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•Humankind is responsible for the massive use of fossil fuels which has
changed the atmosphere and temperature of the planet. Toxins and plastic
are an accumulating problem of the oceans, land and air, while technology
is becoming our second, if not our first, nature.
FOSSIL FUELS
http://time.com/money/3423142/divestment-fossil-fuel-free-investing/
 Fossil Fuels are fuels (as coal, oil or natural gas) formed
underground from plant or animal remains.
COAL OIL NATURAL GAS
http://www.wyomingmining.org/minerals/coal/ http://www.mawaridegroup.com/oilgas.php http://psc.wi.gov/utilityInfo/gas/index-naturalGas.htm
 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fossil%20fuel
 http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fossil-fuel
The use of fossil fuels
These substances play a pivotal role in our lives. They
give us the means to get around, to keep our homes warm,
to cook our meals, and more.
More specifically, human use fossil fuels in order to:
 Produce electricity for all sorts of purposes, such as lights
and computers.
 Power vehicles, airplanes and industries.
 Heat buildings.
 Make medicine, cosmetics and synthetic fabrics.
http://www.bcairquality.ca/101/fossil-fuels.html
https://www.nmoga.org/what-are-fossil-fuels-used-for
http://greenergy.oakridgeprojects.com/
http://www.greensolarcafe.com/big-oil-vs-renewables/
us-government-policy-fossil-fuels-vs-renewable-energy/
http://www.newsbomb.gr/tags/tag/33861
/petrelaio-thermanshs
http://www.binarytradingworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/pros-cons-binarytradingworld.jpg
Advantages of fossil fuels
Available in plenty
Humans have been relying on fossil fuels for many decades
now, and everything is in place and ready for us to gather
and use such energy resources. We already have plenty of
people gathering coal and oil, for instance, from all the
places in the world that are rich in fossil fuels, using all the
equipment that has been specially created for the extraction
of fossil fuels. Therefore, it is better to use fossil fuels
because we have already invested a lot of time, effort and
money in them.
http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php
Easy to find
Fossil fuels are actually very easy to find. They occur all over
the world and they are sourced from the very deep regions of
the planet which means that, when they are extracted from the
ground or sea, we are guaranteed to get a lot of resources
from that particular area. The fact that they occur all over the
world means that all countries and regions should be able to
have access to at least some type of fossil fuel.
http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php
http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels
http://www.ethnos.gr/oikonomia/arthro/se_3_mines_trypani_gia_ek
soryksi_petrelaiou-63753285/
Extremely efficient
Fossil fuels are extremely more efficient than newer energy
sources. This means that they can generate huge amounts
of energy, even if we just use a small amount of it. So far, the
most effective fuel for vehicles has always been petroleum.
Nothing else – no renewable energies, at least – even
comes close to generating the same amount of energy that it
does.
http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php
http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels
Disadvantages of fossil
fuels
Non-renewable
Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources. Their supply
is limited, and there will come a point in time where the
earth’s fossil fuel deposits will have been completely used
up. When this happens, we will need to be able to transfer to
some other form of energy generation. Consequently, we
shouldn’t be investing time and money into extracting more
fossil fuels and improving our extraction techniques. Rather,
we need to focus on developing alternative, renewable forms
of energy.
http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/
http://flowpsychology.com/6-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Cpc7WD45UOs/UTMWU106C-I/AAAAAAAAAYY/6TuOT825fS8/s1600/renewable-vs-non.gif
Health issues
The burning of fossil fuels is not at all environment friendly,
so it’s hazardous to human health. Pollution-related diseases
kill millions of children a year. High levels of air pollution can
affect your lungs and trigger asthma. People who live in
areas with a large amount of traffic are at a higher risk.
http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels
http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php
http://www.safeteens.org/wp-content/uploads/lgbtq-
health.jpg
Fossil Fuels and their impact on
the environment
https://gr.pinterest.com/pin/285204588876372683/
Unfortunately, the biggest disadvantage to burning
fossil fuels for energy is the fact that they are so
damaging to the environment. Fossil fuel
combustion emits some common air pollutants
that have local and global effects on human health
and the environment.
Air pollution
When fossil fuels are burned, pollutants are released into the
air. These pollutants include carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4),nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx)
and carbon monoxide (CO), known as greenhouse gases.
http://www.bcairquality.ca/101/fossil-fuels.html http://www.earthtimes.org/nsimages/files/air-pollution_12312.jpg
Global Warming
The release of carbon dioxide has been directly linked to
global warming. Climate scientists believe that if the amount
of carbon dioxide transmitted in the atmosphere continues to
increase, the planet will become warmer in the next century
and may possibly result in a rise in sea levels due to the
melting ice, altered weather patterns that may result in
extreme weather events, and increased frequency of
droughts in agricultural zones. These climate changes in turn
look likely to change the world as we know it.
https://grist.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/peterma
n-glacier-before-and-after.jpg
https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/x/drought-lake-
bed-global-warming-9888293.jpg
http://d1br7wc30ambms.cloudfront.net/wp-
content/uploads/2015/11/global-warming.jpeg
Oil spill
http://www.arabianoilandgas.com/pictures/gallery/Analysis/OilSpill-3.jp
Not only are fossil fuels harmful when
burnt, but they can also cause huge
environmental damage if spilled. It is
known that fossil fuels have damaged
the environment through accidental oil
spills. Oil spills are one of the leading
causes of marine disasters, and can
cause the deaths of millions of birds,
mammals, and fish every time they
happen. These disasters would not only
affect the seas but also the land,
especially the animals that live in them.
Though oil spills are not often, they can
kill thousands of animals if they occur.
TOXINS & PLASTIC
http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-
content/blogs.dir/1/files/2013/01/ocean-plastic-toxic-absorb.jpg
http://www.livinggreenandfrugally.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/12/EVHzLpWL.jpg
Toxins (definition and types)
 They are poisonous substances, especially produced by
bacteria, that cause diseases.
 There are two types of toxins: endogenous or biotoxins that
are produced by the body and exogenous or environmental
toxins that are ingested into the body from external factors (air,
water, food, etc)
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/toxin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin
http://www.medicalinsider.com/toxicity2.html
https://www.google.gr/search?q=toxins&biw=1366&bih=638&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1zr7O4rPSAhWEbxQKHXOVBIgQ
_AUIBigB#imgrc=Pz6ai6_j_Bz3SM:
 The air is polluted by environmental toxins,
emanated from the use of cleaning products,
chemical vapours, traffic fumes, sprays and
plastics.
 The pollution of the sea is caused by
chlorinated swimming pools, bathing products
like skin oil, lotions, etc.
 The food chain is disturbed by toxins that
originate in junk food, food heated on plastic
containers or fried food.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin
http://www.medicalinsider.com/toxicity2.html
Toxins and environment
Plastic
 It is an artificial substance that can be shaped
(when it is soft) into many different forms and has
many different uses.
 Plastics are used in all human activities, such as
feeding, clothing, transportation, communication,
health care. Human Consumption exceeds 150
million tons of plastics per year.
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/plastic
http://icpeenvis.nic.in/index2.aspx?slid=50&sublinkid=237&langid=1&mid=1
https://www.google.gr/search?q=toxins&biw=1366&bih=638&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1zr7O4rPSAhWEbxQKHX
OVBIgQ_AUIBigB#tbm=isch&q=plastic&*&imgrc=PXUBeXz26eCoGM:
The effect on the environment
 Plastic pollution involves the hyper-concentration
of plastic waste in the environment that affects the
land, oceans, wildlife and humans.
 Land: Chlorinated plastics may release toxic
chemicals in the ground, which can then be soaked
up by groundwater and the ecosystem
 Oceans: plastic litters, such as plastic bags or bottles
end up in the ocean and release toxins to plankton, fish
and finally to humans through the food chain.
Consuming the fish that have these toxins can develop
cancer, immune disorders and birth defects.
http://blog.conservation.org/2013/07/reducing-global-plastic-use-is-key-to-fight-ocean-pollution/
http://icpeenvis.nic.in/index2.aspx?slid=50&sublinkid=237&langid=1&mid=1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_pollution
Technology
http://advtechconsultants.com/WhatisTechnology.htm
Technology
 The collection of techniques, skills, methods and
processes used in the production of goods and
services or in the accomplishment of objectives,
such as scientific investigation.
http://realislaam.com/tag/define-technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology
Theory of technological
Evolution
Czech philosopher Radovan Richta (1924–1983),
referred to how technology evolved through the ages.
According to him, there are three technological stages:
 Tools (pretechnological period)
 Machines (second stage)
 Automation (final stage)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution
Technology’s everywhere
 It improves communication
 It provides access to information - Social Networking
 It improves housing and our lifestyle
 It enriches entertainment (more video games now,
good music to listen to and visual systems)
 It provides better education – online
 It facilitates traveling
 It provides a better health system – modern
technology in hospitals, improves patient treatments
 It promotes efficiency and productivity of businesses.
http://www.ubiwhere.com/en/news/2015/05/25/technology-advantages-and-
disadvantages/#.WLXlX2_yjIU
Drawbacks
 Humans are replaced by machines.
 Massive destruction weapons lead to
endless wars.
 Social media encourages loneliness and
isolation.
 We depend on modern tools which
lessen our creativity and intelligence.
http://www.ubiwhere.com/en/news/2015/05/25/technology-advantages-and-disadvantages/#.WLXlX2_yjIU
Importance of modern technology
Modern technology led to the evolution of civilization. There
are people who believe that the lack of technology would
mean the end of mankind.
On the other hand, there are people who choose to live
without modern technology or conveniences.
For most of us though, it has made life easier and more
enjoyable.
http://civilengineersforum.com/modern-technology-advantages-disadvantages/
https://www.theodysseyonline.com/is-technology-making-us-antisocial
THE END
Thank youfor your attention!

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The anthropocene by lydia and Helen

  • 1. •Humankind is responsible for the massive use of fossil fuels which has changed the atmosphere and temperature of the planet. Toxins and plastic are an accumulating problem of the oceans, land and air, while technology is becoming our second, if not our first, nature.
  • 3.  Fossil Fuels are fuels (as coal, oil or natural gas) formed underground from plant or animal remains. COAL OIL NATURAL GAS http://www.wyomingmining.org/minerals/coal/ http://www.mawaridegroup.com/oilgas.php http://psc.wi.gov/utilityInfo/gas/index-naturalGas.htm  https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fossil%20fuel  http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fossil-fuel
  • 4. The use of fossil fuels These substances play a pivotal role in our lives. They give us the means to get around, to keep our homes warm, to cook our meals, and more. More specifically, human use fossil fuels in order to:  Produce electricity for all sorts of purposes, such as lights and computers.  Power vehicles, airplanes and industries.  Heat buildings.  Make medicine, cosmetics and synthetic fabrics. http://www.bcairquality.ca/101/fossil-fuels.html https://www.nmoga.org/what-are-fossil-fuels-used-for
  • 7. Advantages of fossil fuels Available in plenty Humans have been relying on fossil fuels for many decades now, and everything is in place and ready for us to gather and use such energy resources. We already have plenty of people gathering coal and oil, for instance, from all the places in the world that are rich in fossil fuels, using all the equipment that has been specially created for the extraction of fossil fuels. Therefore, it is better to use fossil fuels because we have already invested a lot of time, effort and money in them. http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php
  • 8. Easy to find Fossil fuels are actually very easy to find. They occur all over the world and they are sourced from the very deep regions of the planet which means that, when they are extracted from the ground or sea, we are guaranteed to get a lot of resources from that particular area. The fact that they occur all over the world means that all countries and regions should be able to have access to at least some type of fossil fuel. http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/ http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels http://www.ethnos.gr/oikonomia/arthro/se_3_mines_trypani_gia_ek soryksi_petrelaiou-63753285/
  • 9. Extremely efficient Fossil fuels are extremely more efficient than newer energy sources. This means that they can generate huge amounts of energy, even if we just use a small amount of it. So far, the most effective fuel for vehicles has always been petroleum. Nothing else – no renewable energies, at least – even comes close to generating the same amount of energy that it does. http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/ http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels
  • 10. Disadvantages of fossil fuels Non-renewable Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources. Their supply is limited, and there will come a point in time where the earth’s fossil fuel deposits will have been completely used up. When this happens, we will need to be able to transfer to some other form of energy generation. Consequently, we shouldn’t be investing time and money into extracting more fossil fuels and improving our extraction techniques. Rather, we need to focus on developing alternative, renewable forms of energy. http://greentumble.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/ http://flowpsychology.com/6-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels/
  • 12. Health issues The burning of fossil fuels is not at all environment friendly, so it’s hazardous to human health. Pollution-related diseases kill millions of children a year. High levels of air pollution can affect your lungs and trigger asthma. People who live in areas with a large amount of traffic are at a higher risk. http://greengarageblog.org/12-impressive-pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-and-cons-of-fossil-fuels.php http://www.safeteens.org/wp-content/uploads/lgbtq- health.jpg
  • 13. Fossil Fuels and their impact on the environment https://gr.pinterest.com/pin/285204588876372683/
  • 14. Unfortunately, the biggest disadvantage to burning fossil fuels for energy is the fact that they are so damaging to the environment. Fossil fuel combustion emits some common air pollutants that have local and global effects on human health and the environment.
  • 15. Air pollution When fossil fuels are burned, pollutants are released into the air. These pollutants include carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4),nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and carbon monoxide (CO), known as greenhouse gases. http://www.bcairquality.ca/101/fossil-fuels.html http://www.earthtimes.org/nsimages/files/air-pollution_12312.jpg
  • 16. Global Warming The release of carbon dioxide has been directly linked to global warming. Climate scientists believe that if the amount of carbon dioxide transmitted in the atmosphere continues to increase, the planet will become warmer in the next century and may possibly result in a rise in sea levels due to the melting ice, altered weather patterns that may result in extreme weather events, and increased frequency of droughts in agricultural zones. These climate changes in turn look likely to change the world as we know it.
  • 18. Oil spill http://www.arabianoilandgas.com/pictures/gallery/Analysis/OilSpill-3.jp Not only are fossil fuels harmful when burnt, but they can also cause huge environmental damage if spilled. It is known that fossil fuels have damaged the environment through accidental oil spills. Oil spills are one of the leading causes of marine disasters, and can cause the deaths of millions of birds, mammals, and fish every time they happen. These disasters would not only affect the seas but also the land, especially the animals that live in them. Though oil spills are not often, they can kill thousands of animals if they occur.
  • 20. Toxins (definition and types)  They are poisonous substances, especially produced by bacteria, that cause diseases.  There are two types of toxins: endogenous or biotoxins that are produced by the body and exogenous or environmental toxins that are ingested into the body from external factors (air, water, food, etc) http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/toxin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin http://www.medicalinsider.com/toxicity2.html https://www.google.gr/search?q=toxins&biw=1366&bih=638&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1zr7O4rPSAhWEbxQKHXOVBIgQ _AUIBigB#imgrc=Pz6ai6_j_Bz3SM:
  • 21.  The air is polluted by environmental toxins, emanated from the use of cleaning products, chemical vapours, traffic fumes, sprays and plastics.  The pollution of the sea is caused by chlorinated swimming pools, bathing products like skin oil, lotions, etc.  The food chain is disturbed by toxins that originate in junk food, food heated on plastic containers or fried food. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin http://www.medicalinsider.com/toxicity2.html Toxins and environment
  • 22. Plastic  It is an artificial substance that can be shaped (when it is soft) into many different forms and has many different uses.  Plastics are used in all human activities, such as feeding, clothing, transportation, communication, health care. Human Consumption exceeds 150 million tons of plastics per year. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/plastic http://icpeenvis.nic.in/index2.aspx?slid=50&sublinkid=237&langid=1&mid=1 https://www.google.gr/search?q=toxins&biw=1366&bih=638&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1zr7O4rPSAhWEbxQKHX OVBIgQ_AUIBigB#tbm=isch&q=plastic&*&imgrc=PXUBeXz26eCoGM:
  • 23. The effect on the environment  Plastic pollution involves the hyper-concentration of plastic waste in the environment that affects the land, oceans, wildlife and humans.  Land: Chlorinated plastics may release toxic chemicals in the ground, which can then be soaked up by groundwater and the ecosystem  Oceans: plastic litters, such as plastic bags or bottles end up in the ocean and release toxins to plankton, fish and finally to humans through the food chain. Consuming the fish that have these toxins can develop cancer, immune disorders and birth defects. http://blog.conservation.org/2013/07/reducing-global-plastic-use-is-key-to-fight-ocean-pollution/ http://icpeenvis.nic.in/index2.aspx?slid=50&sublinkid=237&langid=1&mid=1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_pollution
  • 25. Technology  The collection of techniques, skills, methods and processes used in the production of goods and services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. http://realislaam.com/tag/define-technology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology
  • 26. Theory of technological Evolution Czech philosopher Radovan Richta (1924–1983), referred to how technology evolved through the ages. According to him, there are three technological stages:  Tools (pretechnological period)  Machines (second stage)  Automation (final stage) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution
  • 27. Technology’s everywhere  It improves communication  It provides access to information - Social Networking  It improves housing and our lifestyle  It enriches entertainment (more video games now, good music to listen to and visual systems)  It provides better education – online  It facilitates traveling  It provides a better health system – modern technology in hospitals, improves patient treatments  It promotes efficiency and productivity of businesses. http://www.ubiwhere.com/en/news/2015/05/25/technology-advantages-and- disadvantages/#.WLXlX2_yjIU
  • 28. Drawbacks  Humans are replaced by machines.  Massive destruction weapons lead to endless wars.  Social media encourages loneliness and isolation.  We depend on modern tools which lessen our creativity and intelligence. http://www.ubiwhere.com/en/news/2015/05/25/technology-advantages-and-disadvantages/#.WLXlX2_yjIU
  • 29. Importance of modern technology Modern technology led to the evolution of civilization. There are people who believe that the lack of technology would mean the end of mankind. On the other hand, there are people who choose to live without modern technology or conveniences. For most of us though, it has made life easier and more enjoyable. http://civilengineersforum.com/modern-technology-advantages-disadvantages/ https://www.theodysseyonline.com/is-technology-making-us-antisocial
  • 30. THE END Thank youfor your attention!