The foundations of curriculum are the influences that shape what curriculum developers include in educational programs. There are five main foundations: philosophical, which deals with beliefs about reality, truth, and ethics; psychological, concerning child development, learning, and teaching; sociological, focused on social relationships and culture; economic, oriented towards job skills; and historical, examining the role of curriculum in national progress and cultural traditions.

1. Foundation of Curriculum
By Noureen Arshad
Anam Shehzadi

2. Foundation of Curriculum
Foundations are the forces that influence
the minds of curriculum developers.
In this way these effect the content and
structure of the curriculum.

3. Foundation of Curriculum
It includes the following
• Philosophical Foundation
• Psychological Foundation
• Sociological foundation
• Economical Foundation
• Historical Foundation

4. Philosophical Foundation
It is concerned with beliefs.
• What is real --- ONTOLOGY
• What is true --- EPISTEMOLOGY
• What is good – AXIOLOGY

5. Psychological Foundation
Psychology is the scientific
study of human behavior.
It gives insight into:
• Child development
• Learning
• Inquiry techniques
• Educational objectives
• Student characteristics
• Learning process
• Teaching method
• Evaluation procedures

6. Sociological Foundation
Sociology is the study of
social relationships,
institutions and
society.
It includes
• Value of society
• Media explosion
• New forms of
cooperation
• Culture etc.

7. Economical Foundation
It focuses on:
• Job or market
oriented curriculum
• Skill learning

8. Historical Foundations
It includes
• Role of curriculum in
achievements of
nations.
• Guides future plans
• Factors that influence
development of nation
e.g. unity
• Eliminates the
useless traditions.