The document discusses the role and process of translation. It notes that translation facilitates communication between speakers of different languages and was traditionally used as a pedagogical tool in language learning. However, some reformers argued that translation hinders the development of oral language skills and is an unnatural activity. The document then examines different perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of using translation in language teaching.

1. MARIA DE LOURDES BORBONIO MORALES

2. Translation may be needed to facility communication
between speakers of different languages who would
otherwise not understand one another.
Translation has been put for a long time is pedagogic: has
been proposed as a means for learning and teaching foreign
language.
Whereas the pedagogic use of translation focused on the
written language, these reformers emphasized the
importance, indeed the primacy, of the spoken mode of the
foreign language, and took decided stance against the
dominating role of translation in foreign language teaching.
Translation per se was claimed to be not only an unnatural
activity but a highly specialized one, was a hindrance to the
desired development of the four basic skills: listening,
speaking, reading, and writing.

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The name suggest, translation is a key a feature in the so-called
grammar-translation method, which gained importance in Europe
from the early nineteenth century onwards. The link between
grammar and translation meant that grammatical rules were learnt
through their application in the translation of mostly disconnected,
artificially constructed sentences.
Advantages: translation helps in the development of proficiency
by economically and unambiguously explaining the meaning of
foreign language items
in exploiting their knowledge of a language they are already
familiar whit translation activities
Translation promotes explicit knowledge about the foreign language
and helps develop awareness of differences and similarities
between the native and the foreign language systems

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Translation cat act as a trigger for raising
awareness of language because it creates many
opportunities for reflection on contrast and
similarities between languages at various
linguistic levels. Comparative textual analysis in
translation activities can also unmask ideologies
and other ‘hidden agendas’ confront learners whit
the limits of translatability
Language awareness enhanced by translation has
also broader educational benefits since it
promotes cross- cultural understanding
Translation activities can be used to develop
commutative competence in a foreign language
To convert pedagogical translation into
communicatively ‘real’ acts, hey need to be
embedded in (simulated) communicative situation
relevant to learners

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Translation is both a linguistic and a cultural activity
involving communication across cultures
In avert translation, intercultural transfer is explicitly
present and so likely to be perceived by recipients.
They are present and so likely to be perceived by
recipients. They are presented with aspects of
foreign culture dressed in their own language, and
are thus invited to enter into an intercultural
Translation this point of view function as
‘interventions’ and legitimate ways of removing
perceived social an political injustices.

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The term translation is ambiguous.
However, we want to have more direct evidence of translator’s
mental processes in text comprehension, interpretation,
restructuring and rewording, we need to have more that the
translated text to work on.
One method used in this internal or process approach to
translation s to ask translation what they are thinning while
they are translating. This is known as thinking aloud or
introspection.
Verbal reports also known as think aloud protocols elicited from
translation are usually tape, transcribed, and often also
presented to the translator at some later stage for moment and
evaluation.
In using the term process of translation, we must bear In mind
that we are here dealing not just whit one particular unitary
process but whit a complex series or problem-solving and
decision making operations

7. 
A corpus is a collection of texts, selected
ad compiled according to specific criteria.
The texts are held in an electronic format
that allows different kids of software to be
used to analyse them in various ways

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Globalization processes have not only had an
impact on world economy and international
politics, they have also dramatically altered
the roe of translation in the modern word.
In sum, globalization has led and explosion of
demand for translation