The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain due to factors like increasing population, natural resources, and trade opportunities. Key inventions like the spinning jenny automated cotton production. The steam engine was also improved, increasing factory output. Coal and iron industries expanded through new extraction and refining processes. Railroads then facilitated transportation of goods, further fueling industrialization. This spread initially in Europe and America, but more slowly in Asia. The Revolution brought economic growth but also poor working conditions and new social challenges.