Presentation at 3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015 Session OH Approaches For Sustainable Development

1. Zoonotic Diseases and One
Health - Country Experience
Dr. Matthew Muturi
3rd GRF OH Summit – Davos, Suisse

2. Kenya

3. Kenya population
• Human population: 46M (2015 projection)
– Approximate growth rate 2.46% (GOK)
• Livestock populations
– Approximately 70M
– Human: Livestock – 1.5: 1
• Wildlife

4. Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU)?
• MOU: Office established by signing of MOU by
Ministries of Health and Livestock in Aug 2011
• Housing: Office constructed on Ministry of Health land
• Staff: Four Epidemiologists deployed by government
• Support staff: Admin Assistant and Data Manager

5. Steps towards ZDU formationJan2005
Formation of
National Influenza
Taskforce
(NIT) in response to
global H5N1 threat
Dec2006
Aug2008
Renaming of NIT to
Zoonosis Technical
Working Group
(ZTWG)****
ZTWG start
quarterly
meeting
Sept2010
Multi-sectoral
workshop to
discuss
formation of
OH Office
MOU between
MOPHs and
MOLD
signed to form
ZDU
Aug2011
Epidemiologist
from MOPHS
and
MOLD
deployed to ZDU
Mar2012
Oct2012
Official opening
of ZDU office
and
launch of 5-
year OH
Strategic Plan

6. ZDU Organogram
Head, Veterinary
Epidemiology
and Economics
Unit (VEEU)
Head,
Department of
Preventive and
Promotive
Health
Zoonotic Technical Working Group
ZDU
4 Epidemiologists
Other experts on
need basis
County Animal/Human Health Coordinators
Sub-County Animal/Human Health Coordinators
Director of Veterinary
Services (MALF)
Director of Medical
Services (MoH)

7. Launch of the ZDU:2012
Minister – Agriculture and livestock
Minister – Health

8. Strategic Plan for Implementing
OH in Kenya: Overview
Objectives:
1.Strengthen surveillance, prevention and control of
zoonoses
2. Establish structures and partnerships to promote OH
3. Conduct and Promote Applied Research
www.zdukenya.org

9. Objective 1: Strengthen surveillance,
prevention and control of zoonoses
1. Develop a priority zoonotic disease list
2. Strengthen surveillance, Conduct risk mapping for 6
priority zoonotic diseases
3. Implement OH plans for jointly responding to
zoonotic disease outbreaks
4. Strengthen laboratory diagnosis for zoonosis
5. Develop and implement prevention and control
strategies for 4 priority zoonotic diseases

10. 1. Development of Kenya Priority
Zoonotic Diseases List
• Multi-criteria decision making Analytic Hierachy
Process (AHP)
Disease
Normalized Final
Score
1
Anthrax 1.00
2
Trypanosomiasis 0.93
3
Rabies 0.92
4
Brucellosis 0.90
5
Rift Valley fever 0.86

11. 2. Contingency Plan/ Risk map for RVF for
Kenya

12. 3. National Rabies Elimination Strategy:
2014-2030
• Launched on the World Rabies
Day - 28th September, 2014
• Available at www.zdukenya.org

13. Objective 2 : Establish structures
and partnerships to promote OH
• Incorporate OH in existing policies in Ministries
of Health, Livestock, Environment
• Develop OH communication strategy
• Decentralize OH to the county and district levels

14. Objective 2 achievements
• Revision of IDSR Technical Guidelines:
– zoonotic diseases in the priority disease list
• Incorporating OH in curricula of training institutions
• Inclusion of Vet students in K-FELTP-since 2008
• Formation of OH county units

15. Objective 3:Conduct and Promote
Applied Research

16. Research Activities
• Regional conference on zoonotic diseases
in Eastern Africa
• Brucellosis sero-prevalence study
• Zoonotic swine influenza study
• Outbreak investigations

17. Regional Conference on Zoonotic Diseases
9th-12th March 2015
Participants from
over 10 countries
Writing workshop
planned for early
2016

18. Collaborative Research projects
– Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis in Kenya: study in
three counties – Linked study

19. BRUCELLOSIS STUDY IN 3 COUNTIES
IN KENYA

20. Joint outbreak investigations

21. What exactly is OH APPROACH at a Local
or National level?
1. Better coordination between human and animal health sectors
(and environment)
2. Routinely sharing surveillance and outbreak data on zoonotic
diseases
3. Develop integrated (human/animal) plans for preventing and
controlling priority zoonotic diseases.
1. Recognize the importance of improving the capacity in animals for
surveillance, prevention, and control of zoonotic diseases.
2. Research at the human-animal interface to understands the
maintenance and transmission dynamics of zoonotic pathogens.

22. Opportunities
• WHO/OIE/FAO tripartite agreement
• Devolved governance system
• Increased recognition of OH and partner
interest
• Legislations – draft Vet and Health policy
framework 2014 - 2030

23. • Limited data on priority diseases
–Some priority diseases not captured in
surveillance systems
–Burden for most diseases not established
• Low awareness among policy makers on the
burden of zoonoses
• Guidelines on surveillance, control of most
zoonoses lacking
• Inadequate resources (financial and technical)
• Laboratory diagnosis
– Inadequate diagnostics e.g. rabies, brucellosis
Challenges

24. THANK YOU