This document provides an overview of a summer training program at Triumph Motors on suspension systems. It discusses the history of Chevrolet, an introduction to suspension systems including their functions and components. The key components discussed are springs, dampers, and struts. Common types of springs like leaf springs and coil springs are described along with how dampers and struts work to absorb shocks and support vehicle weight.

1. SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
Mr. AMIT SARAF MOHIT PUROHIT
(H.O.D. MECHANICAL ME 4th YEAR
DEPARTMENT) 13EBTME022
BHARTIYA INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

2. SUMMER TRAINING
at
TRIUMPH MOTORS : A Unit of Shriya
Overseas Pvt. Ltd.

3. • History of CHEVROLET
• About TRIUMPH MOTORS
• Introduction to suspension system
• Functions of suspension system
• Requirements of suspension system
• Elements of suspension system
• Springs
• Dampers(or shock absorbers)
• Strut

4. ● Louis Chevrolet and William C. Durant founded the
"Chevrolet Motor Car Company" in Detroit on
November 3, 1911.
● William C. Durant also founded General Motors in
1908.
● In 1912, first car “Classic Six,” a luxurious high-
performance
six-cylinder model, hit the streets of Detroit.
● General Motors India was established in 1928, in
Mumbai .

5. Chevrolet Classic Six Spark model 2013
Cruze model 2013 Spark model 2016

6. Department
Sale
Service
Accidental
Denting
and
Painting
About TRIUMPH MOTORS

7. MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
GENRAL
MANAGER
SERVICE
MANAGER
SERVICE
ADVISOR
FIOOR
SUPERVISOR
TECHNICIAN
HELPER
WASHER

8. Introduction to suspension
system
● The suspension system of an automobile is one
which separates the wheel/axle Assembly from
the body.
● The primary function of the suspension system
is to isolate the vehicle structure from shocks
and
vibration due to irregularities of the road

9. Functions of suspension
system
 To prevent the road shocks from being
transmitted to the vehicle frame.
 To preserve the stability of the vehicle in
pitching or rolling.
 To safeguard the occupants from road shocks.
 To provide good road holding while driving,
cornering and braking.

10. Requirements of a suspension system
 Low initial cost.
 Minimum weight.
 Minimum tyre wear.
 Minimum deflection consistent with required
stability.

11. Assembly of suspension
system

12. Elements of suspension system
 Springs are resilient
members and as such act
as reservoirs of energy .
 I t store the energy due to
the sudden force which
comes when vehicle
encounters a bump or a
ditch .
 They reduce the
tendency of the carriage
unit to continue to
“bounce” up and down on
its springs .
 Oscillation due to road
shocks are restricted to a
reasonable level by
damper.
SPRING DAMPER

13.  1. Leaf spring
 2. Coil spring
 3. Torsion bars
 4. Air and gas
spring
 5. Rubber spring
Property of Spring
 Springs used for
suspension system
should absorb road
shocks quickly and
return to the original
position slowly.

14. 1. Leaf Spring
● Leaf spring are multi-
layered steel plates
clamped together in
reducing length.
● Each strip is called a leaf.
They are joined together
by clamps and a central
bolt.
● The length of each leaf
decreases so that the
spring assembly act as a
flexible beam and is of
uniform strength.

15. 2. Coil Spring
● It is a section of Spring
steel rod wound in a spiral
pattern or shape.
● These coils cushion and
absorb the shocks and
bumps as the vehicle is
driven.
● Often the Shock absorbers
run up the center of the coil
springs.

17.  A torsion bar is a solid bar of steel which is
connected to the car chassis at one end, and
free to move at the other end.
 The springing motion is provided by the metal
bar's resistance to twisting.
 Torsion bars are normally locked to the
chassis and the suspension parts with splined
ends.

18.  In these springs compressed air or
gases filled in the cylinder or bellows
against which the wheel movement is
transmitted through diaphragm. As
soon as the wheel passes over a road
irregularity the compressed air returns
the system to its original position.

19. 4.1. Disadvantages of Air and Gas
Spring
1. High cost .
2. Risk of breakdown.
3. Freezing of moisture in air in cold
weather.
4. Greater maintenance required

21. Damper Working principle
● Hydraulic dampers are prevalent
● During bumps or compression, rod &
piston move into the Shock Absorber.
● In rebound, or extension, they move out
● For dampening to be effective,
resistance is needed in both directions –
provided by oil and valves

22. Hydraulic Damper
● Without a damper structure a car
spring will extend and release
the energy it absorbs from a
bump at an uncontrolled rate.
● The spring will continue to
bounce at its natural frequency
until all of the energy originally
put into it is used up.
● A suspension built on springs
alone would make for an
extremely bouncy ride and,
depending on the terrain, an
uncontrollable car

23. Mathematical Model
● Quarter car model with asymmetric
damping:
● Components:
a)Spring mass
b)Un-spring mass
m1=spring mass, m2=un-spring mass
k1=stiffness coefficient of suspension
k2=stiffness of tire
b1=damping coefficient of suspension
b2=damping co-efficient of tire
● Damping coefficient of tire is usually
negligible in comparison with that of
spring.

24. MacPherson strut
● Combines a shock
absorber and a coil
spring into a single
unit.
● Provides a more
compact and lighter
suspension system
used for front-wheel
drive vehicles.

25. Jobs perform by Strut
 They provide a dampening function like shock
absorbers, and they provide structural support
for the vehicle suspension.
 That means struts deliver a bit more than
shock absorbers, which don’t support vehicle
weight , they only control the speed at which
weight is transferred in a car, not the weight
itself.

26. References
 Hydraulic shock absorbers.OTO-HUI.COM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcSH2z706rU&list=P
LD41CECBDA5664881&index=37
 Chevrolet suspension system in 1938 - Ella73TV
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1W_J6UhQP6s
 Use of nonlinear asymmetrical shock-absorber to
improve comfort on passenger vehicles
 M. Silveira , B.R.PontesJr., J.M.Balthazar - Journal of
Sound and Vibration
http://www.carbibles.com/suspension_bible.html
 Motor Vehicle Dynamics – Modeling and Simulation
– Giancarlo Genta 31