The meanings of translation
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Translation is an intellectual activity that involves analyzing a text to examine its function and determine the appropriate linguistic resources for conveying an equivalent message in the target language for its intended readership. It requires the translator to understand the meaning of the original message and recreate it in a clear, faithful, and accurate way in the new language. There are three types of translation according to Jakobson: intralinguistic, interlinguistic, and intersemiotic. The goal of translation is communication by reproducing the sense of a message through an equivalent version in another language.
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definition of translation
The document discusses definitions of translation provided by several scholars, such as Newmark, Nida and Taber, and Hatim and Munday. It also explains that translation involves studying the source text's lexis, grammar, culture, and context to determine meaning, and then reconstructing this meaning using the target language's appropriate structure and context. An example is given of translating "Ana Muslim" from Arabic to English as "I am Muslim." The document also lists skills needed for translation, such as writing ability, research, cultural awareness, language proficiency, experience, and dictionaries. Creating a good translation requires understanding grammar, vocabulary, and culture in both the source and target languages.
Translation Types
The document defines and describes various types of translation including:
- Oral and written translation which can be done consecutively or simultaneously
- Computer-assisted translation which uses computer programs to aid the human translation process
- Machine translation which uses computer programs to translate without human intervention
It also discusses different types of translation based on factors like the unit, aim, tasks/objectives, and number of translators involved. Some translation types discussed include: literal, idiomatic, committee, common language, dynamic, and thought-for-thought translations.
What do we translate
This document discusses translation methods and the challenges faced by translators. It describes translation as transferring meaning from the source language to the target language as closely, completely, and accurately as possible. This includes syntax, vocabulary, style, and phonology.
The document outlines several methods of translation, including literal vs. free translation, semantic vs. communicative translation, and formal equivalent vs. dynamic translation. It also discusses two main difficulties for translators - difficulties related to items/vocabulary and sentence structure/style. Specific challenges include words having different meanings depending in context and translating idioms.
Approaches of translation
The document discusses different types of translation, including:
1. Literal translation, which aims to maintain the form and word order of the original text as much as possible.
2. Free translation, which focuses on conveying the overall meaning through natural language forms and structures in the target language.
3. Communicative translation, which prioritizes effectively communicating the intended message to the target audience over maintaining the original form.
The document also notes that the appropriate translation technique depends on factors like the text type and whether preserving meaning or form is more important for a given text.
Translation Strategies, by Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
The document discusses translation strategies and methods. It begins by explaining the analytical and transfer phases of translation. The goal of translation is to achieve equivalent effect, where the target text has the same impact on its readers as the source text had on its readers. Global translation strategies refer to the overall approach taken, focusing more on retaining source text features or adapting for the target language/audience. Local strategies are applied to individual expressions and include direct translation techniques as well as indirect techniques involving shifts, equivalents, and other procedures.
First lecture
The document discusses different types of translation including word-for-word, literal, free, semantic, and communicative translation. It provides examples to illustrate each type and notes their strengths and weaknesses. Word-for-word and literal translations aim for lexical and structural accuracy but can result in unnatural translations. Free and communicative translations prioritize natural expression in the target language over structural accuracy from the source text. Semantic translation balances meaning and form.
The meanings of translation
Translation is an intellectual activity that involves analyzing a text to examine its function and determine the appropriate linguistic resources for conveying an equivalent message in the target language for its intended readership. It requires the translator to understand the meaning of the original message and recreate it in a clear, faithful, and accurate way in the new language. There are three types of translation according to Jakobson: intralinguistic, interlinguistic, and intersemiotic. The goal of translation is communication across languages and cultures to shorten distances and abolish borders in an increasingly globalized world.
Types of translation
There are eight types of translation: word-for-word, literal, faithful, semantic, communicative, idiomatic, adaptive, and free. Word-for-word translation preserves source language word order and translates words by their most common meanings. Communicative translation renders the exact contextual meaning of the original in a way that is readily acceptable and comprehensible to the target readership. Adaptive translation preserves themes, characters, and plots but converts the source culture to the target culture and rewrites the text.
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definition of translation
The document discusses definitions of translation provided by several scholars, such as Newmark, Nida and Taber, and Hatim and Munday. It also explains that translation involves studying the source text's lexis, grammar, culture, and context to determine meaning, and then reconstructing this meaning using the target language's appropriate structure and context. An example is given of translating "Ana Muslim" from Arabic to English as "I am Muslim." The document also lists skills needed for translation, such as writing ability, research, cultural awareness, language proficiency, experience, and dictionaries. Creating a good translation requires understanding grammar, vocabulary, and culture in both the source and target languages.
Translation Types
The document defines and describes various types of translation including:
- Oral and written translation which can be done consecutively or simultaneously
- Computer-assisted translation which uses computer programs to aid the human translation process
- Machine translation which uses computer programs to translate without human intervention
It also discusses different types of translation based on factors like the unit, aim, tasks/objectives, and number of translators involved. Some translation types discussed include: literal, idiomatic, committee, common language, dynamic, and thought-for-thought translations.
What do we translate
This document discusses translation methods and the challenges faced by translators. It describes translation as transferring meaning from the source language to the target language as closely, completely, and accurately as possible. This includes syntax, vocabulary, style, and phonology.
The document outlines several methods of translation, including literal vs. free translation, semantic vs. communicative translation, and formal equivalent vs. dynamic translation. It also discusses two main difficulties for translators - difficulties related to items/vocabulary and sentence structure/style. Specific challenges include words having different meanings depending in context and translating idioms.
Approaches of translation
The document discusses different types of translation, including:
1. Literal translation, which aims to maintain the form and word order of the original text as much as possible.
2. Free translation, which focuses on conveying the overall meaning through natural language forms and structures in the target language.
3. Communicative translation, which prioritizes effectively communicating the intended message to the target audience over maintaining the original form.
The document also notes that the appropriate translation technique depends on factors like the text type and whether preserving meaning or form is more important for a given text.
Translation Strategies, by Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
The document discusses translation strategies and methods. It begins by explaining the analytical and transfer phases of translation. The goal of translation is to achieve equivalent effect, where the target text has the same impact on its readers as the source text had on its readers. Global translation strategies refer to the overall approach taken, focusing more on retaining source text features or adapting for the target language/audience. Local strategies are applied to individual expressions and include direct translation techniques as well as indirect techniques involving shifts, equivalents, and other procedures.
First lecture
The document discusses different types of translation including word-for-word, literal, free, semantic, and communicative translation. It provides examples to illustrate each type and notes their strengths and weaknesses. Word-for-word and literal translations aim for lexical and structural accuracy but can result in unnatural translations. Free and communicative translations prioritize natural expression in the target language over structural accuracy from the source text. Semantic translation balances meaning and form.
The meanings of translation
Translation is an intellectual activity that involves analyzing a text to examine its function and determine the appropriate linguistic resources for conveying an equivalent message in the target language for its intended readership. It requires the translator to understand the meaning of the original message and recreate it in a clear, faithful, and accurate way in the new language. There are three types of translation according to Jakobson: intralinguistic, interlinguistic, and intersemiotic. The goal of translation is communication across languages and cultures to shorten distances and abolish borders in an increasingly globalized world.
Types of translation
There are eight types of translation: word-for-word, literal, faithful, semantic, communicative, idiomatic, adaptive, and free. Word-for-word translation preserves source language word order and translates words by their most common meanings. Communicative translation renders the exact contextual meaning of the original in a way that is readily acceptable and comprehensible to the target readership. Adaptive translation preserves themes, characters, and plots but converts the source culture to the target culture and rewrites the text.
Spanish/Mayan-English Translation of the book “Kaambal, baaxal yéetel k'iimak...
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Translation: purpose in practice
This document discusses the importance of purpose in translation. It defines purpose as conveying the original intent while accounting for cultural differences. The concept of "skopos" or aim was introduced in the 1970s to emphasize translating for a specific purpose. The document stresses that clients should clearly communicate their purpose to translators so the appropriate translator can be selected to help achieve the desired goal. It provides examples of different translation purposes such as legal documents, marketing materials, and websites that would require different translator specializations and skills. Throughout, the document underscores how understanding purpose is vital for effective collaboration between translators and clients.
Eugene nida Principles of Correspondence
Eugene Nida discusses several principles of translation. There are no perfect translations between languages as there is no complete correspondence. Translations can be either formal/literal or free/paraphrased. Key factors in translating include the message, author purpose, and audience. Formal equivalence focuses on form and content correspondence while dynamic equivalence focuses on equivalent impact and natural expression in the receptor language. Cultural and linguistic distance also impact translation difficulty.
Translation
The document discusses translation, which involves interpreting the meaning of a text in one language and producing an equivalent text in another language that conveys the same message. It notes that translation requires competence in both languages as well as the ability to choose accurate and appropriate expressions in the target language. The document also outlines trends in translation such as machine translation, computer-assisted translation, and cultural translation. It distinguishes between the training received by translators and interpreters.
TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION
Translation and interpretation involve transferring ideas between languages. Translation is the process of representing written text in one language using the words of another. Interpretation involves orally conveying messages from one language to another. Both require competency in the source and target languages as well as understanding of different fields, styles, and cultural differences between languages to accurately transfer meaning. Qualities of good translation include being able to translate back to the original language and yield the same meaning, as well as testing comprehension through questions. Interpretation requires quick oral translation and knowledge of various topics to flexibly convey messages between speakers of different languages.
Translation principles
This document provides an overview of translation studies for an intermediate Spanish language course. It defines translation as expressing the meaning of written or spoken content in another language. Translation can occur between languages, within one language, or from non-verbal to verbal forms. There are different types of translation including word-for-word, literal, balanced/idiomatic, and free translation. The final objective is for students to independently translate Spanish texts to English, including self-editing for accuracy in translation and grammar.
Types of translation
The document discusses different types of translation including: literal translation, which translates text word for word; faithful translation, which attempts to reproduce the precise meaning of the original text while using target language structures; communicative and semantic translation, which focus on message and style; idiomatic translation, which conveys meaning using equivalent idioms in the target language; adaptive translation, which takes greater freedom in translating poetry and plays; free translation, which reproduces the general meaning but not necessarily the form; and instructor Dr. Shadia Banjar.
The methodology of translation with special reference to sanskrit to persian
The methodology of translation with special reference to sanskrit to persianchandragupta bhartiy Bhartiyachandragupta
The document discusses various aspects of translation methodology with special reference to translating from Sanskrit to Persian. It begins by defining translation and outlining its purposes. It then describes different types of translation based on material, means used, and functional basis. It discusses computer-aided translation and machine translation. It identifies eight common translation techniques - word-for-word, literal, communicative, adaptive, free, idiomatic, semantic, and faithful translation. It also outlines linguistic and cultural problems in translation and conditions for good translation and translators. It concludes by stating there is no single translation method and free translation is useful for literature.Translation 1st lecture
Translation involves reproducing the meaning and style of a source language text in the target language. There are three main types of translation: intralingual (rewording within the same language), interlingual (translating between languages), and intersemiotic (translating between verbal and nonverbal sign systems). Written translation allows revising and correcting the target text, while oral translation is done simultaneously or consecutively with limited time and inability to revise. Simultaneous interpretation involves translating the source speech simultaneously as it is uttered, while consecutive interpretation involves translating after segments of the source speech.
The analysis of the text
The document discusses various translation methodology methods, levels, and techniques. It covers analyzing the source text, determining the intention of the text and translator, different reading approaches, and discourse analysis. It also describes translation on the word, literal, semantic, and communicative levels. Finally, it outlines specific translation techniques like amplification, reduction, modulation, and transposition.
Translation techniques presentation
The document discusses various technical components of the translation process. It describes translation as involving interpreting the source text, applying skills to render the meaning in the target language, and re-expressing that meaning. The document outlines different options for translation, including direct/literal translation and oblique translation. It also distinguishes between factual knowledge of languages and procedural knowledge of translation techniques.
The process of translation
This document discusses the process of translation and outlines four key levels to consider: 1) the source text level, 2) the referential level of objects/events, 3) the cohesive level of grammar/tone/presuppositions, and 4) the level of naturalness appropriate to the context. It also describes two approaches to translation - starting sentence by sentence or reading the full text first to understand tone/intent before translating, and emphasizes the importance of considering the textual, referential, cohesive, and naturalness levels for an accurate translation.
Translation Methods
This document discusses various methods of translation based on whether the emphasis is placed on the source language or the target language. It identifies word-for-word, literal, faithful, and semantic translations as focusing on the source language, while adaptation, free translation, and idiomatic translations emphasize the target language. The document states that semantic and communicative translations best fulfill the main aims of accuracy and economy. It also discusses how the type of text, such as vocative, informative, or expressive, impacts which translation method is most appropriate. Other briefly mentioned methods include service, plain prose, information, and academic translation.
The role of a translator junaid shahid
As the topic suggests, the presentation deals with the role of a translator/ interpreter. It also signifies some of the features of good translations as well as translators.
Definition of translation
Here are some guidelines for when to use literal vs communicative/dynamic translation:
- Use literal translation for legal/official documents, academic texts, where accuracy is important.
- Use communicative/dynamic translation for general texts where the focus is on naturalness in the target language/culture. The meaning should be conveyed clearly.
- For idioms, proverbs, culturally bound expressions - a literal translation may not make sense so a communicative equivalent is better.
- For informal language, conversations - a communicative translation preserves the intended tone and makes it sound natural.
- When a literal translation results in grammatically incorrect or ambiguous target text, a communicative translation is preferable.
- Dynamic
Literal translation
The document discusses literal translation, which aims to remain close to the original text's form while ensuring correct grammar in the target language. It provides definitions of literal translation from various authors, noting it prioritizes lexical correspondences and structural identity between the source and target texts. Common features are maximal closeness to the source text's meaning and structure, while conforming to target language grammar. However, some disagree on whether it can lead to unnatural translations, though others argue it is a valid technique when other methods fail.
catford
J.C. Ian Catford was a Scottish linguist born in 1917 who studied translation. He defined translation as substituting text in one language for an equivalent text in another language. Catford viewed translation as unidirectional, from the source language to the target language. He examined issues like extent, meaning, language levels, and finding equivalents in the target language. Catford differentiated between full translation, where every part of the source text is replaced, and partial translation, where some parts may be left untranslated.
Peter newmark textbook of translation
This document provides an introduction to translation principles and methodology. It discusses several key points:
- The purpose is to offer a course for students and self-learners to learn translation skills.
- Translating into one's native language allows for more natural, accurate and effective translation, though most translators work out of their native language.
- A good translator has sensitivity to language and can write their own language skillfully, more so than subject expertise. Experience improves one's writing and avoids errors.
- Many factors like author style, content, readership expectations can pull a translation in different directions, making the task complex with no single correct solution. The goal is a satisfactory translation that can always be improved
Theories and concepts about translation
This document discusses theories and concepts about translation in the new century. It covers translation as a human activity that enables idea exchange across languages. Translation involves aspects of philosophy, linguistics, psychology and sociology. It is viewed as both an art and a science requiring language structure knowledge and artistic skill. The possibility and challenges of translation are examined, especially between written vs oral cultures. Criteria for a good translation include conveying ideas, structure, culture and being easily understood while preserving literary subtleties. Knowledge of source language grammar and vocabulary is important.
Translating process
Translation has been proposed as a method for teaching and learning foreign languages by having students translate texts into the foreign language. However, critics argued that translation interferes with the natural language learning process. While controversial, translation continues to be widely used in foreign language classrooms as a technique to develop language proficiency and promote understanding of linguistic differences and similarities between languages. Translation can trigger discussions about language and culture that involve intercultural communication skills.
Translating_and_Interpreting..pdf or ppt
This document discusses various topics related to translation, including definitions, procedures, methods, problems, and categories of translation. It summarizes different scholars' perspectives on translation, such as Newmark, Bassnett, and Gentzler. It also outlines Nida's translating procedures, Newmark's distinction between translation methods and procedures, and various translation methods proposed by Newmark, including word-for-word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, adaptation translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation. The document also discusses full vs. partial translation and total vs. restricted translation. Finally, it briefly covers types of interpreting, interpreting skills, ethics, strategies/testing, and quality criteria.
Translation theory and practice
This document discusses translation theory and types of translation. It begins by defining translation as conveying meaning between languages and discusses translation studies as an interdisciplinary academic field. It then outlines several types of translation - free translation which conveys general meaning without strict form, literal translation which translates word-for-word, and communicative/dynamic translation which renders contextual meaning comprehensibly. The document also discusses criteria for quality translation including accuracy, clarity and naturalness.
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Spanish/Mayan-English Translation of the book “Kaambal, baaxal yéetel k'iimak...
Spanish/Mayan-English Translation of the book “Kaambal, baaxal yéetel k'iimak óolal” with a detailed explanation of the techniques used by Anahí Ramírez.
Translation: purpose in practice
This document discusses the importance of purpose in translation. It defines purpose as conveying the original intent while accounting for cultural differences. The concept of "skopos" or aim was introduced in the 1970s to emphasize translating for a specific purpose. The document stresses that clients should clearly communicate their purpose to translators so the appropriate translator can be selected to help achieve the desired goal. It provides examples of different translation purposes such as legal documents, marketing materials, and websites that would require different translator specializations and skills. Throughout, the document underscores how understanding purpose is vital for effective collaboration between translators and clients.
Eugene nida Principles of Correspondence
Eugene Nida discusses several principles of translation. There are no perfect translations between languages as there is no complete correspondence. Translations can be either formal/literal or free/paraphrased. Key factors in translating include the message, author purpose, and audience. Formal equivalence focuses on form and content correspondence while dynamic equivalence focuses on equivalent impact and natural expression in the receptor language. Cultural and linguistic distance also impact translation difficulty.
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The document discusses translation, which involves interpreting the meaning of a text in one language and producing an equivalent text in another language that conveys the same message. It notes that translation requires competence in both languages as well as the ability to choose accurate and appropriate expressions in the target language. The document also outlines trends in translation such as machine translation, computer-assisted translation, and cultural translation. It distinguishes between the training received by translators and interpreters.
TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION
Translation and interpretation involve transferring ideas between languages. Translation is the process of representing written text in one language using the words of another. Interpretation involves orally conveying messages from one language to another. Both require competency in the source and target languages as well as understanding of different fields, styles, and cultural differences between languages to accurately transfer meaning. Qualities of good translation include being able to translate back to the original language and yield the same meaning, as well as testing comprehension through questions. Interpretation requires quick oral translation and knowledge of various topics to flexibly convey messages between speakers of different languages.
Translation principles
This document provides an overview of translation studies for an intermediate Spanish language course. It defines translation as expressing the meaning of written or spoken content in another language. Translation can occur between languages, within one language, or from non-verbal to verbal forms. There are different types of translation including word-for-word, literal, balanced/idiomatic, and free translation. The final objective is for students to independently translate Spanish texts to English, including self-editing for accuracy in translation and grammar.
Types of translation
The document discusses different types of translation including: literal translation, which translates text word for word; faithful translation, which attempts to reproduce the precise meaning of the original text while using target language structures; communicative and semantic translation, which focus on message and style; idiomatic translation, which conveys meaning using equivalent idioms in the target language; adaptive translation, which takes greater freedom in translating poetry and plays; free translation, which reproduces the general meaning but not necessarily the form; and instructor Dr. Shadia Banjar.
The methodology of translation with special reference to sanskrit to persian
The methodology of translation with special reference to sanskrit to persianchandragupta bhartiy Bhartiyachandragupta
The document discusses various aspects of translation methodology with special reference to translating from Sanskrit to Persian. It begins by defining translation and outlining its purposes. It then describes different types of translation based on material, means used, and functional basis. It discusses computer-aided translation and machine translation. It identifies eight common translation techniques - word-for-word, literal, communicative, adaptive, free, idiomatic, semantic, and faithful translation. It also outlines linguistic and cultural problems in translation and conditions for good translation and translators. It concludes by stating there is no single translation method and free translation is useful for literature.Translation 1st lecture
Translation involves reproducing the meaning and style of a source language text in the target language. There are three main types of translation: intralingual (rewording within the same language), interlingual (translating between languages), and intersemiotic (translating between verbal and nonverbal sign systems). Written translation allows revising and correcting the target text, while oral translation is done simultaneously or consecutively with limited time and inability to revise. Simultaneous interpretation involves translating the source speech simultaneously as it is uttered, while consecutive interpretation involves translating after segments of the source speech.
The analysis of the text
The document discusses various translation methodology methods, levels, and techniques. It covers analyzing the source text, determining the intention of the text and translator, different reading approaches, and discourse analysis. It also describes translation on the word, literal, semantic, and communicative levels. Finally, it outlines specific translation techniques like amplification, reduction, modulation, and transposition.
Translation techniques presentation
The document discusses various technical components of the translation process. It describes translation as involving interpreting the source text, applying skills to render the meaning in the target language, and re-expressing that meaning. The document outlines different options for translation, including direct/literal translation and oblique translation. It also distinguishes between factual knowledge of languages and procedural knowledge of translation techniques.
The process of translation
This document discusses the process of translation and outlines four key levels to consider: 1) the source text level, 2) the referential level of objects/events, 3) the cohesive level of grammar/tone/presuppositions, and 4) the level of naturalness appropriate to the context. It also describes two approaches to translation - starting sentence by sentence or reading the full text first to understand tone/intent before translating, and emphasizes the importance of considering the textual, referential, cohesive, and naturalness levels for an accurate translation.
Translation Methods
This document discusses various methods of translation based on whether the emphasis is placed on the source language or the target language. It identifies word-for-word, literal, faithful, and semantic translations as focusing on the source language, while adaptation, free translation, and idiomatic translations emphasize the target language. The document states that semantic and communicative translations best fulfill the main aims of accuracy and economy. It also discusses how the type of text, such as vocative, informative, or expressive, impacts which translation method is most appropriate. Other briefly mentioned methods include service, plain prose, information, and academic translation.
The role of a translator junaid shahid
As the topic suggests, the presentation deals with the role of a translator/ interpreter. It also signifies some of the features of good translations as well as translators.
Definition of translation
Here are some guidelines for when to use literal vs communicative/dynamic translation:
- Use literal translation for legal/official documents, academic texts, where accuracy is important.
- Use communicative/dynamic translation for general texts where the focus is on naturalness in the target language/culture. The meaning should be conveyed clearly.
- For idioms, proverbs, culturally bound expressions - a literal translation may not make sense so a communicative equivalent is better.
- For informal language, conversations - a communicative translation preserves the intended tone and makes it sound natural.
- When a literal translation results in grammatically incorrect or ambiguous target text, a communicative translation is preferable.
- Dynamic
Literal translation
The document discusses literal translation, which aims to remain close to the original text's form while ensuring correct grammar in the target language. It provides definitions of literal translation from various authors, noting it prioritizes lexical correspondences and structural identity between the source and target texts. Common features are maximal closeness to the source text's meaning and structure, while conforming to target language grammar. However, some disagree on whether it can lead to unnatural translations, though others argue it is a valid technique when other methods fail.
catford
J.C. Ian Catford was a Scottish linguist born in 1917 who studied translation. He defined translation as substituting text in one language for an equivalent text in another language. Catford viewed translation as unidirectional, from the source language to the target language. He examined issues like extent, meaning, language levels, and finding equivalents in the target language. Catford differentiated between full translation, where every part of the source text is replaced, and partial translation, where some parts may be left untranslated.
Peter newmark textbook of translation
This document provides an introduction to translation principles and methodology. It discusses several key points:
- The purpose is to offer a course for students and self-learners to learn translation skills.
- Translating into one's native language allows for more natural, accurate and effective translation, though most translators work out of their native language.
- A good translator has sensitivity to language and can write their own language skillfully, more so than subject expertise. Experience improves one's writing and avoids errors.
- Many factors like author style, content, readership expectations can pull a translation in different directions, making the task complex with no single correct solution. The goal is a satisfactory translation that can always be improved
Theories and concepts about translation
This document discusses theories and concepts about translation in the new century. It covers translation as a human activity that enables idea exchange across languages. Translation involves aspects of philosophy, linguistics, psychology and sociology. It is viewed as both an art and a science requiring language structure knowledge and artistic skill. The possibility and challenges of translation are examined, especially between written vs oral cultures. Criteria for a good translation include conveying ideas, structure, culture and being easily understood while preserving literary subtleties. Knowledge of source language grammar and vocabulary is important.
Translating process
Translation has been proposed as a method for teaching and learning foreign languages by having students translate texts into the foreign language. However, critics argued that translation interferes with the natural language learning process. While controversial, translation continues to be widely used in foreign language classrooms as a technique to develop language proficiency and promote understanding of linguistic differences and similarities between languages. Translation can trigger discussions about language and culture that involve intercultural communication skills.
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This document discusses various topics related to translation, including definitions, procedures, methods, problems, and categories of translation. It summarizes different scholars' perspectives on translation, such as Newmark, Bassnett, and Gentzler. It also outlines Nida's translating procedures, Newmark's distinction between translation methods and procedures, and various translation methods proposed by Newmark, including word-for-word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic translation, adaptation translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative translation. The document also discusses full vs. partial translation and total vs. restricted translation. Finally, it briefly covers types of interpreting, interpreting skills, ethics, strategies/testing, and quality criteria.
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This document discusses pedagogical uses of translation and arguments for and against its use in language learning. It presents arguments that translation has been widely used to test student proficiency and is a feature of the grammar-translation method, but it may interfere with natural language acquisition and produce "compound bilingualism." Current issues discussed include translation as an intercultural activity and how translators can express socio-political stances.
Humberto monografia pdf
This document is a research proposal for translating a document about teaching inferential comprehension strategies in English L2 and their impact on Spanish L1. The proposal provides background on translation and defines it. It discusses the rationale, objectives, and significance of translating this document. The literature review covers important translation techniques like direct (word-for-word, literal, linguistic borrowing, calque) and indirect/oblique (transposition, modulation, equivalence, adaptation, reduction, omission). The methods section outlines the translation process using Vinay and Dalbernet's techniques, including understanding the text, drafting, revising, and contrasting with the original. References and a timetable are also included.
Topics.pptx
This document discusses different definitions and perspectives of translation. It defines translation as substituting text from one language to an equivalent text in another language. Translation is also defined as replacing a written message from one language to another while maintaining the same meaning. Additionally, translation involves studying elements of the source language text like lexicon, grammar, culture to determine meaning, then reconstructing that meaning using appropriate elements of the target language and its culture. The document also outlines various types of translations like technical, scientific, literary, and media translations. It provides an overview of the translation process including initial analysis of the text, translating in short chunks, accuracy checking, taking a break, and final polishing. Essential translator skills are also listed.
traduccion
This document provides an introduction to translation, including definitions and concepts. It defines translation as the interpretation of meaning from a source text and production of an equivalent target text in another language. An example is given of a missionary simplifying a theological concept for local people. Good translation requires understanding both languages fully as well as the context and culture, and is not simply a word-for-word process. Technical translation in particular demands attention to detail and subject matter expertise. Translators work to change information between languages in writing, with activities including research, translation, proofreading, and client communication.
terminos de traduccion
This document provides an introduction to translation, including definitions and concepts. It defines translation as the interpretation of meaning from a source text and production of an equivalent target text in another language. An example is given of a missionary simplifying a theological concept for local people. Good translation requires understanding both languages fully as well as the context and culture, and is not simply a word-for-word process. Technical translation demands attention to detail and subject matter expertise. Translators work to change information between languages in specialized fields like medicine or computers.
Different aspects of translation
The document discusses different aspects of translation including:
- Definitions of translation as transferring meaning from a source language to a target language.
- The skills required of a translator including language proficiency and subject matter knowledge.
- The translation process of decoding meaning and re-encoding in the target language.
- Approaches to translation such as formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence.
- Factors that contribute to a successful translation.
- Types of translations including literary, commercial, technical and more.
Diapos 5 y 6
This document discusses the role of translation in language learning and approaches to teaching translation. It notes that translation was once viewed suspiciously in language learning but is now seen as a useful tool that can help develop communicative competence. The document advocates for using translation to make learners reflect on similarities and differences between their first and second languages. It also discusses overt and covert translation between cultures and the complex cognitive process involved in translation.
Micro-Linguistics Perspective in the Translation of Sensitive Issues of Sūrah...
The study aims at examining the problems the Qurʾān translators encounter while translating the Qurʾān. It is based on the translation of professional translator namely, Yusuf Ali. The translated text is compared to the original text to determine to which extent the translation reflects the real meaning of the original Qurʾānic text. In short, the study sets out to identify the problematic areas in the translated Qurʾānic texts on the syntactic and semantic levels.
Introduction to Translation Theory
This document discusses translation theory and practice. It defines translation as conveying meaning between languages and discusses why translation is important for connecting global economies and spreading ideas. The document outlines different types of translation including free translation, literal translation, and communicative translation. It also discusses characteristics of good translations and translators, including accuracy, clarity, naturalness, passion, and translation skills. Finally, it summarizes John Dryden's three types of translation and Roman Jakobson's three forms of translation.
Virtual research project presentation 2013
This document provides information about Estefania Amairady Cabrera Morales' translation research project. The project involves translating the paper "Cultural Perspectives in Reading: Theory and Research" from English to Spanish. The summary aims to make the research on the connection between culture and reading comprehension accessible to Spanish-speaking teachers and scholars. The translation will use techniques from various translation schools, including literal translation, transposition, modulation, and equivalence. The project aims to help Spanish readers by providing important information about reading that may help improve reading scores in Mexico.
Mekheimer
The document discusses different approaches to translation, including form-oriented, content-oriented, and interpretive methods. It also discusses evaluating translation quality using mentalist, response-based, and text/discourse approaches. Key aspects of teaching translation are exposed students to intensive exercises highlighting linguistic and conceptual difficulties, teaching source and target language systems, and focusing on developing cognitive skills like generating closest natural equivalences rather than just building linguistic skills.
Translation Studies
This document discusses the history and theories of translation. It summarizes several key theorists and models of translation. Jakobson categorized translation into three types: intralingual translation (within a language), interlingual translation (between languages), and intersemiotic translation (across sign systems). The document also outlines the stages in the development of translation theory from the linguistic stage to the current ethical/aesthetic stage. Finally, it discusses various approaches to translation based on prioritizing the source language or target language, such as word-for-word translation or communicative translation.
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Micro-Linguistics Perspective in the Translation of Sensitive Issues of Sūrah...
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The meanings of translation
- 1. THE MEANINGS OF TRANSLATION BY LIBARDO OSPINO