Synthesis of 7 Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin.ppt
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This document summarizes the synthesis of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin through the Pechmann condensation reaction of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of polyphosphoric acid. The reaction takes 20-25 minutes to complete using PPA, whereas sulfuric acid takes 20-22 hours. The theoretical yield of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin from 1.4g of resorcinol is calculated to be 2.24g. The percentage yield is determined by comparing the practical and theoretical yields. 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin has uses as an anticoagulant, laser dye, and in insecticides and cos
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2) The first step is the preparation of acetanilide by acetylation of aniline using an acid catalyst.
3) Subsequent steps involve the diazotization of para-nitroaniline at ice-cold temperatures, followed by coupling with β-naphthol to form the azo dye para Red.
B. Pharm. (Honours) Part-IV Practical, Medicinal Chemistry-II, MANIK
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Synthesis of at least two important members of the following groups of drugs: sulphonamides, antimalarials, antibiotics, barbiturates. adrenergic agents, antihistamines and antineoplastic agents.
limit test for lead
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Carbonyl Compounds (Aldehydes & Ketones) Full Explanation
Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group. Common aldehydes include formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Ketones have a carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms. These compounds can be prepared through oxidation of primary alcohols or secondary alcohols. They undergo characteristic addition reactions that are acid-catalyzed or base-catalyzed. Aldehydes and ketones have many applications, with formaldehyde used in resins and disinfection, and acetone/methyl ethyl ketone used as solvents.
Acetic acid
Chemical engineering department Chemical industries Producing Acetic Acid This presentation done by Hussein Ali Jadooa
Medicinal chemistry II (Practical) MANIK
Synthesis of at least two important members of the following groups of drugs: sulphonamides, antimalarials, antibiotics, barbiturates. adrenergic agents, antihistamines and antineoplastic agents.
oleochemical products.pptx
1) The document discusses various oleochemical processes and products derived from oils and fats, including fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives, fatty acid methyl esters, fatty alcohols, fatty amines, and glycerol.
2) Key processes mentioned are hydrolysis, which splits triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids, and transesterification, which produces fatty acid methyl esters and glycerol from triglycerides.
3) The products have a wide range of applications from petrochemicals and polymers to soaps, detergents, and personal care products.
SWEETENING PROCESSES
This document discusses various processes used to remove mercaptans from petroleum products. It begins by explaining that mercaptans cause foul odors and corrosion and need to be removed. Then it describes processes that include caustic scrubbing, solutizer extraction, doctor treating using lead compounds, copper chloride sweetening, merox extraction, and sulfuric acid treatment. The doctor treating process reacts mercaptans with lead compounds to form disulfides. Merox extraction oxidizes mercaptans to disulfides using a catalyst. Sulfuric acid treatment and clay treatment can also remove olefins, gums and improve product properties.
Synthesis of benzamide from benzyl chloride
more chemistry contents are available
1. pdf file on Termmate: https://www.termmate.com/rabia.aziz
2. YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKxWnNdskGHnZFS0h1QRTEA
3. Facebook: https://web.facebook.com/Chemist.Rabia.Aziz/
4. Blogger: https://chemistry-academy.blogspot.com/
Synthesis of benzamide from benzyl chloride Lab
Viscosity of different printing paste
This document discusses the viscosity of different thickening agents used in textile printing. It provides information on various natural and synthetic thickeners such as starch, flour, gum Arabic, guar gum, and carboxymethyl cellulose. The document lists the viscosity of these thickeners in solutions of different concentrations, measured using viscometers. It also discusses how viscosity can be affected by factors like temperature, pH, and sonication. Various instruments used to measure viscosity are outlined.
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HU 282 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Lectures 1.pptx
MAKAUT/SEM 2/ EVS/ UNIT 1
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
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Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
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•Biological
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Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
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Summary Of transcription and Translation.pdf
Hello Everyone Here We are Sharing You with The process of protien Synthesis in very short points you will be Able to understand It Very well
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
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Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
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Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
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https://ashpc.eu/
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Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
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Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
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3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
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Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
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Complex titration with EDTA.
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Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
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Directdamage
Indirectly
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Synthesis of 7 Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin.ppt
- 1. Practical 1: Synthesis of 7-Hydroxy-4- methyl coumarin KUNAL DATTA
- 2. AIM • To synthesize 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin and Calculate it’s Percentage Yield.
- 3. Theory • Coumarin derivatives are prepared from pechmann condensation of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate in presence of acid. • Concentrated sulphuric acid and Poly phosphoric acid are usually used as a condensing agent. • But in presence of Sulphuric acid it takes 20-22 hours to complete while in presence of PPA it takes on 20-25 minutes.
- 4. Reaction
- 5. Uses of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin • Anticoagulant • Laser dye (commercial purpose) • Starting material for production of insecticide • Cosmetic industry
- 6. Apparatus
- 7. Reagents & Materials Poly phosphoric acid(10 gm) Resorcinol(1.4 gm) Ethyl acetoacetate (1.6 gm) Ice cold water Ethanol
- 8. Procedure Take 1.4 gm of Resorcinol and dissolve it in 1.6 ml of ethyl acetoacetate in 250 ml conical flask Stir it continuously until a one phase solution is obtained When the solution becomes viscous, add 10 gm of PPA Then the heat the solution on Hot water bath for 20 minutes After that add 75- 80 ml of ice cold water settle it for 5 mins and precipitation will be seen Then , recrystallized and dried the product and calculate % of yield Now filter the sample and dried at 60 degree celcius
- 10. Calculation Molecular formula of Resorcinol = C6H6O2 Molecular formula of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin= C10H8O3 Molecular Weight of Resorcinol = 110 g/mol Molecular Weight of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin =176 g/mol Theoretical Yield 110 g Resorcinol forms 176 g of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin 1.4 g ………...(176/110) X 1.4= 2.24 g of 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin So, Theoretical yield= 2.24 g % of Yield = (Practical yield / theoretical yield) x 100
- 11. THANK YOU