This document discusses various types of instrumentation that can be used to measure airflow parameters, especially in healthcare settings. It describes instruments that can measure air velocity, volume, and pressure, including pitot tubes, anemometers, micromanometers, balometers, and fan test equipment. These instruments are suitable for measuring airflow in operating theaters, cleanrooms, and other areas to verify parameters like supply/extract airflow. The document also mentions instrument rental, calibration, and sales services available.
Minor losses are a major part in calculating the flow, pressure, or energy reduction in piping systems. Liquid moving through pipes carries momentum and energy due to the forces acting upon it such as pressure and gravity. Just as certain aspects of the system can increase the fluids energy, there are components of the system that act against the fluid and reduce its energy, velocity, or momentum. Friction and minor losses in pipes are major contributing factors.
It contents all type of Flow Measuring devices like Orificemeter, Venturimeter, Rotameter Etc. There are several types of flowmeter that rely on Bernoulli's principle. The pressure is measured either by using laminar plates, an orifice, a nozzle, or a Venturi tube to create an artificial constriction and then measure the pressure loss of fluids as they pass that constriction or by measuring static and stagnation pressures to derive the dynamic pressure.
A compressor is a type of machine that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors helps to transport the fluid through a pipe maintaining the high pressure conditions. It is convers power (using and electrical motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air. The main and important types of gas compressors are illustrated and discussed below.
Steam distribution system, utilization and designAzmir Latif Beg
n any steam plant or any process plant effectiveness of steam distribution system is dependent upon the project specific conditions like location and layout of the process plant and its steam consuming equipment like heat exchangers, decorators etc. Steam distribution circuit is one of the major link between the steam production point and the point of end use i.e. process plant. Primary steam generating source are co-generation plant and Steam generators. However it not the source of steam generation but the effective and efficient steam distribution system that decides right quality (pressure and temperature) and quantity of steam to reach to the process through it. Thus designing of steam distribution is to be given due importance along with installation and subsequently maintenance during operation.
Compressors complete description and a well arranged slides for the topic. That's too the point and relevant slide share you are looking for! Hope you will find it easy to understand
Thank you!
Steam ejector working principle
An ejector is a device used to suck the gas or vapour from the desired vessel or system. An ejector is similar to an of vacuum pump or compressor. The major difference between the ejector and the vacuum pump or compressor is it had no moving parts. Hence it is relatively low-cost and easy to operate and maintenance free equipment.
Minor losses are a major part in calculating the flow, pressure, or energy reduction in piping systems. Liquid moving through pipes carries momentum and energy due to the forces acting upon it such as pressure and gravity. Just as certain aspects of the system can increase the fluids energy, there are components of the system that act against the fluid and reduce its energy, velocity, or momentum. Friction and minor losses in pipes are major contributing factors.
It contents all type of Flow Measuring devices like Orificemeter, Venturimeter, Rotameter Etc. There are several types of flowmeter that rely on Bernoulli's principle. The pressure is measured either by using laminar plates, an orifice, a nozzle, or a Venturi tube to create an artificial constriction and then measure the pressure loss of fluids as they pass that constriction or by measuring static and stagnation pressures to derive the dynamic pressure.
A compressor is a type of machine that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors helps to transport the fluid through a pipe maintaining the high pressure conditions. It is convers power (using and electrical motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air. The main and important types of gas compressors are illustrated and discussed below.
Steam distribution system, utilization and designAzmir Latif Beg
n any steam plant or any process plant effectiveness of steam distribution system is dependent upon the project specific conditions like location and layout of the process plant and its steam consuming equipment like heat exchangers, decorators etc. Steam distribution circuit is one of the major link between the steam production point and the point of end use i.e. process plant. Primary steam generating source are co-generation plant and Steam generators. However it not the source of steam generation but the effective and efficient steam distribution system that decides right quality (pressure and temperature) and quantity of steam to reach to the process through it. Thus designing of steam distribution is to be given due importance along with installation and subsequently maintenance during operation.
Compressors complete description and a well arranged slides for the topic. That's too the point and relevant slide share you are looking for! Hope you will find it easy to understand
Thank you!
Steam ejector working principle
An ejector is a device used to suck the gas or vapour from the desired vessel or system. An ejector is similar to an of vacuum pump or compressor. The major difference between the ejector and the vacuum pump or compressor is it had no moving parts. Hence it is relatively low-cost and easy to operate and maintenance free equipment.
It is recognized within the industry that most data centers are not energy efficient. Traditional data center designs do not fully address optimizing the data center. While data center managers struggle with uptime and reliability, business executives are looking for ways to reduce capital and operational expenses to improve the bottom line. Green initiatives are also in place to not only save money but to be environmentally responsible. New green data center designs (based on hot and cold air containment) have started to become more popular. Containment strategies and air flow optimization are recognized as a way to achieve both technical and business objectives. By separating hot and cold air within the data center, capital and operational expenses can be reduced for the business and a more stable and predictable environment can be achieved for the IT organization.
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For residential buildings, which mostly rely on infiltration for meeting their ventilation needs, the common ventilation rate measure is the number of times the whole interior volume of air is replaced per hour, and is called air changes per hour (I or ACH; units of 1/h). During the winter, ACH may range from 0.50 to 0.41 in a tightly insulated house to 1.11 to 1.47 in a loosely insulated house
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1. 1
Instrumental in measurement and test
This is a brief presentation on the types of instrumentation that can be used for the measurement and verification of various airflow parameters with specific references to the Healthcare Industry:
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Air velocity
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Air volume
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Air pressure
2. 2
Instrumental in measurement and test
The equipment shown will be suitable for the measurement of airflow parameters in a wide variety of applications:
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Operating theatres
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Cleanrooms
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Pharmacies
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Fume cupboards
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Safety cabinets
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Isolation rooms
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And many more
3. 3
Instrumental in measurement and test
Member based Association
Consultancy, test,
instrumentation
and research
Building services and construction industry
Who?
What?
Where?
4. 4
Instrumental in measurement and test
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The Solution to all your instrumentation needs
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Instrument Hire - Extensive range of instruments for Hire, for building services applications
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Instrument Calibration - Quality calibration service for most measurement fields / instruments
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Instrument Sales - Distributor of quality instruments from over 25 leading manufacturers
7. 7
Instrumental in measurement and test
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Velocity Micromanometer & Pitot Tube Rotating Vane Anemometer (100mm) Mini Rotating Vane Anemometer Thermal Anemometer
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Volume Balometer / Air Capture Hood Vane Anemometer & Hood Kit Vane Anemometer (Calculated) Thermal Anemometer ( Calculated) Fan (Measured / Room Pressure)
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Pressure Micromanometer
8. 8
Instrumental in measurement and test
Used to measure velocity & then to calculate volume manually. A digital micromanometer is used with a Pitot Tube to measure air velocity in ducts. This is the most commonly used method of accurately measuring the airflow in a supply or extract. The measurement is performed by taken a series of measurements across the duct (horizontally & vertically). This technique is called traversing. The air volume m³/s (Q) of the supply/extract can be calculated using the velocity m/s (V) and the face area of the duct m² (A) Basic Air Volume Equation Q = A x V Typical Range: 4 to 76 m/s (1 to 4 with great care)
9. 9
Instrumental in measurement and test
Must use a micromanometer which is equipped with units of measurements for velocity. A micromanometer is usually used to measure pressure, however suitable instruments, when used in conjunction with a Pitot Tube, can measure velocity. A Pitot Tube consists of two tubes. The centre tube, with a single hole, faces the air stream and receives the total pressure. The outer tube has a ring of holes around it and measures the the static pressure. Through the two connections on the Micromanometer, the two pressures are presented to either side of the instruments internal pressure transducer. The difference between these two pressures (Total Pressure - Static Pressure) equates to the air velocity m/s. For accurate measurements to be taken a traverse must be performed which takes multiple readings that are then averaged.
11. 11
Instrumental in measurement and test
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Used to measure velocity to verify the airflow into or out of a room / area / supply / extract grilles, also fume cupboards, safety cabinets or through a filter. A commonly used method of measuring the airflow of a supply / extract, is by traversing the face of the supply / extract., taking average readings of the air velocity with a rotating vane anemometer. The air volume m³/s (Q) of the supply / extract can be calculated using the velocity m/s (V) and the face area of the supply/extract m² (A). Basic Air Volume Equation Q = A x V Typical Range: 0.25 to 76 m/s (not recommended below 1 m/s) Many vane anemometers have the function to input grille / duct dimensions, which enable the instrument to give a direct readout in volume flow. These instruments can also be used with hood kits.
12. 12
Instrumental in measurement and test
Used to measure velocity to verify the airflow in a supply/extract ducts, also fume cupboards or slot and linear diffusers. Has the same capabilities of the larger rotating vane anemometers, but can also be used for measuring velocities in ducts or slots, due to its smaller dimensions.
14. 14
Instrumental in measurement and test
Used to measure velocity to verify the airflow in supply/extracts etc. The principle of the thermal anemometer is that it has a sensing element, which is heated electronically and is kept at a constant temperature. When the element is exposed to airflow, the effect is that there is a temperature change in the element. The temperature is kept constant via the electronics and the electrical current needed to maintain the constant temperature of the element is ascertained. The controlling current is directly proportional to the velocity and this is then electronically indicated as an air velocity reading. Thermal anemometers are particularly useful for the measurement of low velocities as it has no mechanical parts, the other main benefit is related to the smaller dimensions of the equipment, so it can be used in ducts, slots etc. Many thermal anemometers have the function to input grille/duct dimensions, which enable the instrument to give a direct readout in volume flow. Typical Range: 0.15 to 20 m/s
16. 16
Instrumental in measurement and test
These are lightweight collapsible assemblies used for the measurements of air volumes on room diffusers and grilles. They are an alternative micromanometer & pitot tube or anemometers and give a direct reading of air volume. The airflow passes over a grid assembly with an integral sensing element. A number of interchangeable hoods or various sizes are available to fit over different types/sizes of grilles and diffusers. Typical Range: 50 to 3500 m³/hr
18. 18
Instrumental in measurement and test
These are lightweight fan assemblies that can be used for the measurements of air leakage on rooms such as isolation suites or ductwork. They have variable speed fans so that enclosures can be maintained at a constant pressure, and flow rates are calculated by measuring the pressure drop across an orifice plate.
19. 19
Instrumental in measurement and test
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Draeger Flow Check / Concept Air Trace Invisible air movements become visible. The instruments makes it possible to see the direction and effects of air currents. They produce harmless clouds of smoke which float freely with the airflow, showing the direction of flow and the effect in a room / area.
20. 20
Instrumental in measurement and test
Used to measure pressure such as the differential between rooms such as operating theatres. A digital micromanometer can be used to measure the differential pressure between rooms, by having one of its ports open to the pressure in the room you are standing in and the other port connected to another room using a piece of tubing. The instrument will then indicate the differential pressure between the two points. Typical Range: 0 to 3500Pa (Positive and negative) Typical Resolution: 0.1Pa
22. 22
Instrumental in measurement and test
All instruments should be calibrated periodically, usually at intervals of not longer than 12 months. Each instrument should carry a calibration record. If an instrument is damaged, it should be recalibrated as a means of checking its functional accuracy. It is often a requirement of Quality registration to keep a record of your calibrated instrument.
23. 23
Instrumental in measurement and test
Blower door testing facility
Open jet wind tunnel