Poster by Nicholas Ngwili, Nancy Johnson, Raphael Wahome, Samuel Githigia, Kristina Roesel and Lian Thomas presented at Tropentag 2021, 15-17 September 2021.
IPMS experiences on research for dairy development: Approaches and lessons ILRI
Presentation by Dirk Hoekstra, Azage Tegegne, Berhanu Gebremedhin and Tesfaye Lemma at the National dairy forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23-24 November 2010.
Skills and Gaps: A Capacity Needs Assessment of Peri-urban Dairy Chains aroun...ILRI
Presentation by Jan van der Lee, Abebe Tessama, Mengistu Nigussie and Mekdes Asfaw at the National dairy forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23-24 November 2010.
This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of rabies vaccination campaigns on community knowledge and prevention of rabies in Laikipia, Kenya. The study found that while 63% of respondents had vaccinated their dogs against rabies, the number of years communities participated in vaccination campaigns did not significantly influence rabies knowledge or dog vaccination rates. Word of mouth was the main source of rabies information for most respondents, who generally had inadequate knowledge about rabies transmission and treatment. The results suggest that while vaccination efforts have increased dog vaccination, alternative outreach methods may be needed to improve rabies knowledge in the community.
IPMS experiences on research for dairy development: Approaches and lessons ILRI
Presentation by Dirk Hoekstra, Azage Tegegne, Berhanu Gebremedhin and Tesfaye Lemma at the National dairy forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23-24 November 2010.
Skills and Gaps: A Capacity Needs Assessment of Peri-urban Dairy Chains aroun...ILRI
Presentation by Jan van der Lee, Abebe Tessama, Mengistu Nigussie and Mekdes Asfaw at the National dairy forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23-24 November 2010.
This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of rabies vaccination campaigns on community knowledge and prevention of rabies in Laikipia, Kenya. The study found that while 63% of respondents had vaccinated their dogs against rabies, the number of years communities participated in vaccination campaigns did not significantly influence rabies knowledge or dog vaccination rates. Word of mouth was the main source of rabies information for most respondents, who generally had inadequate knowledge about rabies transmission and treatment. The results suggest that while vaccination efforts have increased dog vaccination, alternative outreach methods may be needed to improve rabies knowledge in the community.
Sustainability and challenges of ecohealth approaches for the management of b...ILRI
Presentation by Wengui Lee, Unger F, Guorong Yang, Xiangdong Yang and Shibiao Yang at the Ecohealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-15 August 2014.
Approaches to Improve Malaria Outcomes_Debra Prosnitz_4.25.13CORE Group
The document reviews malaria prevention and treatment approaches used in USAID's Child Survival and Health Grants Program projects. It finds that the projects improved key malaria indicators like child ITN use and treatment of fevers, though national data showed smaller gains. Behavior change communication strategies included involvement in developing national tools, replication of effective approaches, and adjustments based on evaluation. Gaps identified included addressing malaria in pregnancy, demand creation with limited supplies, addressing low risk perception, improving materials for illiterate groups, and sustainability planning. Recommendations include more detailed reporting on community mobilization, promoted messages, and interpersonal contact quality and frequency.
Going to Scale with Effective Community-based Primary Health Care Kureshy and...CORE Group
The document summarizes the key findings and recommendations of an expert panel on community-based primary health care (CBPHC) in improving maternal, neonatal, and child health. The panel recommends that CBPHC should be a priority for strengthening health systems, achieving universal health coverage, and ending preventable child and maternal deaths. Resources for CBPHC need to increase and be tracked at national levels. Communities are an undervalued resource and their full participation through partnerships with health systems is essential to effectively reach those most in need. Prioritizing CBPHC in populations with the highest mortality can achieve greater impact.
Framework for assessing the economic costs and burdens of zoonotic diseaseILRI
Presented by Alexandra Shaw, Ian Scoones, Melissa Leach, Francis Wanyoike and Delia Grace at the EcoHealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-14 August 2014.
Gender in Climate Change Agriculture and Food SecurityIFPRI-PIM
This poster was presented by Sophia Huyer (CCAFS / CIAT) for the pre-Annual Scientific Conference meeting organized for the CGIAR research program gender research coordinators on 4 December.
The annual scientific conference of the CGIAR collaborative platform for gender research took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
The National AIDS Control Programme was launched in 1987 in India to halt and reverse the HIV/AIDS epidemic over 5 years. It aims to reduce new infections by 60% in high prevalence states through targeted interventions for high-risk groups and general population education. Objectives include preventing new infections, improving treatment and care for those infected, strengthening infrastructure and resources, and building strategic information systems. Key strategies are saturation coverage of high-risk groups, scaling up general population interventions, improving care and support, and strengthening nationwide monitoring.
From Advocacy to Accountability: Empowering communities throughout the UHC Pr...HFG Project
This presentation was presented by Ricardo Valladares Cardona at a side session at the Prince Mahidol Award Conference (PMAC) in Bangkok, Thailand, on January 29, 2017.
1) Kenya has established a Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU) through a memorandum of understanding between the Ministries of Health and Livestock. The ZDU houses four epidemiologists to coordinate surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases.
2) The ZDU launched a 5-year strategic plan in 2012 with objectives to strengthen surveillance of priority zoonotic diseases, establish multi-sectoral partnerships, and conduct applied research. Under the first objective, the ZDU developed a priority disease list, conducted risk mapping for diseases like Rift Valley fever, and implemented joint outbreak response plans.
3) The ZDU has also worked to incorporate One Health into policies and training curricula, formed county-level
This document discusses the emergence of infectious diseases at the human-animal interface in Bangladesh and the formation of One Health Bangladesh to address these challenges through a multi-sectoral approach. Some key points:
1) Bangladesh struggles with many zoonotic and vector-borne diseases like anthrax, Nipah virus, rabies, dengue, and chikungunya.
2) In 2007, leading public health organizations came together to form One Health Bangladesh to minimize the consequences of emerging infectious diseases through institutionalizing a One Health approach.
3) One Health Bangladesh has implemented various initiatives like collaborative outbreak investigations, capacity building programs, and advocacy efforts. This has contributed to reductions in deaths from diseases like den
Social and behavioral determinants lit reviewRosella Anstine
This document provides a summary of a literature review on social and behavioral determinants of adult vaccination. The review identified 71 relevant publications, with 25 focusing on social determinants and 14 on behavioral determinants. For social determinants, key findings included barriers to adult vaccination like lack of access and programs, as well as racial/ethnic divides in vaccination rates. Models like the Diderichsen Framework and theories of intermediary determinants were also discussed. For behavioral determinants, the Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior were strong predictors of vaccination behavior based on factors like perceived benefits, barriers, and social norms. A gap identified was the lack of research on determinants in low- and middle-income countries.
Keynote address by Dr. Eric Goosby of UCSF, presented at CFAR HIV Research in International Settings (CHRIS) meeting in San Diego, October 1, 2014. Dr. Goosby discussed. "Global Health Delivery and Diplomacy: The Long Road to Sustainable Programs."
1) The document discusses using social science methods to address challenges in implementing programs to control Neglected Tropical Diseases.
2) It notes there has been massive progress over the last 20 years in facilitating control of NTDs through mass drug administration programs.
3) However, it also outlines ongoing challenges related to health systems support for NTD programs, integration across disease programs and with other sectors, and ensuring equitable access for all communities and households.
This document discusses vector-borne diseases (VBDs) and their surveillance and control in India. It notes that VBDs include malaria, filariasis, kala-azar, dengue, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis. The objectives of VBD programs are disease management, integrated vector management, and supportive interventions. Surveillance methods include active, passive, sentinel, and entomological surveillance. Response actions are taken based on outbreak analysis. Control methods include indoor residual spraying, larval source reduction, insecticide-treated bed nets, and vaccines.
Biomarker is an objective measure that has been evaluated and confirmed either as an indicator of physiologic health, a pathogenic process or a pharmacologic response to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers, whether produces by normal healthy individuals or by individuals affected by specific systemic diseases, are tell tale molecules that could be used to monitor health status, disease onset, treatment response and outcome.The biomarkers can help for the determination of present as well as future disease activity along with diagnosis and previous periodontal diseases.
Current strategies for stunting reduction in the light of emerging evidence o...Francois Stepman
Habiba Hassan-Wassef, MD
National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
1-5 October 2018. Addis Abeba. The 8th Africa Nutritional Epidemiology Conference (ANEC VIII 2018)
Sustainability and challenges of ecohealth approaches for the management of b...ILRI
Presentation by Wengui Lee, Unger F, Guorong Yang, Xiangdong Yang and Shibiao Yang at the Ecohealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-15 August 2014.
Approaches to Improve Malaria Outcomes_Debra Prosnitz_4.25.13CORE Group
The document reviews malaria prevention and treatment approaches used in USAID's Child Survival and Health Grants Program projects. It finds that the projects improved key malaria indicators like child ITN use and treatment of fevers, though national data showed smaller gains. Behavior change communication strategies included involvement in developing national tools, replication of effective approaches, and adjustments based on evaluation. Gaps identified included addressing malaria in pregnancy, demand creation with limited supplies, addressing low risk perception, improving materials for illiterate groups, and sustainability planning. Recommendations include more detailed reporting on community mobilization, promoted messages, and interpersonal contact quality and frequency.
Going to Scale with Effective Community-based Primary Health Care Kureshy and...CORE Group
The document summarizes the key findings and recommendations of an expert panel on community-based primary health care (CBPHC) in improving maternal, neonatal, and child health. The panel recommends that CBPHC should be a priority for strengthening health systems, achieving universal health coverage, and ending preventable child and maternal deaths. Resources for CBPHC need to increase and be tracked at national levels. Communities are an undervalued resource and their full participation through partnerships with health systems is essential to effectively reach those most in need. Prioritizing CBPHC in populations with the highest mortality can achieve greater impact.
Framework for assessing the economic costs and burdens of zoonotic diseaseILRI
Presented by Alexandra Shaw, Ian Scoones, Melissa Leach, Francis Wanyoike and Delia Grace at the EcoHealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-14 August 2014.
Gender in Climate Change Agriculture and Food SecurityIFPRI-PIM
This poster was presented by Sophia Huyer (CCAFS / CIAT) for the pre-Annual Scientific Conference meeting organized for the CGIAR research program gender research coordinators on 4 December.
The annual scientific conference of the CGIAR collaborative platform for gender research took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
The National AIDS Control Programme was launched in 1987 in India to halt and reverse the HIV/AIDS epidemic over 5 years. It aims to reduce new infections by 60% in high prevalence states through targeted interventions for high-risk groups and general population education. Objectives include preventing new infections, improving treatment and care for those infected, strengthening infrastructure and resources, and building strategic information systems. Key strategies are saturation coverage of high-risk groups, scaling up general population interventions, improving care and support, and strengthening nationwide monitoring.
From Advocacy to Accountability: Empowering communities throughout the UHC Pr...HFG Project
This presentation was presented by Ricardo Valladares Cardona at a side session at the Prince Mahidol Award Conference (PMAC) in Bangkok, Thailand, on January 29, 2017.
1) Kenya has established a Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU) through a memorandum of understanding between the Ministries of Health and Livestock. The ZDU houses four epidemiologists to coordinate surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases.
2) The ZDU launched a 5-year strategic plan in 2012 with objectives to strengthen surveillance of priority zoonotic diseases, establish multi-sectoral partnerships, and conduct applied research. Under the first objective, the ZDU developed a priority disease list, conducted risk mapping for diseases like Rift Valley fever, and implemented joint outbreak response plans.
3) The ZDU has also worked to incorporate One Health into policies and training curricula, formed county-level
This document discusses the emergence of infectious diseases at the human-animal interface in Bangladesh and the formation of One Health Bangladesh to address these challenges through a multi-sectoral approach. Some key points:
1) Bangladesh struggles with many zoonotic and vector-borne diseases like anthrax, Nipah virus, rabies, dengue, and chikungunya.
2) In 2007, leading public health organizations came together to form One Health Bangladesh to minimize the consequences of emerging infectious diseases through institutionalizing a One Health approach.
3) One Health Bangladesh has implemented various initiatives like collaborative outbreak investigations, capacity building programs, and advocacy efforts. This has contributed to reductions in deaths from diseases like den
Social and behavioral determinants lit reviewRosella Anstine
This document provides a summary of a literature review on social and behavioral determinants of adult vaccination. The review identified 71 relevant publications, with 25 focusing on social determinants and 14 on behavioral determinants. For social determinants, key findings included barriers to adult vaccination like lack of access and programs, as well as racial/ethnic divides in vaccination rates. Models like the Diderichsen Framework and theories of intermediary determinants were also discussed. For behavioral determinants, the Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior were strong predictors of vaccination behavior based on factors like perceived benefits, barriers, and social norms. A gap identified was the lack of research on determinants in low- and middle-income countries.
Keynote address by Dr. Eric Goosby of UCSF, presented at CFAR HIV Research in International Settings (CHRIS) meeting in San Diego, October 1, 2014. Dr. Goosby discussed. "Global Health Delivery and Diplomacy: The Long Road to Sustainable Programs."
1) The document discusses using social science methods to address challenges in implementing programs to control Neglected Tropical Diseases.
2) It notes there has been massive progress over the last 20 years in facilitating control of NTDs through mass drug administration programs.
3) However, it also outlines ongoing challenges related to health systems support for NTD programs, integration across disease programs and with other sectors, and ensuring equitable access for all communities and households.
This document discusses vector-borne diseases (VBDs) and their surveillance and control in India. It notes that VBDs include malaria, filariasis, kala-azar, dengue, chikungunya, and Japanese encephalitis. The objectives of VBD programs are disease management, integrated vector management, and supportive interventions. Surveillance methods include active, passive, sentinel, and entomological surveillance. Response actions are taken based on outbreak analysis. Control methods include indoor residual spraying, larval source reduction, insecticide-treated bed nets, and vaccines.
Biomarker is an objective measure that has been evaluated and confirmed either as an indicator of physiologic health, a pathogenic process or a pharmacologic response to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers, whether produces by normal healthy individuals or by individuals affected by specific systemic diseases, are tell tale molecules that could be used to monitor health status, disease onset, treatment response and outcome.The biomarkers can help for the determination of present as well as future disease activity along with diagnosis and previous periodontal diseases.
Current strategies for stunting reduction in the light of emerging evidence o...Francois Stepman
Habiba Hassan-Wassef, MD
National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
1-5 October 2018. Addis Abeba. The 8th Africa Nutritional Epidemiology Conference (ANEC VIII 2018)
This document discusses how organizations can act as "boundary organizations" to promote evidence-based policymaking. It uses the Regional Network on AIDS, Livelihoods and Food Security (RENEWAL) as a case study. RENEWAL aims to enhance understanding of the links between HIV/AIDS and food security in Africa. It builds networks between researchers and policymakers to identify policy-relevant research topics and facilitate communication. The document analyzes RENEWAL's experiences networking with South African government officials to encourage use of research evidence in policy. It draws lessons on effective strategies for engaging policymakers and getting research into policy and practice.
This study examined the impact of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) corners in health facilities in Northern Nigeria on caregivers' knowledge and skills for managing childhood diarrhea. Surveys with 229 caregivers, 21 ORT corner providers, and 23 health facility providers found that caregivers using ORT corners had greater diarrhea prevention and management knowledge than non-users. However, knowledge was still not optimal. ORT corner providers reported lack of supplies as a major barrier. The study also found a lack of materials, supervision, and protocols for delivering ORT services and inadequate documentation of services provided. Recommendations included ensuring ORT corners are consistently stocked with essential supplies and have strong supply chain management to avoid stockouts.
1) The study examined the impact of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) corners in health facilities in Northern Nigeria on caregivers' knowledge and skills for managing childhood diarrhea.
2) It found that caregivers who used ORT corners had better knowledge of diarrhea prevention, management, and home treatment compared to non-users. However, knowledge was still not optimal.
3) The study also identified challenges, including a lack of supplies at ORT corners, inadequate guidelines and supervision, and incomplete documentation of services provided.
This document outlines the key activities and strategies for combating dengue during the transmission season and Anti-Dengue Month in July. It discusses improving surveillance of dengue cases and vector mosquitoes, sensitizing communities and stakeholders to prevent vector breeding, and ensuring all response activities are geared up. This includes case detection and management, entomological monitoring, social mobilization, and coordination between public and private sectors. It also provides guidance on developing action plans at the national, state and district levels to conduct activities like training, awareness campaigns, and vector control measures.
Development of a Compendium of Effective Structural Interventions for HIV Pre...CDC NPIN
This document discusses the development of a compendium of effective structural HIV prevention interventions. It describes the process of establishing expert criteria for inclusion, selecting 18 interventions, and preparing detailed entries on the rationale, implementation, evaluation and lessons of each. The interventions addressed policies/laws, resource provision, and social marketing. Key themes were emerging from community needs, evolving implementation, and the difficulty of evaluating complex structural interventions. The compendium aims to facilitate replication and adaptation of evidence-based structural approaches.
Investigating the impacts of land use, climate and biodiversity changes on h...ILRI
This document describes a study investigating the impacts of land use, climate, and biodiversity changes on human health and wellbeing, using Rift Valley fever as a case study. The study will use integrated modeling of ecosystems and disease transmission, map ecosystem services, develop an RVF transmission model, and collect field data on livestock and vectors. It will also examine local human-ecosystem interactions, economic values of ecosystem services, and the political and policy dimensions of RVF knowledge and responses. The study sites are Ijara District, representing minimal land use change, and Tana River County, representing substantial irrigation-driven land use change.
Evidence-Based Forestry: Approaches and Results in the Asia-Pacific RegionCIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines.
The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included:
Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets
Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities
Serving society: forestry and people
New institutions, new governance
Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets
- The document discusses a study on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding handwashing among caregivers of under-five children in Lagos State, Nigeria.
- The study aimed to determine caregivers' level of knowledge about handwashing and its health benefits, their attitudes towards handwashing, and the extent to which they practice handwashing.
- A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using surveys and focus group discussions among 406 caregiver respondents selected through multistage sampling in three local government areas representing high, middle, and low socioeconomic areas of Lagos State.
Stakeholders’ knowledge, attitude and perceptions on the control of Taenia so...ILRI
Presentation by Nicholas Ngwili, Lian Thomas, Samuel Githigia, Nancy Johnson, Raphael Wahome and Kristina Roesel at the 16th International Symposium of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Halifax, Canada, 11 August 2022.
Lessons learned in implementing community tb prevention programme in south we...John Bako
1. The document summarizes a community tuberculosis (TB) prevention program implemented in Southwestern Nigeria by The Society for Family Health (SFH).
2. The program assessed TB treatment centers, educated communities about TB prevention, and referred TB suspects to centers. It reached over 13,000 people and referred 129 suspects, of which 47 tested positive.
3. Lessons learned include high community acceptance of education, importance of using local educators, and need to address poor awareness, drug stockouts, and stigma to improve TB case detection and treatment in Nigeria.
Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) for food safety management: Perspectives from K...ExternalEvents
http://tiny.cc/faowgsworkshop
Use of genome sequencing technology on food safety management- Kenya's Perspectives. Presentation from the FAO expert workshop on practical applications of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) for food safety management - 7-8 December 2015, Rome, Italy.
One Health ethics: The need for policy before research and actionILRI
Poster by Tarni L. Cooper, Yumi Kirino, Silvia Alonso, Johanna Lindahl, Nga TH Le and Delia Grace presented at the 4th International One Health Congress and 6th Biennial Congress of the International Association for Ecology and Health (One Health EcoHealth 2016), Melbourne, Australia, 3–7 December 2016.
One Health Hackathon 26/10/2020 - Athman MwatondoLaiaBent
The document summarizes Kenya's efforts to institutionalize a One Health (OH) approach through the establishment of the Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU) in 2012. The ZDU is a structural office located between the ministries of human and animal health. It has 2 epidemiologists and support from other experts as needed. The ZDU aims to strengthen surveillance and control of zoonotic diseases, establish OH structures and partnerships, and conduct applied research. Some successes include joint surveillance and responses to zoonotic disease outbreaks. Challenges include limited resources, coordination between sectors, and operationalizing OH at local levels. Lessons learned include identifying region-specific OH drivers and taking a sustainable systems approach to implementation.
Daniel Odur_Oral Defense Presentation_yl 1.pptxokakadaniel
The document presents a proposed study on assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents in Kampala, Uganda. The study aims to investigate the effects on children's health, learning opportunities, and protection during school closures and lockdowns. A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires will collect data from a random sample of households with children ages 7-19. Analysis of the data is expected to provide implications to support children's needs and inform local and global policies during the pandemic. Some limitations include funding and cooperation, but the researcher will work to gain approvals and mitigate issues.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
A qualitative assessment of the context and enabling environment for the control of Taenia solium infections in endemic settings
1. A qualitative assessment of the context and
enabling environment for the control of
Taenia solium infections in endemic settings
Nicholas Ngwili1,2*, Nancy Johnson3, Raphael Wahome2, Samuel Githigia2, Kristina Roesel1and Lian Thomas1,4
1International Livestock Research Institute; 2University of Nairobi; 3International Food Policy Research Institute;
4University of Liverpool
Introduction
Taenia solium, is a zoonotic parasite causing three diseases; taeniasis
(in humans), neurocysticercosis (NCC, in humans) and porcine
cysticercosis (PCC, in pigs). We hypothesized that the success or
failure of the interventions may be attributed to the interaction
between the intervention and factors present in the context.
T. Solium life cycle (Source O’Neal et al., 2014).
Results
Pictures
Conclusion
▪ Success or failure of the interventions may be attributed to the
interaction between the intervention and factors present in the context
▪ Contextual factors should be consistently evaluated at the planning,
implementation and evaluation stages and documented.
▪ Article available at
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.000
9470
Methodology
1. A systematic literature review (SLR) - Field-based
interventions between January 1950 and May 2019 , PRISMA
guidelines
2. Key informant interviews (KII) - KII with 11
researchers/implementers of the studies included in the SLR via
Skype
▪ An analytical framework developed to guide analysis based on
Craig et al., 2018 , Bardosh 2018 and Braae et al, 2019
Highlights from SLR
• 41 studies identified- Africa 15, Latin America 18, and Asia 8
studies . 10 efficacy , 28 effectiveness and 3 scale up studies
Nicholas Ngwili
International Livestock Research Institute
n.ngwili@cgiar.org ● Box 30709 Nairobi Kenya ● +254 20 422 3419
This document is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
September 2021
September
2021
Objective
To identify the contextual factors and using examples to
demonstrate how they may have interacted with interventions to
influence their successful implementation and evaluation.
Contextual factor Specific examples from the studies
Epidemiological Baseline prevalence studies, baseline
anthropological studies, loss to follow up and how to
overcome, diagnostic methods
Social, economic and
cultural
Believes, attitudes and practices may maintain T.
solium transmission within a community and may be
hard to change. Baseline knowledge can affect
delivery and evaluation; motivation to rear pigs and
importance of pigs in the community, language,
cultural norms and taboos
Geographical and
environmental
Natural and built environment e.g., lack of roads,
lack of sample handling and storage facilities;
seasonality of rainfall and cropping season.
Service and
organizational
Local capacities of staff and institutions; stakeholder
involvement and sensitization; incentives to ministry
staff involvement in implementation.
Policy and strategies on T.
solium control
country laws on licensing of the drugs and ethical
approvals; control of T. solium should be embedded
within target country disease control; integration of
T. solium control with existing disease control
programs.
Historical Past involvement of target community and their
experiences about other projects.
Political Power dynamics among stakeholders; influence and
power of local administrators.
Financial Sources and mechanisms for funding for the
intervention; costs versus the benefits.