The MDGs after the Crisis
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The document summarizes key points from a joint World Bank and IMF report on progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It finds that while poverty reduction was occurring prior to the 2008 crisis, the crisis negatively impacted developing countries, especially in Africa. Progress on health and education goals was mixed, with fragile states making the least progress. Maintaining momentum on the MDGs will require policy reforms in developing countries as well as continued support through development assistance, trade, and international financial institutions.
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Global Economic Issues topic 4
Globalization has impacted standards of living in various ways. While there remain large inequalities between wealthy and poor countries, living standards have generally improved due to factors like global trade and financial integration. However, globalization has also reinforced inequalities through an international trade system and global financial architecture that favor developed nations. Domestic factors like natural resources, education levels, and institutions also contribute to differences in living standards between countries.
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A world-to-gain-en-1(2)
This document outlines a new agenda for aid, trade, and investment. It notes shifts in global power, interconnectedness, patterns of poverty, and roles. Three types of bilateral relationships are identified: 1) Aid relationships focus on countries unable to reduce poverty alone, 2) Transitional relationships combine aid and trade to benefit developing and Dutch economies, 3) Trade relationships promote Dutch trade and investment. The agenda aims to eradicate extreme poverty, enable sustainable inclusive growth worldwide, and support Dutch companies abroad through coherent policy, new forms of cooperation, financing, and spending cuts.
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- 1. A Joint Report by the World Bank and IMF
- 2. Why achieve the MDGs…
- 8. Fragile states made the least progress .
- 10. Low emissions in poor countries will start to grow… the opportunity to intervene is now…
- 12. As a result… no large GDP contraction (red) for many low-income countries in 2009
- 15. The crisis sharply reduced wage earnings in many middle-income countries
- 16. Households above the $1.25 a day poverty line in higher-income developing countries coped by
- 17. If the recovery weakens and developing countries slide, history says human cost could be very high
- 19. Economic and policy environment tumbles during downswings
- 20. It’s the frequency of downturns in Africa’s past that produces very negative results Frequency of growth acceleration and deceleration, growth rates, and GDP per c apita
- 29. We can do better