FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
This presentation provides a high level introduction to the area of EDI before then giving a brief introduction to each area of the site. The website provides a wealth of resources and downloads including message standards, industry specific EDI standards, communication protocols and the many different ways in which EDI services can be deployed across the extended enterprise. www.edibasics.co.uk – Updated April 2013
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Overcoming Security Threats and Vulnerabilities in SharePointAntonioMaio2
How vulnerable are your SharePoint sites? Microsoft SharePoint provides features and capabilities enabling you to secure content, control authentication and authorize access to critical business information. Choosing the capabilities to make use of, configuring them and understanding their impact can be complex. During this Roundtable session you will learn about the key security features available and the best practices for using them. We will begin by talking about the business reasons that organizations need to consider when securing enterprise content, and we will then review specific capabilities available within Microsoft SharePoint, along with recommendations for using them. Throughout the session, you’ll hear examples of best practices used by large commercial enterprise, government and military to secure content within SharePoint.
This presentation provides a high level introduction to the area of EDI before then giving a brief introduction to each area of the site. The website provides a wealth of resources and downloads including message standards, industry specific EDI standards, communication protocols and the many different ways in which EDI services can be deployed across the extended enterprise. www.edibasics.co.uk – Updated April 2013
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Overcoming Security Threats and Vulnerabilities in SharePointAntonioMaio2
How vulnerable are your SharePoint sites? Microsoft SharePoint provides features and capabilities enabling you to secure content, control authentication and authorize access to critical business information. Choosing the capabilities to make use of, configuring them and understanding their impact can be complex. During this Roundtable session you will learn about the key security features available and the best practices for using them. We will begin by talking about the business reasons that organizations need to consider when securing enterprise content, and we will then review specific capabilities available within Microsoft SharePoint, along with recommendations for using them. Throughout the session, you’ll hear examples of best practices used by large commercial enterprise, government and military to secure content within SharePoint.
Pourquoi un site web collaboratif communautaire inter-entreprises ?
- Présentation des besoins exprimés par les DSI - Approche ... de l'extranet au site communautaire - Introduction du Cloud avec visite du DATA Center (ASP Server) - Présentation plateforme solution avec étude de cas fictive : CG + Ville 2.0 + communauté urbaine + CCI + transport + énergie + organismes d’État
- Prise en compte de la mobilité (smartphone & tablettes) - Questions/réponses avec consultants Sogeti, Calinda et ASP SERVEUR
TheCodingMachine partage ses expériences dans la conception d’une solution Extranet que ce soit en termes de développement ou d’ergonomie pour le confort des utilisateurs. Nous avons répertorié un certain nombre de bonnes pratiques pour répondre à un besoin métier à l’attention d’utilisateurs extérieurs à la société.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithm Part 2FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Episode 38 : Bin and Hopper Design
< 1960s storage bins were designed by guessing
Then in 1960s A.W. Jenike changed all.- He developed theory, methods to apply, inc. the eqns. And measurement of necessary particles properties.
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Chapter 7 Networks and Communication Devices.docxrobertad6
Chapter 7
Networks and
Communication Devices
Key Topics
Basic Concepts & Terminology
Types of Networks
Network Media
Network Protocols
Network Hardware
2
Basic Concepts & Terminology
Network is a collection of objects or people which have some common attributes.
Computer Network is a collection of computers and other hardware devices which are connected together.
In a computer network, users can:
Share hardware (printers, scanners etc.)
Share software (Google, MyGUST, Office365 etc.)
Exchange Data (Dropbox, iCloud, OneDrive etc.)
Electronically Communicate with Others (text messaging, voice messaging, video messaging etc.)
3
Basic Concepts & Terminology
When devices are connected and ready to send/receive data, they are said to be Online.
When devices are not connected or not ready to send/receive data, they are said to be Offline.
When a device sends data, the action is also called Transmission.
When data is sent to a large number of devices, it is called Broadcast.
When data is copied to another device, the action is called Upload.
When data is copied from another device, the action is called Download.
4
Architecture is the way networks are designed to communicate
Client Server Networks
Client: PC or other
device on the network
that requests and
utilizes network
resources
Server: Computer
dedicated to
processing client
requests
5
Types of Networks – Architecture
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have all computers at the same level
Internet peer-to-peer computing is performed via Internet
6
Types of Networks – Architecture
Local Area Network (LAN)
Small geographical area (office, campus, etc.)
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Connects personal devices for one individual,
such as his or her portable PC, mobile phone, and
portable printer
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Large geographical area (Internet)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Serves a metropolitan area
Municipal Wi-Fi projects
7
Types of Networks – Location
Intranet
Internal or Private to an organization
Is only accessible to members of the organization
SIS, Email, MyGUST are Intranet applications
Internet
Is a Public network
Is accessible to every one
GUST website is an Internet application
Extranet
Internal network providing some access to outsiders
Individuals outside the organization have limited access
Examples of Extranet?
8
Types of Networks – Accessibility
Types of Networks – Others
Virtual Private Network
Secure path over the Internet that
provide authorized users a secure
means of accessing a private network.
Sensor Networks
Contain sensors that respond to a stimulus and
generate an electrical signal that can be measured or interpreted.
Smart thermostats, lights, locks, gates are examples of sensor networks.
GUST ID is also used as part of sensor network which recognizes cards through RFID.
9
Network Media
Wired Media
The PC is physically cabled to the network
Common in schools, businesses, and government facilities
.
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Production and Operation Management Lecture NotesFellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithm Part 4FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithm Part 1FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Limits and Continuity - Intuitive Approach part 3FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Limits and Continuity - Intuitive Approach part 2FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Limits and Continuity - Intuitive Approach part 1FellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. An Overview of
Telecommunications and Networks
Telecommunications: the electronic
transmission of signals for communications
Telecommunications medium: anything that
carries an electronic signal and interfaces
between a sending device and a receiving
device
7. Networks
Computernetwork: the communications
media, devices, and software needed to
connect two or more computer systems or
devices
Networknodes: the computers and devices on
the networks
8. Basic Processing Strategies
Centralized processing: all processing occurs
in a single location or facility
Decentralized processing: processing devices
are placed at various remote locations
Distributed processing: computers are placed
at remote locations but connected to each
other via a network
9. Terminal-to-Host, File Server, and
Client/Server Systems
Connecting computers in distributed
information processing:
Terminal-to-host: the application and database
reside on one host computer, and the user
interacts with the application and data using a
“dumb” terminal
File server: the application and database reside
on the one host computer, called the file server
Client/server: multiple computer platforms are
dedicated to special functions, such as database
management, printing, communications, and
program execution
11. Network Types
Personal area network (PAN)
Local area network (LAN)
Metropolitan area network (MAN)
Wide area network (WAN)
International network
14. Communications Software and
Protocols
Communications software: software that
provides a number of important functions in a
network, such as error checking and data
security
Network operating system (NOS)
Network management software
Communications protocol: a standard set of
rules that controls a telecommunications
connection
17. Use and Functioning of the
Internet
Internet: a collection of interconnected
networks, all freely exchanging information
ARPANET
The ancestor of the Internet
A project started by the U.S. Department of
Defense (DoD) in 1969
Internet Protocol (IP): communication
standard that enables traffic to be routed from
one network to another as needed
18. How the Internet Works
The Internet transmits data from one computer
(called a ho st) to another
If the receiving computer is on a network to
which the first computer is directly connected,
it can send the message directly
If the receiving computer is not on a network
to which the sending computer is connected,
the sending computer relays the message to
another computer that can forward it
19. The Internet
The internet
A network of networks
The internet transmits data from one computer
(called a host) to another
Internet networks
Linked networks that work much the same way --
they pass data around in packets, each of which
carries the addresses of its sender and receiver
20.
21. Internet
Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet
is
decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is
independent. Its operators can choose which Internet services to
use and which local services to make available to the global
Internet
community. Remarkably, this anarchy by design works
exceedingly
There are a variety of ways to access the Internet. It is also
possible to
22. How the Internet Works
Transport control protocol (TCP)
A protocol that operates at the transport layer and is
used in combination with IP by most Internet
applications
Backbone
An Internet high-speed, long distance
communications links (like a bus; wire that connects
nodes)
Uniform resource locator (URL)
An assigned address on the Internet for each
computer
E.g., http://www.yorku.ca/
23. Domain Affiliations
Domain Affiliations
arts cultural and entertainment activities
com business organizations
edu educational sites
firm businesses and firms
gov government sites
info information service providers
mil military sites
nom individuals
net networking organizations
org organizations
rec recreational activities
store businesses offering goods for purchase
web entities related to World Wide Web activities
net networking organizations
24. Access to the Internet
LAN servers
Local servers can provide access to the Internet through
normal connections (e.g., Ethernet)
Serial line internet protocol (SLIP) and
Point-to-point protocol (PPP)
Communications protocol software that transmits packets over
telephone lines, allowing dial-up access to the Internet
Connection via an on-line service
Examples are America Online and Microsoft Network. These
services usually require sign-up procedures
26. Internet Service Providers
Internet service provider (ISP)
Any company that provides individuals or
companies with access to the Internet
Thousands of providers including large
communications companies
Need an account with the ISP and software that
links with TCP/IP
27. Internet Services
E-mail
Telnet
FTP
Usenet and newsgroups
Chat rooms
Internet phone
Internet videoconferencing
Content streaming
28. Internet Services
Internet telephony
Also called voice-over-IP (VOIP)
Technology that enables network managers to route
phone calls and fax transmissions over the same
network they use for data
29.
30. What is VOIP ?
Internet telephony is a category of hardware and software that
enables people to use the Internet as the transmission medium for
telephone calls. For users who have free, or fixed-price, Internet
access, Internet telephony software essentially provides free
telephone calls anywhere in the world. To date, however, Internet
telephony does not offer the same quality of telephone service as
direct telephone connections.
There are many Internet telephony applications available. Some,
like CoolTalk and NetMeeting, come bundled with popular Web
browsers. Others are stand-alone products. Internet telephony
products are sometimes called IP telephony, Voice over the Internet
(VOI) or Voice over IP (VOIP) products.
31. Content Streaming
Content streaming
A method for transferring multimedia files over the
Internet so that the data stream of voice and pictures
plays continuously, without a break, or very few of
them
It also enables users to browse large files in real time
32. The World Wide Web
World Wide Web
A collection of tens of thousands of independently-
owned computers that work together as one in an
Internet service
33. WWW Terminology
Home page
The cover page for a Web site that has graphics,
titles, coloured text, etc.
Hypermedia
Tools that connect the data on Web pages, allowing
users to access topics in whatever order they wish
Hypertext markup language (HTML)
The standard page description language for Web
pages
34. WWW Terminology
Web browser
Software that creates a unique hypermedia-based
menu on your computer screen and provides a
graphical interface to the Web
Web page
A screen of information sent to a requesting user and
presented through a browser
Applet
A small program embedded in Web pages
36. 36
The World Wide Web
The Web, WWW or W3
A menu-based system that uses the
client/server model
Organizes Internet resources throughout the
world into a series of menu pages, or screens,
that appear on your computer
Hypermedia: tools that connect the data on
Web pages, allowing users to access topics in
whatever order they want
37. 37
The World Wide Web
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): the
standard page description language for Web
pages
HTML tags: codes that let the browser know
how to format the text on a Web page and
whether images, sound, and other elements
should be inserted
38. Search Engines
Search engines
A search tool for the Web (like card catalogs in
libraries)
E.g.,
Google.com
Yahoo.com
Rediff.com
39. Java
Java
An object-oriented programming language
Developed by Sun Microsystems
Based on C++
Allows small programs -- applets -- to be
embedded within an HTML document
40. Applets
Applets are small java programs that are
downloaded from the server to the local
machine
41. 41
Developing Web Content
Products that greatly simplify the creation of a
Web page
For example: .NET platform
Content management system (CMS)
Web services
42. 42
Web Services
Standards and tools that streamline and
simplify communication among Web sites for
business and personal purposes
Can also be used to develop new systems to
send and receive secure messages between
healthcare facilities, doctors, and patients,
while maintaining patient privacy
43. Push Technology
Push technology
Technology that enables users to automatically
receive information over the Internet rather than
searching for it using a browser
Also called Webcasting
E.g.,
PointCast
InterMind
44. Webcasting ‘Discussion’
Using the Internet, and the World Wide Web in particular, to
broadcast information. Unlike typical surfing, which relies on a
pull
method of transferring Web pages, webcasting uses push
technologies.
45. What is Push ?
In client/server applications, to send data to a client without
the client requesting it. The World Wide Web is based on a pull
technology where the client browser must request a Web page
before it is sent. Broadcast media, on the other hand, are push
technologies because they send information out regardless of
whether anyone is tuned in.
Increasingly, companies are using the Internet to deliver
information
push-style. One of the most successful examples of this is
PointCast, which delivers customized news to users' desktops.
46. Push Mail
Probably the oldest and most widely used push technology is e-
mail.
This is a push technology because you receive mail whether you
ask
for it or not -- that is, the sender pushes the message to the
receiver.
47. Intranets and Extranets
Intranet
An internal corporate network built using Internet and
World Wide Web standards and products that allows
employees of an organization to gain access to
corporate information
Extranet
A network based on Web technologies that links
selected resources of the intranet of a company with
its customers, suppliers, or other business partners
48. What is Intranet ?
A network based on TCP/IP protocols (an internet) belonging to
an
organization, usually a corporation, accessible only by the
organization's members, employees, or others with authorization.
An
intranet's Web sites look and act just like any other Web sites, but
the firewall surrounding an intranet fends off unauthorized
access.
Like the Internet itself, intranets are used to share information.
Secure intranets are now the fastest-growing segment of the
Internet because they are much less expensive to build and
manage
than private networks based on proprietary protocols.
49. What is Extranet ?
A new buzzword that refers to an intranet that is partially
accessible to authorized outsiders. Whereas an intranet resides
behind a firewall and is accessible only to people who are
members
of the same company or organization, an extranet provides
various
levels of accessibility to outsiders. You can access an extranet
only
if you have a valid username and password, and your identity
determines which parts of the extranet you can view.
Extranets are becoming a very popular means for business
partners
to exchange information.
50. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A secure connection between two points across the
Internet
Tunneling
The process by which VPNs transfer information by
encapsulating traffic in IP packets and sending the
packets over the Internet
51.
52. VPN
Short for virtual private network, a network that is constructed by
using public wires to connect nodes. For example, there are a
number of systems that enable you to create networks using the
Internet as the medium for transporting data. These systems use
encryption and other security mechanisms to ensure that only
authorized users can access the network and that the data
cannot
be intercepted.
53. Tunneling
A technology that enables one network to send its data via
another
network's connections. Tunneling works by encapsulating a
network
protocol within packets carried by the second network. For
example,
Microsoft's PPTP technology enables organizations to use the
Internet to transmit data across a virtual private network (VPN). It
does this by embedding its own network protocol within the
TCP/IP
packets carried by the Internet. (Note: PPTP = point-to-point
tunneling
protocol)
54. Internet Issues
Management issues
No centralized governing body for the Internet
Service bottlenecks
Phenomenal growth has left a service void
Providers underestimating computing power
needed
Reconciling router addresses needed to
transverse the network
55. Privacy & Security
Cryptography
The process of converting a message into a secret code and
changing the encoded message back to regular text
Encryption
The original conversion of a message into a secret code
Digital Signature
An encryption technique used for online financial transactions
56. Have a
nice day…
Have a
nice day…
Encryption
software
running on
sending
computer
Decryption
software
running on
Receiving
computer
E%$&:”}{|…
57. Firewalls
Firewalls
A method of preventing unauthorized access between
a company’s computers and the Internet (looks at the
header of a packet)
Assured pipeline
An Internet security method that looks at the entire
request for data and then determines whether the
request is valid
58. Firewall
A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a
private network. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware
and
software, or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used
to
prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private
networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. All
messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the
firewall,
which examines each message and blocks those that do not
meet
59. Firewall
There are several types of firewall techniques:
Packet filter: Looks at each packet entering or leaving the network
and accepts or rejects it based on user-defined rules. Packet filtering
is fairly effective and transparent to users, but it is difficult to configure.
In addition, it is susceptible to IP spoofing.
Application gateway: Applies security mechanisms to specific
applications, such as FTP and Telnet servers. This is very effective,
but can impose a performance degradation.
Circuit-level gateway: Applies security mechanisms when a TCP or
UDP connection is established. Once the connection has been made,
packets can flow between the hosts without further checking.
Proxy server: Intercepts all messages entering and leaving the
network. The proxy server effectively hides the true network
addresses.
60. Firewall
In practice, many firewalls use two or more of these techniques
in
concert.
A firewall is considered a first line of defense in protecting private
information. For greater security, data can be encrypted.
61. Summary
Telecommunications is the electronic
transmission of signals for communications
A computer network consists of the
communications media, devices, and software
needed to connect two or more computer
systems or devices
Ways of connecting computers in distributed
information processing: terminal-to-host, file
server, and client/server
62. Summary (continued)
Network types: personal area network (PAN),
local area network (LAN), metropolitan area
network (MAN), wide area network (WAN),
and international network
The Internet is a collection of interconnected
networks, all freely exchanging information
Internet Protocol (IP) is a communication
standard that enables traffic to be routed from
one network to another as needed
63. Summary (continued)
Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is an
assigned address on the Internet for each
computer
An intranet is an internal corporate network
built using Internet and World Wide Web
standards and protocols
An extranet is a network based on Web
technologies that links selected resources of a
company’s intranet with its customers,
suppliers, or other business partners