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The Industrial Revolution

        CH.4 SECTION 1
Contributing Factors

 Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain
 Why?
   Increasing population and the enclosure movement forced
    people to move to cities
   Britain had a large supply of money and natural resources
    needed for Industrialization
   A free society and large empire meant having a lot of places to
    sell manufactured goods
Changes in Cotton Production
 Cotton production started       Spinning Jenny
    as a cottage industry
   1764 James Hargreaves
    invented the spinning
    jenny
   Cartwright invented a
    water powered loom 1787
   James Watt improved the
    steam engine in 1760’s
   Demand for and
    production of factory made
    cotton cloth increased
    dramatically
More Industrial Revolution Improvements

Coal and Iron Industries                Railroads

 Coal was needed to run                 First steam-powered locomotive
  steam engines                           ran in 1804 (5mph)
     Coal was abundant in Britain       First public railway opened 1830
                                          (16mph)
     New methods of using coal
      aided the iron industry            Railroads made it easier to
                                          transport goods
 Puddling: coke (a coal                 Railroad expansion had a ripple
  derivative) was used to                 effect
  purify crude iron                          Created more jobs and cheaper
                                              transportation
     Resulted in higher-quality iron        Cheaper transportation made cheaper
      and increase in iron industry           goods
     Britain produced more iron             Cheaper goods meant more sales
      than the rest of the world             More sales led to more factories and
      combined                                more economic growth
Spread of Industrialization

 Spread first from Britain to Western Europe
 Taken across to the U.S. where industrialization
 spread very quickly
    Railroads helped to unite the large country
 Asia was slower to industrialize because they were
 hesitant to change their culture and adopt western
 ways.
    Japan was the first to accept Western technology
Social Impacts of Revolution

 European population grew because of less deaths (less
  wars, less diseases, etc)
 Cities expanded because people moved there looking for
  work in factories
 New social class emerged- industrial middle class
  (factory owners)
 Industrial workers worked 12-16 hr days 6 days a week
    No min wage, no benefits, and no job protection
    Dangerous working conditions
    Women and Children often worked – made less money
 Many workers advocated socialism – when the
 government owns and controls the economy

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The industrial revolution4.1

  • 1. The Industrial Revolution CH.4 SECTION 1
  • 2. Contributing Factors  Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain  Why?  Increasing population and the enclosure movement forced people to move to cities  Britain had a large supply of money and natural resources needed for Industrialization  A free society and large empire meant having a lot of places to sell manufactured goods
  • 3. Changes in Cotton Production  Cotton production started  Spinning Jenny as a cottage industry  1764 James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny  Cartwright invented a water powered loom 1787  James Watt improved the steam engine in 1760’s  Demand for and production of factory made cotton cloth increased dramatically
  • 4. More Industrial Revolution Improvements Coal and Iron Industries Railroads  Coal was needed to run  First steam-powered locomotive steam engines ran in 1804 (5mph)  Coal was abundant in Britain  First public railway opened 1830 (16mph)  New methods of using coal aided the iron industry  Railroads made it easier to transport goods  Puddling: coke (a coal  Railroad expansion had a ripple derivative) was used to effect purify crude iron  Created more jobs and cheaper transportation  Resulted in higher-quality iron  Cheaper transportation made cheaper and increase in iron industry goods  Britain produced more iron  Cheaper goods meant more sales than the rest of the world  More sales led to more factories and combined more economic growth
  • 5. Spread of Industrialization  Spread first from Britain to Western Europe  Taken across to the U.S. where industrialization spread very quickly  Railroads helped to unite the large country  Asia was slower to industrialize because they were hesitant to change their culture and adopt western ways.  Japan was the first to accept Western technology
  • 6. Social Impacts of Revolution  European population grew because of less deaths (less wars, less diseases, etc)  Cities expanded because people moved there looking for work in factories  New social class emerged- industrial middle class (factory owners)  Industrial workers worked 12-16 hr days 6 days a week  No min wage, no benefits, and no job protection  Dangerous working conditions  Women and Children often worked – made less money  Many workers advocated socialism – when the government owns and controls the economy