This document provides an overview of curriculum models proposed by Hilda Taba, including a description of Taba's background and philosophical ideas. It outlines Taba's inductive model of curriculum development, which begins with diagnosing learner needs and involves teachers. The key steps in Taba's model are identifying student needs, formulating objectives, selecting and organizing content, choosing learning experiences, and determining evaluation. Taba's grassroots approach emphasizes addressing student needs and giving teachers a role in curriculum development.
A curriculum is the instructional and the educative programme by following which the pupils achieve their goals, ideals and aspirations of life. It is curriculum through which the general aims of a school education receive concrete expression
A curriculum is the instructional and the educative programme by following which the pupils achieve their goals, ideals and aspirations of life. It is curriculum through which the general aims of a school education receive concrete expression
The Taba Model was developed by Hilda Taba (1902 - 1967), an architect, a curriculum theorist, a curriculum reformer, and a teacher educator.Taba believed that there has to be a definite order in creating a curriculum.
She advocated that teachers take an inductive approach to curriculum development which meant starting with the specifics and building toward a general design, rather than the traditional deductive approach (starts with the general design and work towards the specifics) which was rooted in Tyler's model. Hilda Taba followed the grass-roots approach in developing curriculum
For her, it should be the teachers who should design the curriculum rather than the higher authorities (Oliva, 1992). More specifically stated, the Taba approach believes in allowing the curriculum to be developed and/or authored by the users (teachers). Under the Taba Model teachers are expected to begin each curriculum by creating specific teaching-learning units and building to a general design.
According to Khwaja, Akhtar, & Mirza (n.d.), "the Taba model was an attempt to ensure that decisions about curriculum are made on the basis of valid criteria and not whim or fancy." Her model of developing a curriculum consisted of seven main steps and over the years, these seven steps have formed the basis for Hilda Taba's ...
This solution provides information about Hilda Taba and her suggested approach to curriculum development. It also includes information about five of Taba's main elements required when developing a curriculum. The solution is referenced.
Diagnosis of needs
Formulation of learning objectives
Selection of learning content
Organization of learning content
Selection of learning experiences
Organization of learning activities
Evaluation and means of evaluation
A model is really the first step in curriculum development. A curriculum model determines the type of curriculum used; it encompasses educational philosophy, approach to teaching, and methodology. The good news is, unless you've been hired to design curriculum, you won't come across many curriculum models. However, it's good for educators to be familiar with the models used in their schools
The basic tenet of the dynamic or interactional models of curriculum development is that curriculum development is a dynamic and interactive process which can begin with any curriculum element (Print 1989, Brady 1990).
Walkers Model of Curriculum develop by Decker Walker 1971.
The proponents of this approach to curriculum development argue that the curriculum process does not follow a lineal, sequential pattern. Dynamic models have emerged from a more descriptive approach to curriculum where researchers have observed the behavior of teachers and developers as they devise curricula. Consequently the analytical and prescriptive approach, the very basis of the objectives and cyclical models, is not prominent in the dynamic models.
Platform
The three phases of Walker's model are the platform phase, the deliberation phase and the design phase. In the platform phase, platform statements made up of ideas, preferences, points of view, beliefs and values that are held by curriculum developers are recognized.
Deliberation
When the curriculum developers start discussing on the basis of the recognized platform statements, this is the second stage of deliberation, which is a complex, randomized set of interactions that eventually achieves an enormous amount of background work before the actual curriculum is designed (Print 1989 ).
Design
In this phase developers make decisions about the various process components (the curriculum elements). Decisions have been reached after extended discussion and compromise by individuals. The decisions are then recorded and these become the basis for a curriculum document or specific curriculum materials.
Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of CurriculumShauna Martin
This presentation highlights information from Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of Curriculum from Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Issues by Allan C. Ornstein and Francis P. Hunkins. Highlighted here are the different educational philosophies and their unique impacts on education.
Sources of Curriculum Design is a topic from the subject Advanced Curriculum Development (EdM 402) of the degree Master of Arts in Educational Management, science as a source, society as a source, moral doctrine as a source, group activity, smartart, graphic organizer, sources of curriculum, conceptual framework, curriculum design qualities, types of curriculum design, scoring rubric
The Taba Model was developed by Hilda Taba (1902 - 1967), an architect, a curriculum theorist, a curriculum reformer, and a teacher educator.Taba believed that there has to be a definite order in creating a curriculum.
She advocated that teachers take an inductive approach to curriculum development which meant starting with the specifics and building toward a general design, rather than the traditional deductive approach (starts with the general design and work towards the specifics) which was rooted in Tyler's model. Hilda Taba followed the grass-roots approach in developing curriculum
For her, it should be the teachers who should design the curriculum rather than the higher authorities (Oliva, 1992). More specifically stated, the Taba approach believes in allowing the curriculum to be developed and/or authored by the users (teachers). Under the Taba Model teachers are expected to begin each curriculum by creating specific teaching-learning units and building to a general design.
According to Khwaja, Akhtar, & Mirza (n.d.), "the Taba model was an attempt to ensure that decisions about curriculum are made on the basis of valid criteria and not whim or fancy." Her model of developing a curriculum consisted of seven main steps and over the years, these seven steps have formed the basis for Hilda Taba's ...
This solution provides information about Hilda Taba and her suggested approach to curriculum development. It also includes information about five of Taba's main elements required when developing a curriculum. The solution is referenced.
Diagnosis of needs
Formulation of learning objectives
Selection of learning content
Organization of learning content
Selection of learning experiences
Organization of learning activities
Evaluation and means of evaluation
A model is really the first step in curriculum development. A curriculum model determines the type of curriculum used; it encompasses educational philosophy, approach to teaching, and methodology. The good news is, unless you've been hired to design curriculum, you won't come across many curriculum models. However, it's good for educators to be familiar with the models used in their schools
The basic tenet of the dynamic or interactional models of curriculum development is that curriculum development is a dynamic and interactive process which can begin with any curriculum element (Print 1989, Brady 1990).
Walkers Model of Curriculum develop by Decker Walker 1971.
The proponents of this approach to curriculum development argue that the curriculum process does not follow a lineal, sequential pattern. Dynamic models have emerged from a more descriptive approach to curriculum where researchers have observed the behavior of teachers and developers as they devise curricula. Consequently the analytical and prescriptive approach, the very basis of the objectives and cyclical models, is not prominent in the dynamic models.
Platform
The three phases of Walker's model are the platform phase, the deliberation phase and the design phase. In the platform phase, platform statements made up of ideas, preferences, points of view, beliefs and values that are held by curriculum developers are recognized.
Deliberation
When the curriculum developers start discussing on the basis of the recognized platform statements, this is the second stage of deliberation, which is a complex, randomized set of interactions that eventually achieves an enormous amount of background work before the actual curriculum is designed (Print 1989 ).
Design
In this phase developers make decisions about the various process components (the curriculum elements). Decisions have been reached after extended discussion and compromise by individuals. The decisions are then recorded and these become the basis for a curriculum document or specific curriculum materials.
Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of CurriculumShauna Martin
This presentation highlights information from Chapter 2: Philosophical Foundation of Curriculum from Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Issues by Allan C. Ornstein and Francis P. Hunkins. Highlighted here are the different educational philosophies and their unique impacts on education.
Sources of Curriculum Design is a topic from the subject Advanced Curriculum Development (EdM 402) of the degree Master of Arts in Educational Management, science as a source, society as a source, moral doctrine as a source, group activity, smartart, graphic organizer, sources of curriculum, conceptual framework, curriculum design qualities, types of curriculum design, scoring rubric
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2. Introduction:
Name Sohail Ahmad & Feroz khan
Class B.Ed(hons) 5th semester
Class# 72 & 58
Subject Curriculum Development
Date 29 April 2014
5. 1. Models serve as guidline to action.
2. Models are found in almost every form
of education.
3. The education profession has models
of instruction, of administration, of
evaluation, of supervision etc.
4. In curriculum, there are models of
curriculum as opposed to models of
curriculum development.
6. Curriculum models
Are designed to provide a basis for decisions
regarding the selection, structuring and
sequencing of the educational experiences
7. A continuum of curriculum
models
Rational/objectives models:
Ralph Tyler
Hilda Taba
8. Hilda Taba
Hilda Taba (7 December 1902 – 6 July 1967) was an
architect, a curriculum theorist, a curriculum reformer,
and a teacher educator.
Taba was born in a small village in southeastern
Estonia.
Taba was introduced to Progressive education ideas
at Tartu University by her philosophy professors.
Taba was a student of John Dewey;
She wrote a book entitled Curriculum Development:
Theory and Practice (1962).
9. Some of Taba’s philosophical ideas on
curriculum development
Social processes, including the socialization of
human beings, are not linear, and they cannot be
modeled through linear planning. In other words,
learning and development of personality cannot be
considered as one-way processes of establishing
educational aims and deriving specific objectives
from an ideal of education proclaimed or
imagined by some authority.
The reconstruction of curricula and programmes is
not a short-term effort but a long process, lasting for
years.
10. Social institutions, among them school curricula and
programmes, are more likely to be effectively
rearranged if, instead of the common way of
administrative reorganization—from top to bottom—
a well-founded and co-ordinated system of
development from bottom to top can be used.
The development of new curricula and programmes
is more effective if it is based on the principles of
democratic guidance and on the well-founded
distribution of work. The emphasis is on the
partnership based on competence, and not on
administration.
11. Taba model:
Taba model is inductive approach.
Taba model is teacher approach.
Taba believe that teachers are aware of
the students needs hence they should
be the one to develop the curriculum.
Taba’s is the Grass-root approach.
The main idea to this approach is that
the needs of the students are at the
forefront to the curriculum.
12. Taba’s inductive approach
Taba advocated an inductive approach to
curriculum development.
In the inductive approach, curriculum workers
start with the specifics and build up to a
general design as opposed to the more
traditional deductive approach of starting with
the general design and working down to the
specifics.
13. Steps in Taba model:
1. Diagnosis of learners needs and
expectations of the larger society.
2. Formulation of learning objectives.
3. Selection of the learning content.
4. Organization of learning content.
5. Selection of the learning experiences.
6. Organization of learning activities.
7. Determination of what to evaluate and the
means of doing it.
14. Diagnosis of learners needs:
Diagnose of achievement.
Diagnosis of students as learner.
Diagnosis of curriculum problems.
15. Systematic diagnosis process:
1. Problem identification
2. Problem analysis
3. Formulating hypothesis and gathering
data.
4. Experimenting with action.
16. Formulation of learning
objectives.
Main objectives of education are:
To add to knowledge they posses
To enable them to perform skills which
otherwise they would not perform
To develop certain understanding,
insights and appreciations.
Development of healthy personality.
Analysis of particular culture and society
which educational program serves.
17. Function of educational
objectives:
Transmit culture
Reconstruct society
Fullest development of individual
To guide on curriculum decision on
What to cover?
What to emphasize?
What content to select?
Which learning experiences to stress?
18. Principle of formulation of
objectives:
Objective should useful, cleared and
concreteness
Objective should describe both kind of
behavior i.e. expected and content
Objective should be realistic
Scope of objective should be broad.
19. Selection and organization of
content:
Content should be rational base
Validity and significance of content
Consistency with social realities
Appropriateness to the need and
interest of students
Making proper distinctions between the
various levels of content
20. Organization and Selection of
the learning experiences
This involves more then applying principles of
learning.
Have you used a variety of teaching methods?
When using lecture will you make that active with
questions and discussion?
Are there opportunities for students to learn from
one another?
Are there opportunities for students to apply what
they are learning through solving real problems or
developing projects that could be used in a real work
setting?
21. Determination of what to evaluate and
the means of doing it
Plans need to be made for evaluation.
How should the quality of learning be evaluated to
assure that the ends of education are being
achieved?
How does one make sure that there is consistency
between the aims and objectives and what is actually
achieved by students?
Does the curriculum organization provide
experiences which offer optimum oppertunities for all
varieties of learners to attain independent goals?
22. Taba believed that: "To evolve a theory
of curriculum development and a
method of thinking about it, one needs
to ask what demands and requirements
of culture and society both are, both for
the present and the future. Curriculum is
a way of preparing young people to
participate in our culture."
23. Application of the Taba model
Taba model is currently used in most
curriculum designs.
Identifying the needs of the students.
Developing objectives
Selecting instructional method
Organizing learning experiences
Evaluating
24. Strengths of Taba model:
Gives teachers a greater role by not just making them
implementers of the curriculum but also developers
Uses the inductive method
Teacher approach is used
Notes that teachers are aware of the students’ needs
therefore they are the ones that should develop the
curriculum
Sees curriculum as a “plan for learning”
Gives importance to objectives in order to establish a
sense of purpose for deciding what to include,
exclude and emphasize in a curriculum.