explain your experiences and qualifications in detail to engage the interviewer. Dress professionally, sit up straight, and arrive 10-20 minutes early. Come prepared with examples of your skills and qualifications for the position, and do not go to the interview unprepared or under the influence of substances.
Be prepared, dress formally, and arrive on time for your interview. Sit up straight, make eye contact and appear interested. Avoid slouching, crossing your legs or acting unprofessionally as this can leave a poor impression on the interviewer.
The document provides information about Russia, including its capital city (Moscow), population (141 million), and currency (rubels). It discusses Russian leaders Nicholas II and Joseph Stalin, as well as famous Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova. It notes Russia is the largest country by area and details its geography, from Murmansk to the Ural Mountains. The document also contains brief descriptions of Siberian Huskies and European bison, as well as a short quiz on Russia.
The document provides facts about China, its culture, sports, and history. It states that pandas are endangered with only 2,500 remaining, most of which are in captivity in China. It discusses the Great Wall of China and table tennis, in which Chinese players have dominated championships. Famous Chinese people mentioned include Jackie Chan, Jimmy Choo, and Zheng Zhi. Additional facts note that ice cream was invented in China 2000 BC and that the Great Wall is the largest man-made structure. It closes by hoping the reader enjoyed learning about China.
The document provides information on India's history, famous people, wildlife, food, and landmarks. It discusses how India's history is at a crossroads of cultures from China to Europe. It introduces Manmohan Singh as the current Prime Minister of India and Aishwarya Rai as a famous Bollywood actress. Tigers are described as the main wildlife, hunting deer and having a life expectancy of 15-20 years. Indian food uses spices generously and reflects the blending of cultures. Famous landmarks highlighted include the Taj Mahal, Akshardham Temple, and Lotus Temple.
The four main islands of Japan are Hokkaido, Kyushu, Honshu and Shikoku, with a population of over 127 million people. Tokyo is the capital and is often featured in movies and anime, containing museums like the Tokyo National Museum. The Japanese flag is named Nisshoku which translates to "sun mark flag" and features a red circle representing the sun in the center. Japan experiences around 5000 earthquakes annually and has suffered three major natural disasters recently including an earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear explosion. Japan has the third largest economy in the world focused on industries like motor vehicles, electronics, and chemicals.
The document provides information about Vietnam, including its history, people, currency, and flag. It discusses how the Vietnam War was between the Vietnamese and US Army, with many American lives lost to explosions and ambushes. It also notes that the Dong has been Vietnam's currency since 1978, issued by the State Bank of Vietnam and divided into 10 hao subunits. The flag is described as a simple red square with a central yellow star.
Kazakhstan has a population of around 16 million people who primarily speak Kazakh and Russian. Islam is the predominant religion. The country has significant oil and mineral resources. Kazakhstan has a diverse landscape that ranges from steppes to mountains and is home to various animal species like the brown bear, cheetah, and snow leopard.
The 60s american politics turbulent decadeMarcus9000
A look at the political history of the USA spanning the decade of the 1960s.
This covers events such as the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam, Civil Rights Movement and the Space Race as well as the Cold War.
Doing business in Japan requires understanding Japanese business culture and etiquette. Meetings are highly structured and hierarchical, with the most senior person seated furthest from the door. Punctuality is expected. Relationship building through multiple meetings is important for establishing trust before substantive business discussions. Negotiations are non-confrontational, with implicit communication and consensus decision making preferred over direct "no" answers. Proper gift giving and conservative business attire should be observed.
The document discusses several futuristic modes of transportation including HOTOL which could travel from London to Sydney in 45 minutes, bullet trains, Segways, Bloodhound which aims to reach 1,000 mph, Earthrace boat powered by human fat, Ekranoplan using ground effect, Concorde, Stealth Fighter Nighthawk, B2 Stealth Bomber, Apache Gunship Helicopter, and Harrier Jump Jet.
This is a light hearted look at the box office performance of James Cameron's movies.
He currently holds number 1 & 2 positions at the all time global box office.
He also ties the record of oscar wins for one film, 11 for Titanic in 1998.
Vienna has a population of 1.7 million people and was formerly the seat of power for the Hapsburg and Austro-Hungarian Empires. Some of Vienna's most famous attractions include the Riesenrad ferris wheel, the Danube River, Prater Park, Stephansdom Church, the Hofburg Imperial Palace, the Spanish Riding School, and Schonbrunn Palace and Vienna Zoo. Vienna is also known for waltz music perfected by the Strauss family and opulent 19th century balls that still occur today.
Some facts and pics about Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. KL is a Global City and one which I have visited twice in 2005 and 2007. It is a fascinating mix of ancient Asia, 21st Century steel and glass, and indeed European influence.
KL is the capital of Malaysia and is an example of that country's drive to become fully developed by 2020.
Some facts and pictures about Barcelona, Capital of Catalonia.
Barcelona is a glamourous European city I have visited only once in 2008.
It is a proud city and one that is deeply Catalan and not Spanish!
The document discusses fictitious movie companies. It does not provide any real details about actual movie production companies. In just a title, it introduces the topic of imaginary film production businesses but does not elaborate on or describe any specific fictional movie companies.
Some facts and pictures about Chicago.
I visited Chicago in summer 2007. It is a beautiful city which I didn't know had a marina as it is on the shores of Lake Michigan.
Chicago has incredible architecture, such as the salient Sears Tower. The biggest city in the Mid-West and indeed between the East and West Coasts. It is a must see!
This document promotes a blog called www.mrmcgowan.blogspot.com and encourages visiting the site. It repeats the URL for the blog twice but provides no other details about the blog's content or purpose.
Walmart is the largest retailer and private employer in the world, operating over 7,800 stores globally under different names. It has approximately 2.1 million employees and generates $500,000 in revenue every minute. While its purpose is to provide cheap goods for customers and turn a profit, it also aims to eliminate competition. Lee Scott runs the business, which had $340 billion in sales revenue and $12 billion in net income last year, ranking it as the 6th most profitable corporation. Walmart advertises extensively on billboards, TV, the internet and in papers to compare itself to competitors. It plans to expand further and become more environmentally and socially responsible through initiatives like solar power and donations.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
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Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.